[转载]XStar's Libvirt+KVM部署记录 目录

XStar's Libvirt+KVM部署记录

目录

• Create: 2013-12-11
• Update: 2014-01-03

准备工作

• KVM网站
  • http://sourceforge.net/projects/kvm/files/
  • http://www.linux-kvm.org/

• CPU支持检查

如果CPU支持，还需要在BIOS打开虚拟化支持。通常，主板默认关闭这个选项。

kvm-ok
# 或
grep -E "vmx|svm" /proc/cpuinfo
# Intel CPU:vmx
# AMD CPU:svm

• libvirt: http://libvirt.org/

使用libvirt负责虚拟化的创建及管理。

• 网络结构
  • NAT：用libvirt原有的default网络，通过virbr0连接、Dnsmasq做dhcp、iptables提供NAT；
  • Bridge：手工在系统中配置网桥virbr1，在libvirt配置虚拟机直接连接该该网桥即可。

软件安装

• 相关软件包
  • qemu-kvm - Full virtualization on i386 and amd64 hardware
  • qemu-system - QEMU full system emulation binaries
  • qemu-utils - qemu utilities
  • libvirt-bin - programs for the libvirt library
  • pm-utils - utilities and scripts for power management
  • virt-manager - desktop application For managing virtual machines
  • virt-viewer - Displaying the graphical console of a virtual machine
  • virtinst - Programs to create and clone virtual machines
    • virt-install: provision new virtual machines
    • virt-clone: clone existing virtual machines
    • virt-image: create virtual machines from an image description
    • virt-convert: convert virtual machines between formats

• 从源安装

  # Ubuntu
  sudo apt-get -y install qemu-kvm qemu-utils libvirt-bin pm-utils virtinst
  sudo apt-get -y install virt-viewer virt-manager
  # CentOS
  yum install -y qemu-kvm qemu-kvm-tools libvirt libvirt-devel libvirt-client pm-utils
  yum install -y virt-viewer virt-manager

• 编译安装

  # Ubuntu中解依编译信赖关系
  sudo apt-get build-dep qemu-kvm
   
  tar -xzvf qemu-kvm-1.2.0.tar.gz
  cd qemu-kvm-1.2.0
  /configure --prefix=/usr/local/kvm
  make
  sudo make install
   
  # 安装后加载KVM模块
  # 注意:系统重启后要重新加载kvm内核模块，从源安装时会有qemu-kvm服务来自动加载该模块。
  sudo modprobe kvm
  sudo modprobe kvm-intel  #INTEL处理器就用这个
  sudo modprobe kvm-amd    #AMD处理器就用这个

libvirt配置

• /etc/default/libvirt-bin

  start_libvirtd="yes"
  libvirtd_opts="-d -l"

• 开启TCP侦听
  • /etc/libvirt-bin/libvir-bin.conf

    listen_tls = 0           # 禁用tls
    listen_tcp = 1           # 启用tcp侦听
    tcp_port = "16509"       # tcp端口
    listen_addr = "0.0.0.0"  # tcp侦听IP
    auth_unix_ro = "none"
    auth_unix_rw = "none"
    auth_tcp = "sasl"        # tcp登录认证方式,"none"为不使用认证
    log_level = 3
    log_outputs="3:syslog:libvirtd"
     
    max_clients = 1024        # 最大总的连接客户数1024
    min_workers = 50          # libvirtd启动时，初始的工作线程数目
    max_workers = 200         # 同上，最大数目
    max_requests = 1000       # 最大同时支持的RPC调用，必须大于等于max_workers
    max_client_requests = 200 # 每个客户端支持的最大连接数

  • 安装sasl2、设置自启动

    apt-get install sasl2-bin
    sed -i 's/\(^START\)=.*$/\1=yes/g' /etc/default/saslauthd

  • sasl用户设置(http://libvirt.org/auth.html)

    # 添加用户
    saslpasswd2 -a libvirt yuanxing
    #列出用户
    sasldblistusers2 -f /etc/libvirt/passwd.db
    # yuanxing@kvmsrv: userPassword，注意：登录时用户名要包含@kvmsrv
    #删除用户
    saslpasswd2 -a libvirt -d yuanxing

