docker下安装 Oracle11gR2

这是第二次安装，在第一次安装过程部分内容参考自如下：

http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_d840ff330102v4j0.html docker下oracle11g安装

http://blog.csdn.net/yangyinbo/article/details/6221220 HP-UX静默安装oracle11g过程

http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-03/56606p4.htm  CentOS 6.2 X64上64位Oracle 11gR2 静默安装

但是并没一次成功，中途遇到好多问题，一个一个逐步解决，最终安装成功。在这里只是做一个总结，欢迎指点和纠正。

这次是在安装的过程中同时记录，以备后续参考。

系统环境：

虚拟机Centos7 64位

docker：1.13.1

oracle：11gR2

容器：centos：6.6

第一次安装时最后能够保证连网，如不能连网需要提前准备好相应的包。

保证虚拟机ok，docker已经安装好，同时将oracle包拷贝至centos6.6的容器中的 /oracle_package目录下。

[root@bogon install_package]# docker cp linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip 22edf28f349d:/oracle_package
[root@bogon install_package]# docker cp linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip 22edf28f349d:/oracle_package

[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# ls
linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip  linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

开始安装

1.安装oracle所需要的 gcc* 、glibc*相关的包

gcc*在装的时候看到有很多个，每个都不是很大，只要网速不是特别差还是很快的。

[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# yum -y install gcc*
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# yum -y install glibc*

也可以指安装所需的包，并且要注意顺序：

Oracle 对GCC的顺序：

glibc-common-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpm
kernel-headers-2.6.-.el6.x86_64.rpm
libgcc-4.4.-.el6.x86_64.rpm
glibc-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpm
libgomp-4.4.-.el6.x86_64.rpm
nscd-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpm
glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpm
glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpm
mpfr-2.4.-.el6.x86_64.rpm
ppl-0.10.-.el6.x86_64.rpm
cloog-ppl-0.15.-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm
cpp-4.4.-.el6.x86_64.rpm
gcc-4.4.-.el6.x86_64.rpm
注：以上是安装gcc，软件安装顺序不能错
libstdc++-4.4.-.el6.x86_64.rpm
libstdc++-devel-4.4.-.el6.x86_64.rpm
gcc-c++-4.4.-.el6.x86_64.rpm
注：以上是安装gcc-c++

也可以使用yum的方式进行安装

 #yum -y install gcc
 #yum -y install make
 #yum -y install binutils
 #yum -y install gcc-c++
 #yum -y install compat-libstdc++-
 #yum -y install elfutils-libelf-devel
 #yum -y install elfutils-libelf-devel-static
 #yum -y install ksh
 #yum -y install libaio
 #yum -y install libaio-devel
 #yum -y install numactl-devel
 #yum -y install sysstat
 #yum -y install unixODBC
 #yum -y install unixODBC-devel
 #yum -y install pcre-devel

注意：　　

在使用yum安装时如果出现如下错误：

[root@d0361c82ec77 oracle_package]# yum -y install gcc*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
Examining gcc-4.4.-.el6.x86_64.rpm: gcc-4.4.-.el6.x86_64
Marking gcc-4.4.-.el6.x86_64.rpm to be installed
base                                                     | 3.7 kB     :
base/primary_db                                          | 4.7 MB     :
epel                                                     | 4.3 kB     :
epel/primary_db                                          | 4.6 MB     :
Error: xz compression not available
[root@d0361c82ec77 oracle_package]# 

这个错误主要意思是没有epel或者存在错误的epel，可以这样来解决：

　　1.remove 错误的epel

有可能会出现如下：说明系统还没有epel

[root@d0361c82ec77 oracle_package]# yum remove epel-release
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Remove Process
No Match for argument: epel-release
Determining fastest mirrors
Error: xz compression not available
[root@d0361c82ec77 oracle_package]# 

或者：移除epel成功

[root@d0361c82ec77 yum]# yum remove epel-release
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Remove Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package epel-release.noarch :- will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
 Package               Arch            Version         Repository          Size
================================================================================
Removing:
 epel-release          noarch          -             installed            k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Remove         Package(s)

Installed size:  k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
  Erasing    : epel-release--.noarch                                      /
warning: /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo saved as /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo.rpmsave
  Verifying  : epel-release--.noarch                                      / 

Removed:
  epel-release.noarch :-                                                     

Complete!

