RMAN 备份数据库到DISK后进行数据恢复

RMAN 备份数据库到DISK，然后进行数据恢复

一、rman备份

1. 全备脚本

vi bakup_level0.sql

connect target /
run {
     allocate channel c1 type disk;
     allocate channel c2 type disk;
     allocate channel c3 type disk;
     backup
     incremental
     filesperset
     format "/backup/orcl/lev0_%d_%s_%I_%T_%t.bak" database;
     release channel c1;
     release channel c2;
     release channel c3;

     allocate channel c1 type disk;
     allocate channel c2 type disk;
     allocate channel c3 type disk;
     sql "alter system archive logcurrent";
     backup format '/backup/orcl/arch_%T_%t_%U' archivelog all delete all input;
     release channel c1;
     release channel c2;
     release channel c3;

     allocate channel c1 type disk;
     backup format "/backup/orcl/spfile_%d_%s_%I_%T_%t.bak" spfile;
     release channel c1;

     allocate channel c1 type disk;
     backup format "/backup/orcl/controlfile_%d_%s_%I_%T_%t.bak" (current controlfile);
     release channel c1;

}

-- 执行调用rman脚本（start.sh）

#!/bin/sh
# exec: sh start.sh
# reload oracle env
# reload profile
[ -f ${HOME}/.bash_profile ] && . ${HOME}/.bash_profile
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS'

" ]]; then
    SCRIPT_NAME=$
else
    echo "usage: $0 filename... "
fi

# Define the work path
APP_PATH=/home/oracle/scripts
LOGPATH=${APP_PATH}/logs
[[ -d "${APP_PATH}" ]] || mkdir -p ${APP_PATH}
[[ -d "${LOGPATH}" ]] || mkdir -p ${LOGPATH}
SCRIPT_FILE=${APP_PATH}/${SCRIPT_NAME}
LOGFILE=${LOGPATH}/bklevel0_$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S).log
# execute scripts
[[ -f "${SCRIPT_FILE}" ]] && ${ORACLE_HOME}/bin/rman cmdfile ${SCRIPT_FILE} msglog ${LOGFILE}

2. 增备（level 1)脚本

connect target /

run {
        allocate channel c1 type disk;
        allocate channel c2 type disk;
        allocate channel c3 type disk;
        # REM   cumulative
        backup
        incremental
        filesperset
        format "/backup/orcl/lev1_%d_%s_%I_%T_%t.bak" database;
        release channel c1;
        release channel c2;
        release channel c3;

        allocate channel c1 type disk;
        allocate channel c2 type disk;
        sql "alter system archive log current";
        backup format '/backup/orcl/arhc_%T_%t_%U' archivelog all delete all input;
        release channel c1;
        release channel c2;

        allocate channel c1 type disk;
        backup format "/backup/orcl/spfile_%d_%s_%I_%T_%t.bak" spfile;
        release channel c1;

        allocate channel c1 type disk;
        backup format "/backup/orcl/controlfile_%d_%s_%I_%T_%t.bak" (current controlfile);
        release channel c1;
    }

2.2 执行增备脚本

sh start.sh bakup_level1.sh

3. 备份归档日志

-- vi bakup_arch.sql
connect target /

run {
     allocate channel c1 type disk;
     allocate channel c2 type disk;
     sql "alter system archive log current";
     backup format '/backup/orcl/arhc_%T_%t_%U' archivelog all delete all input;
     release channel c1;
     release channel c2;

     allocate channel c1 type disk;
     backup format "/backup/orcl/spfile_%d_%s_%I_%T_%t.bak" spfile;
     release channel c1;

     allocate channel c1 type disk;
     backup format "/backup/orcl/controlfile_%d_%s_%I_%T_%t.bak" (current controlfile);
     release channel c1;
}

4. 维护rman备份集

connect target /
run{
    allocate channel for maintenance type disk;
    report obsolete;
    delete noprompt obsolete;
    release channel;
}