• 设置VNC侦听地址:/etc/libvirt/qemu.conf

  sed -i -e '/^vnc_listen/d' i-e '/^vnc_password/d' /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf
  echo 'vnc_listen = "0.0.0.0"' >> /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf
  echo 'vnc_password = "XYZ12345"' >> /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf

• 服务管理

  service libvirt-bin start|restart|stop|status|reload|force-reload
  service qemu-kvm start|restart|stop|status|reload|force-reload

网络配置

软件安装

• 相关软件包
  • bridge-utils - Utilities for configuring the Linux Ethernet bridge
  • vde2 - Virtual Distributed Ethernet
  • ifplugd - configuration daemon for ethernet devices
  • uml-utilities - User-mode Linux (utility programs)(tunctl工具)

• 安装bridge工具

  sudo apt-get -y install bridge-utils

使用ifplugd方便向桌面发送状态通知、通过异步处理加快启动速度(dhcp浪费时间)。

使用vde2使用可能是方便以普通用户身份来管理(UserModeLinux，涉及到uml工具)？

配置主机网络

• 配置/etc/network/interfaces

  auto lo
  iface lo inet loopback
   
  auto virbr1
  iface virbr1 inet static
      address 172.17.20.20
      network 172.17.20.0
      netmask 255.255.255.0
      broadcast 172.17.20.255
      gateway 172.17.20.1
      dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 4.4.4.4
      bridge_ports eth0
      bridge_stp on
      bridge_maxwait 0

• 禁用NetworkManager

  sudo stop network-manager
  # Create an override file for the upstart job:
  echo "manual" | sudo tee /etc/init/network-manager.override

• 网桥关闭Netfilter、开启ip_forward
  • /etc/sysctl.conf

    net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0

  • sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf
  • 注释: 在网桥上关闭Netfilter是出于安全考虑，具体参考:http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/lnxinfo/v3r0m0/topic/liaai/kvmsec/kvmsecstart.htm

libvirt网络配置

• NAT网络:default.xml(libvirt缺省)

  <network>
    <name>default</name>
    <uuid>3be6d4fa-72c4-667b-64ae-85f954f1b2bf</uuid>
    <forward mode='nat'/>
    <bridge name='virbr0' stp='on' delay='0' />
    <mac address='52:54:00:D6:A2:9B'/>
    <ip address='192.168.122.1' netmask='255.255.255.0'>
      <dhcp>
        <range start='192.168.122.2' end='192.168.122.254' />
      </dhcp>
    </ip>
  </network>

• 桥接网络:network-host-bridge.xml

  <network>
    <name>network-host-bridge</name>
    <uuid>3b8bf95c-6971-8794-1c63-bc2b8c551979</uuid>
    <forward mode='bridge'/>
    <bridge name='virbr1' />
  </network>

• 导入配置

  virsh net-list --all
  #virsh net-define default.xml
  virsh net-define network-host-bridge.xml
  virsh net-start network-host-bridge
  virsh net-autostart network-host-bridge
  # virsh net-dumpxml network-host-bridge > /etc/libvirt/qemu/network/network-host-bridge.xml

• 也可不在libvirt中设置主机网桥，配置虚拟机时，直接指向bridge，运行时传递给kvm的参数相同。
  • 指向network-host-bridge

        <interface type='network'>
          <mac address='52:54:00:6c:07:87'/>
          <source network='network-host-bridge'/>
          <target dev='vnet0'/>
          <model type='virtio'/>
          <alias name='net0'/>
          <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
        </interface>

  • 直接指向bridge

        <interface type='bridge'>
          <mac address='52:54:00:6c:07:87'/>
          <source bridge='virbr1'/>
          <target dev='vnet0'/>
          <model type='virtio'/>
          <alias name='net0'/>
          <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
        </interface>