这两种情况都没有问题，接着执行下面步骤

　　2.清理epel 缓存

[root@d0361c82ec77 yum]# rm -rf /var/cache/yum/x86_64/6/epel

　　3.重新安装正确的epel：

[root@d0361c82ec77 yum]# rpm -ivh http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
Retrieving http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.M6IbHz: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [%]
   :epel-release           ########################################### [%]

　　4.使用 yum search munin 检测是否安装正确

[root@d0361c82ec77 yum]# yum search munin
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
base                                                     | 3.7 kB     :
base/primary_db                                          | 4.7 MB     :
epel/metalink                                            | 5.4 kB     :
epel                                                     | 4.3 kB     :
epel/primary_db                                          | 5.9 MB     :
extras                                                   | 3.4 kB     :
extras/primary_db                                        |   kB     :
updates                                                  | 3.4 kB     :
updates/primary_db                                       | 5.4 MB     :
============================== N/S Matched: munin ==============================
PyMunin.noarch : Python Module for developing Munin Multigraph Monitoring
               : Plugins
munin-java-plugins.noarch : java-plugins for munin
munin-ruby-plugins.noarch : ruby-plugins for munin
munin.noarch : Network-wide graphing framework (grapher/gatherer)
munin-async.noarch : Network-wide graphing framework (asynchronous client tools)
munin-cgi.noarch : Network-wide graphing framework (cgi files for apache)
munin-common.noarch : Network-wide graphing framework (common files)
munin-netip-plugins.noarch : Network-wide graphing framework (dhcpd3 and ntp
                           : plugins)
munin-nginx.noarch : Network-wide graphing framework (cgi files for nginx)
munin-node.noarch : Network-wide graphing framework (node)

  Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.

到此这个问题就已经解决了，如果还有问题可以重复上述1.2.3.4步骤。

再次运行：

[root@d0361c82ec77 yum]# yum -y install gcc*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
Determining fastest mirrors
 * epel: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gcc.x86_64 :4.4.-.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libgomp = 4.4.-.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.-.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: cpp = 4.4.-.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.-.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libgcc >= 4.4.-.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.-.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: glibc-devel >= 2.2.- for package: gcc-4.4.-.el6.x86_64
...

在安装过程中如果提示：

Public key for gcc-objc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64.rpm is not installed

在网上找到了解决方法：
此时要导入rpm的签名信息即可
以root登录，执行下面命令
# rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

根据我的Linux版本是CentOS 6.6
于是我执行下面命令
#rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

---

安装 unzip指令 vim指令，因为centos6.6容器中没有这两个指令的，后边需要用到，容器中自带了vi，看个人习惯了

[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# yum -y install unzip
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# yum -y install vim

2.修改主机名

这里主要将容器id 加入hostname中，如果hostname不正确后边启动监听可能会出现问题。

[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME=hadoop

3.修改host文件

先用hostname查看当前的主机名为：

[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# hostname
22edf28f349d

内容如下：

[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1       hadoop
::1     localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
#172.17.0.2     1c0d06324543

4. 创建用户oracle及组dba

[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# vim /etc/hosts
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# groupadd dba
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# useradd -g dba oracle
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# 

5.创建oracle目录和设置权限

[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# mkdir -p /u01/app/product/11.2./db_1  //数据库系统安装目录
[root@22edf28f349d oracle]# mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory  //清单目录
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# chown -R oracle:dba /u01
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# chmod -R  /u01
[root@22edf28f349d oracle]# mkdir /opt/oradata  //数据存放目录
[root@22edf28f349d oracle]# mkdir /opt/oradata_back  //数据备份目录