二、利用rman备份集恢复

1. 恢复步骤

1）安装oracle db软件，建议与源库版本一致；

2）目标端创建pfile，即相关目录（adump)；

3）目标端创建密码文件

4）目标端启动nomount状态并创建spfile;

5）rman 恢复控制文件

6）还原数据文件

7）同步归档备份集到目标端并还原归档日志到目标端数据库

8）resetlog打开数据库

9）创建临时表空间

2. 具体操作代码

2.1）目标端创建pfile，即相关目录（adump)

# 创建pfile文件
vi pfile.ora

*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_sys_operations=TRUE
*.audit_trail='DB'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/oradata1/orcl/control01.ctl'
*.db_block_size=
*.db_domain=''
*.db_files=
*.db_name='orcl'
*.diagnostic_dest='/oracle/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers=''
orcl.log_archive_dest_1='location=/arch1'
orcl.log_archive_format='orcl_%t_%s_%r.arc'
*.max_dump_file_size='1024M'
*.O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY=FALSE
*.open_cursors=
*.parallel_force_local=TRUE
*.parallel_max_servers=
*.parallel_threads_per_cpu=
*.pga_aggregate_target=
*.processes=
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sga_target=
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

# 创建目录
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
mkdir -p /oracle/app/oracle/admin/${ORACLE_SID}/{adump,pfile,dpdump}

2.2）目标端创建密码文件

2.3）目标端启动nomount状态并创建spfile

sqlplus / as sysdba
startup nomount pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.ora';
create spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.ora';

--使用spfile启动数据库

sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOFshutdown immediate;startup nomount;quit;EOF

2.4）rman 恢复控制文件

rman target /

set dbid=<database id>;

run{　　restore controlfile from '/backup/orcl/controlfile_orcl_292_1223534412_20170418_941608807.bak';　　# 启动到mount　　sql 'alter database mount';}

2.5）还原数据文件

connect target /

set dbid=<database id>;

 run{allocate channel c1 type disk;
allocate channel c2 type disk;
allocate channel c3 type disk;
 to '/oradata1/orcl/system01.dbf';
 to '/oradata1/orcl/sysaux01.dbf';
 to '/oradata1/orcl/undotbs01.dbf';
 to '/oradata1/orcl/users01.dbf';
 to '/oradata1/orcl/orcltbs01.dbf';
 to '/oradata1/orcl/orcltbs02.dbf';
 to '/oradata1/orcl/orcltbs03.dbf';
 to '/oradata1/orcl/orcltbs04.dbf';
 to '/oradata1/orcl/orcltbs05.dbf';
restore database;
switch datafile all;
recover database;
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
release channel c3;
}

2.6）同步归档备份集到目标端并还原归档日志到目标端数据库

rman target /

 set dbid=<database id>;

 run{
    allocate channel c1 type disk;
    allocate channel c2 type disk;
    set archivelog destination to '/backup/orcl/archivelog';
    ;
    release channel c1;
    release channel c2;
}

2.7）resetlog打开数据库

sqlplus "/ as sysdba" <<EOF# reset redo log

　　alter database rename file '/oraredo1/redo01_1.log' to '/oradata1/orcl/redo01_1.rd';
　　alter database rename file '/oraredo2/redo01_2.log' to '/oradata1/orcl/redo01_2.rd';
　　alter database rename file '/oraredo1/redo02_1.log' to '/oradata1/orcl/redo02_1.rd';
　　alter database rename file '/oraredo2/redo02_2.log' to '/oradata1/orcl/redo02_2.rd';

alter database open resetlogs;
quit;
EOF

2.8）创建临时表空间

select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces where contents='TEMPORARY';

create temporary tablespace TEMP1 tempfile '/oradata1/orcl/temp01.dbf' size 10240M reuse;
alter database default temporary tablespace TEMP1;
drop tablespace TEMP including contents and datafiles;