• libvirt生成的iptables NAT策略

  # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.12 on Sat Dec 14 01:24:40 2013
  *nat
  :PREROUTING ACCEPT [310:34187]
  :INPUT ACCEPT [41:4149]
  :OUTPUT ACCEPT [471:31957]
  :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [711:59731]
  -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.122.0/24 ! -d 192.168.122.0/24 -p tcp -j MASQUERADE --to-ports 1024-65535
  -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.122.0/24 ! -d 192.168.122.0/24 -p udp -j MASQUERADE --to-ports 1024-65535
  -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.122.0/24 ! -d 192.168.122.0/24 -j MASQUERADE
  COMMIT
  # Completed on Sat Dec 14 01:24:40 2013
  # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.12 on Sat Dec 14 01:24:40 2013
  *mangle
  :PREROUTING ACCEPT [789078:428240757]
  :INPUT ACCEPT [381196:51105050]
  :FORWARD ACCEPT [407928:377150708]
  :OUTPUT ACCEPT [399811:110095092]
  :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [807739:487245800]
  -A POSTROUTING -o virbr0 -p udp -m udp --dport 68 -j CHECKSUM --checksum-fill
  COMMIT
  # Completed on Sat Dec 14 01:24:40 2013
  # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.12 on Sat Dec 14 01:24:40 2013
  *filter
  :INPUT ACCEPT [381157:51098101]
  :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
  :OUTPUT ACCEPT [399811:110095092]
  -A INPUT -i virbr0 -p udp -m udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -i virbr0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -i virbr0 -p udp -m udp --dport 67 -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -i virbr0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 67 -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -i virbr1 -p udp -m udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -i virbr1 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -i virbr1 -p udp -m udp --dport 67 -j ACCEPT
  -A INPUT -i virbr1 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 67 -j ACCEPT
  -A FORWARD -d 192.168.122.0/24 -o virbr0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
  -A FORWARD -s 192.168.122.0/24 -i virbr0 -j ACCEPT
  -A FORWARD -i virbr0 -o virbr0 -j ACCEPT
  -A FORWARD -o virbr0 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
  -A FORWARD -i virbr0 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
  -A FORWARD -i virbr1 -o virbr1 -j ACCEPT
  -A FORWARD -o virbr1 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
  -A FORWARD -i virbr1 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
  COMMIT
  # Completed on Sat Dec 14 01:24:40 2013

• libvirt为default网络启动的dnsmasq进程

  /usr/sbin/dnsmasq \
   -u libvirt-dnsmasq \
   --strict-order \
   --bind-interfaces \
   --pid-file=/var/run/libvirt/network/default.pid \
   --conf-file= \
   --except-interface lo \
   --listen-address 192.168.122.1 \
   --dhcp-range 192.168.122.2,192.168.122.254 \
   --dhcp-leasefile=/var/lib/libvirt/dnsmasq/default.leases \
   --dhcp-lease-max=253 \
   --dhcp-no-override

常用管理操作

常用工具

virsh
virt-install
virt-manager
virt-clone
virt-convert
virt-image
qeum-img

连接libvirtd

virsh -c qemu:///system                              # 本地登录libvirt控制台
virsh -c qemu+ssh://root@172.17.20.20/system         # ssh远程登录libvirt控制台
virsh -c qemu+tcp://172.17.20.20:16509/system        # tcp远程登录libvirt控制台
virt-manager -c qemu+tcp://172.17.20.20:16509/system # 运行libvirt图形管理界面
virt-manager -c qemu+ssh://root@172.17.20.20/system

• 管理存储池
• 管理接口(bridge)
• 管理网络(Networking)
• 管理虚拟机(Domain)
  • 创建/修改
  • 调整内存
  • 起停、悬挂、恢复
  • 迁移
  • console
  • ttyconsole
  • attach/detach
• 监控虚拟机
• Host and Hypervisor
• 管理虚拟卷
• 快照管理
• 图形界面:VNC

配置存储池

• data.xml

  <pool type='dir'>
    <name>data</name>
    <uuid>117251c7-3444-a5e3-3174-1947c4933321</uuid>
    <capacity>446342758400</capacity>
    <allocation>7004667904</allocation>
    <available>439338090496</available>
    <source>
    </source>
    <target>
      <path>/data/libvirt/images</path>
      <permissions>
        <mode>0700</mode>
        <owner>-1</owner>
        <group>-1</group>
      </permissions>
    </target>
  </pool>

