Given a binary tree, return the level order traversal of its nodes' values. (ie, from left to right, level by level).

For example:
Given binary tree {3,9,20,#,#,15,7},

    3
/ \
9 20
/ \
15 7

return its level order traversal as:

[
[3],
[9,20],
[15,7]
]

BFS解题思路:

使用二叉树按层遍历的方法,很容易解决。

 /**
* Definition for binary tree
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
vector<vector<int> > levelOrder(TreeNode *root) {
vector<vector<int> > levelOrderLst;
vector<int> valLst;
queue<TreeNode *> curLevelNodes; if (!root)
return levelOrderLst; curLevelNodes.push(root); while (!curLevelNodes.empty()) {
int len = curLevelNodes.size();
while (len--) {
valLst.push_back(curLevelNodes.front()->val); if (curLevelNodes.front()->left) {
curLevelNodes.push(curLevelNodes.front()->left);
} if (curLevelNodes.front()->right) {
curLevelNodes.push(curLevelNodes.front()->right);
} curLevelNodes.pop();
} levelOrderLst.push_back(valLst);
valLst.clear();
} return levelOrderLst; } };

DFS解题思路:

[                 [
[3], [3],
[9], ==> [9,20],
[15] [15,7]
] ]

树中,第一层val值保存在vec[0],第N层val值保存在vec[n-1]。因此按DFS原则,可以统一使用“先左后右”的规律,先遍历左子树,再遍历右子树。遍历到的val值插入对应dep的位置中。

注意:将val插入对应dep位置前,此位置上需要存在子列表,才能执行插入命令(代码中10-11行)。

 class Solution {
private:
vector<vector<int> > levelOrderLst;
public:
void buildVector(TreeNode *root, int depth)
{
if (root == NULL)
return; if (levelOrderLst.size() == depth)
levelOrderLst.push_back(vector<int>()); levelOrderLst[depth].push_back(root->val); buildVector(root->left, depth + );
buildVector(root->right, depth + );
} vector<vector<int> > levelOrder(TreeNode *root) {
buildVector(root, );
return levelOrderLst;
}
};

附录:

DFS/BFS

queue\vector

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