解决 oracle 错误ORA-01033

　　数据库在导入数据的过程中，意外关机。重启机器后，pl/sql-developer不能登录数据库，报错ORA-01033:oracle initializationor shutdown in progress。解决步骤如下：

1. 运行cmd

   C:\Users\Dell3800>set oracle_sid=orcl

   C:\Users\Dell3800>sqlplus "/as sysdba"

   SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Mon Mar 2 08:52:09 2015

   Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.

   Connected to:
   Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
   With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

2. 关闭数据库，重新启动

   SQL> shutdown immediate
   ORA-01109: database not open

   Database dismounted.
   ORACLE instance shut down.
   SQL> startup
   ORACLE instance started.

   Total System Global Area 778387456 bytes
   Fixed Size 1374808 bytes
   Variable Size 318768552 bytes
   Database Buffers 452984832 bytes
   Redo Buffers 5259264 bytes
   Database mounted.
   ORA-01172: recovery of thread 1 stuck at block 2937401 of file 7
   ORA-01151: use media recovery to recover block, restore backup if needed

3. 启动后报ORA-01172，根据提示进行恢复。使用命令 alter database recover

   SQL> alter database recover
   2 ;

   Database altered.

4. 重新启动数据库，没有报错。pl/sql-developer登陆成功。

   SQL> shutdown immediate
   ORA-01109: database not open

   Database dismounted.
   ORACLE instance shut down.
   SQL> startup
   ORACLE instance started.

   Total System Global Area 778387456 bytes
   Fixed Size 1374808 bytes
   Variable Size 318768552 bytes
   Database Buffers 452984832 bytes
   Redo Buffers 5259264 bytes
   Database mounted.
   Database opened.