• ISOs.xml

  <pool type='dir'>
    <name>ISOs</name>
    <uuid>e77d9811-5497-521d-0d50-e5104c7e66b1</uuid>
    <capacity>446342758400</capacity>
    <allocation>7004667904</allocation>
    <available>439338090496</available>
    <source>
    </source>
    <target>
      <path>/data/ISOs</path>
      <permissions>
        <mode>0700</mode>
        <owner>-1</owner>
        <group>-1</group>
      </permissions>
    </target>
  </pool>

• 存储池名称

  virsh pool-list
  Name                 State      Autostart
  -----------------------------------------
  data                 active     yes
  ISOs                 active     yes

第一个虚拟机

使用 virt-manager -c qemu+ssh:///system 远程连接libvirtd后，在图形界面中创建了第一个虚拟机Ubuntu，并安装了操作系统。

• Ubuntu.xml

  <domain type='kvm' id='2'>
    <name>Ubuntu</name>
    <uuid>d2a37ea8-d343-c4bd-c6d0-fb6bd1943f91</uuid>
    <memory>1048576</memory>
    <currentMemory>1048576</currentMemory>
    <vcpu>2</vcpu>
    <os>
      <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-1.0'>hvm</type>
      <boot dev='cdrom'/>
      <boot dev='hd'/>
    </os>
    <features>
      <acpi/>
      <apic/>
      <pae/>
    </features>
    <clock offset='utc'/>
    <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
    <on_reboot>destroy</on_reboot>
    <on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
    <devices>
      <emulator>/usr/bin/kvm</emulator>
      <disk type='file' device='disk'>
        <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/>
        <source file='/data/libvirt/images/Ubuntu.img'/>
        <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
        <alias name='virtio-disk0'/>
        <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/>
      </disk>
      <disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
        <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
        <source file='/data/ISOs/ubuntu-12.04.3-server-amd64.iso'/>
        <target dev='hdc' bus='ide'/>
        <readonly/>
        <alias name='ide0-1-0'/>
        <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='1' unit='0'/>
      </disk>
      <controller type='ide' index='0'>
        <alias name='ide0'/>
        <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/>
      </controller>
      <interface type='bridge'>
        <mac address='52:54:00:6c:07:87'/>
        <source bridge='virbr1'/>
        <target dev='vnet0'/>
        <model type='virtio'/>
        <alias name='net0'/>
        <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
      </interface>
      <serial type='pty'>
        <source path='/dev/pts/1'/>
        <target port='0'/>
        <alias name='serial0'/>
      </serial>
      <console type='pty' tty='/dev/pts/1'>
        <source path='/dev/pts/1'/>
        <target type='serial' port='0'/>
        <alias name='serial0'/>
      </console>
      <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
      <graphics type='vnc' port='5900' autoport='yes'/>
      <video>
        <model type='cirrus' vram='9216' heads='1'/>
        <alias name='video0'/>
        <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
      </video>
      <memballoon model='virtio'>
        <alias name='balloon0'/>
        <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/>
      </memballoon>
    </devices>
    <seclabel type='dynamic' model='apparmor' relabel='yes'>
      <label>libvirt-d2a37ea8-d343-c4bd-c6d0-fb6bd1943f91</label>
      <imagelabel>libvirt-d2a37ea8-d343-c4bd-c6d0-fb6bd1943f91</imagelabel>
    </seclabel>
  </domain>

• 虚拟机进程

  # 进程以libvirt-qemu用户身份运行
  /usr/bin/kvm \
   -S \
   -M pc-1.0 \
   -enable-kvm \
   -m 1024 \
   -smp 2,sockets=2,cores=1,threads=1 \
   -name Ubuntu \
   -uuid d2a37ea8-d343-c4bd-c6d0-fb6bd1943f91 \
   -nodefconfig \
   -nodefaults \
   -chardev socket,id=charmonitor,path=/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/Ubuntu.monitor,server,nowait \
   -mon chardev=charmonitor,id=monitor,mode=control \
   -rtc base=utc \
   -no-reboot \
   -no-shutdown \
   -drive file=/data/libvirt/images/Ubuntu.img,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0,format=qcow2 \
   -device virtio-blk-pci,bus=pci.0,addr=0x4,drive=drive-virtio-disk0,id=virtio-disk0,bootindex=2 \
   -drive file=/data/ISOs/ubuntu-12.04.3-server-amd64.iso,if=none,media=cdrom,id=drive-ide0-1-0,readonly=on,format=raw \
   -device ide-drive,bus=ide.1,unit=0,drive=drive-ide0-1-0,id=ide0-1-0,bootindex=1 \
   -netdev tap,fd=19,id=hostnet0,vhost=on,vhostfd=20 \
   -device virtio-net-pci,netdev=hostnet0,id=net0,mac=52:54:00:6c:07:87,bus=pci.0,addr=0x3 \
   -chardev pty,id=charserial0 \
   -device isa-serial,chardev=charserial0,id=serial0 \
   -usb \
   -vnc 127.0.0.1:0 \
   -vga cirrus \
   -device virtio-balloon-pci,id=balloon0,bus=pci.0,addr=0x5

• libvirt通过nc对外服务(自动)

  sh -c if nc -q 2>&1 | grep "requires an argument" >/dev/null 2>&1; then ARG=-q0;else ARG=;fi;nc $ARG -U /var/run/libvirt/libvirt-sock
  nc -q0 -U /var/run/libvirt/libvirt-sock
   
  nc -q 0 127.0.0.1 5900

vmbuilder

使用vmbuilder创建Ubuntu JeOS虚拟服务器，包括虚拟机创建、系统安装、包安装，以及系统设置定制均可一步完成。

• 关于vmbuilder未启用磁盘的vistio特性问题: http://www.sysadminworld.com/2012/automated-installs-with-vmbuilder/

• 安装vmbuilder

  apt-get instal python-vm-builder

• 使用参数
  • vmbuilder --help
  • vmbuilder kvm ubuntu --help

• 优化设置

Vmbuilder缺省对网卡启用了virtio特性，但虚拟磁盘未启用virtio特性，可修改其配置档解决：

vim /etc/vmbuilder/libvirt/libvirtxml.tmpl
 
<target dev='hd$disk.devletters()' />
# to
<target dev='vd$disk.devletters()' bus='virtio' />

Since my virtual machines require a pointopoint entry in /etc/network/interfaces I also edit /etc/vmbuilder/ubuntu/interfaces.tmpl and add an additional line pointopoint underneath gateway. This will set pointopoint to the gateway address that I specify with vmbuilder.

pointopoint $gw

As a last ugly rather hack I edit /usr/share/pyshared/VMBuilder/plugins/kvm/vm.py and change the default file image type from qcow2 to raw to improve the disk throughput.

filetype = 'raw'

Instead of editing vm.py you could also use the qemu-img command after running vmbuilder to convert the qcow2 image to raw (or just keep qcow2 if you are fine with it).

• 默认模板文件：/etc/vmbuilder/libvirt/
• 自定义配置文件:MyJeOS.cfg

  [DEFAULT]
  arch=amd64
  mem=512
  cpus=2
  ip=172.17.20.31
  gw=172.17.20.1
  mask=255.255.255.0
  dns=8.8.8.8
  user=yuanxing
  name=YuanXing
  pass=123456
  tmpfs=-
  firstboot=/data/libvirt/JeOStemplate/firstboot.sh
  #firstlogin=/data/libvirt/JeOStemplate/firstlogin.sh
  #bridge=virbr1
  network=network-host-bridge
   
  [ubuntu]
  mirror=http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu
  iso=/data/ISOs/ubuntu-12.04.3-server-amd64.iso
  suite=precise
  flavour=virtual
  hostname=JeOS
  addpkg=openssh-server,acpid,vim,at,bc,byobu,tmux,screen,iptables
  [kvm]
  libvirt = qemu:///system

• 首次运行firstboot.sh

  # This script will run the first time the virtual machine boots
  # It is ran as root.
   
  echo "Expire the user account"
  passwd -e user
   
  echo "Regenerate ssh keys"
  rm -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host*key*
  dpkg-reconfigure -fnoninteractive -pcritical openssh-server

• 首次登录firstlogin.sh

  # This script is ran the first time a user logs in
  echo "Your appliance is about to be finished to be set up."
  echo "In order to do it, we'll need to ask you a few questions,"
  echo "starting by setting you keyboard and other console informations."

• 分区配置:vmbuilder.partition

  # ubuntu 12.04中vmbuilder的cli.py中对part的处理存在bug，不能正确按man中的格式处理设备名和文件名，因为只能使用如下简单格式
  root 8000
  swap 4000
  ---
  /data 20000

vim +391 /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/VMBuilder/contrib/cli.py

• 创建虚拟机

  sudo vmbuilder kvm ubuntu -c MyJeOS.cfg --part vmbuilder.partition --timezone=CST -d /data/libvirt/images/JeOS
   
  # 或者直接在命令行中指定参数
  sudo vmbuilder kvm ubuntu --suite precise --flavour virtual --arch amd64 --libvirt qemu:///system \
  --hostname gonzo --ip 192.0.32.9 --net 192.0.32.9 --mask 255.255.255.255 --bcast 192.0.32.9 --gw 213.103.105.1 \
  --domain example.com --user john --name john --pass 12345 \
  --verbose --rootsize=20480 --swapsize=2048 --mem 1024 --cpus 1 \
  --addpkg=openssh-server --addpkg=vim --addpkg=acpid \
  --dest=/var/lib/libvirt/images/gonzo/

virt-install

virt-install --name=Ubuntu2 --ram 1024 --vcpus=2 \
--disk pool=data,size=8,bus=virtio,format=qcow2,sparse=false,cache=writeback \
--cdrom /data/ISOs/ubuntu-12.04.3-server-amd64.iso \
--vnc --network bridge=virbr1,model=virtio --noautoconsole \
--connect=qemu:///system
 
# 或用网络名称：
# --network network=network-host-bridge

说明：在linux系统安装开始就要注意添加提高性能的一些参数，后面就不需要做一些调整了。

参数说明:

--name 指定虚拟机名称
--ram 分配内存大小
--vcpus 分配CPU核心数，最大与实体机CPU核心数相同
--disk 指定虚拟机镜像，size 指定分配大小单位为G。
--network 网络类型，此处用的是默认，一般用的应该是 bridge 桥接。
--cdrom 指定安装镜像iso
--vnc 启用VNC远程管理，一般安装系统都要启用。
--vncport 指定VNC 监控端口，默认端口为5900，端口不能重复。
--vnclisten 指定VNC 绑定IP，默认绑定127.0.0.1，这里改为 0.0.0.0。
--noautoconsole Don't automatically try to connect to the guest console

virt-clone

• clone卷

  virsh -c qemu:///system vol-clone --pool data tmpiEMBDQ.qcow2 JeOS_2.qcow2

• virt-clone:虚拟机克隆

  --connect=CONNECT
  -o ORIGINAL_GUEST , --original=ORIGINAL_GUEST 被克隆的原始Guest名称
  -m MAC , --mac=MAC MAC地址
  --auto-clone, Generate a new guest name, and paths for new storage.
  -n NAME , --name=NAME 新虚拟机Guest的名称
  -u UUID , --uuid=UUID 指定UUID
  -f DISKFILE , --file=DISKFILE

  # 将JeOS克隆为指定NAME，按--file指定路径Clone虚拟磁盘。
  NAME=JeOS1;
  mkdir /data/libvirt/images/$NAME \
  && virt-clone \
  --connect qemu:///system \
  --original JeOS \
  --name $NAME \
  --file /data/libvirt/images/$NAME/$NAME.qcow2 \
  --file /data/libvirt/images/$NAME/${NAME}_data.qcow2