记录一下：

mkdir -p 中-p 的作用，如果递归创建目录没有-p会报错，同时-p有如下作用：

-p, --parents     no error if existing, make parent directories as needed

 

chown 用户名:组名 文件路径（可以是就对路径也可以是相对路径）

例1：chown oracle:dba /tmp/tmp1
就是把tmp下的tmp1的用户名和用户组改成oracle和dba（只修改了tmp1的属组）.
例2：chown -R oracle:dba /tmp/tmp1
就是把tmp下的tmp1下的所有文件的属组都改成oracle和oracle。

chmod -R 775 /u01

chmod用法
用来修改某个目录或文件的访问权限

语法：chmod [who] [+ | - | =] [mode] 文件名
 命令中各选项的含义为：
操作对象who可是下述字母中的任一个或者它们的组合：
 　　u 表示“用户（user）”，即文件或目录的所有者。
 　　g 表示“同组（group）用户”，即与文件属主有相同组ID的所有用户。
 　　o 表示“其他（others）用户”。
 　　a 表示“所有（all）用户”。它是系统默认值。
 操作符号可以是：
 　　+ 添加某个权限。
 　　- 取消某个权限。
 　　= 赋予给定权限并取消其他所有权限（如果有的话）。
 设置 mode 所表示的权限可用下述字母的任意组合：
 　　r 可读。
 　　w 可写。
   　x 可执行。
 　　X 只有目标文件对某些用户是可执行的或该目标文件是目录时才追加x 属性。
 　　s 在文件执行时把进程的属主或组ID置为该文件的文件属主。
       方式“u＋s”设置文件的用户ID位，“g＋s”设置组ID位。
 　　t 保存程序的文本到交换设备上。
 　　u 与文件属主拥有一样的权限。
 　　g 与和文件属主同组的用户拥有一样的权限。
 　　o 与其他用户拥有一样的权限。
 文件名：以空格分开的要改变权限的文件列表，支持通配符。

 

在Unix和Linux的各种操作系统下，每个文件（文件夹也被看作是文件）都按读、写、运行设定权限。
例如我用ls -l命令列文件表时，得到如下输出:
-rw-r--r--   bu users   -- : tt.htm
从第二个字符起rw-是说用户bu有读、写权，没有运行权，接着的r--表示用户组users只有读权限，没有运行权，最后的r--指其他人（others）只有读权限，没有写权和运行权。
这是系统默认设置，我可以改写tt.htm，同组的人和其他人只有权读，没人有权运行，因为只是一个html文件，不必运行。这在Novell的directory services之前很先进。
读、写、运行三项权限可以用数字表示，就是r=,w=,x=。所以，上面的例子中的rw-r--r--用数字表示成644。
反过来说777就是rwxrwxrwx，意思是该登录用户（可以用命令id查看）、他所在的组和其他人都有最高权限。
再多说一句。我用chmod o-r tt.htm命令改权限，o-r是others的权限中减掉读。结果是
-rw-r-----   bu users  -- : tt.htm
如果用命令chmod  tt.htm，结果是
-rwxrwxrwx   bu users  -- : tt.htm
任何人都有读、写、运行三项权限。
理论上就是这样，但实际运用上往往需要加上1执行权，否则执行不了读或写

6.设置环境变量，修改oracle用户的 .bash_profile 文件

[oracle@22edf28f349d ~]# vim .bash_profile 

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/product/11.2./db_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

使环境变量生效

[root@22edf28f349d ~]# source .bash_profile

7.将oracle的两个安装包解压到同一个目录下，如果不是同一个目录后边会报错

[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip -d ./oracle
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip -d ./oracle

8.将刚解压后的rsp文件复制到 /home/oracle目录下

[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# cp ./oracle/database/response/* /home/oracle/

查看 /home/oracle目录下的rsp文件

[root@22edf28f349d oracle]# ls
dbca.rsp  db_install.rsp  netca.rsp

9.修改db_install.rsp文件的内容：

详细解释来自：http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23886490-id-3565908.html

[root@22edf28f349d oracle]# vim db_install.rsp
####################################################################
## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation ,. All rights reserved.##
##                                                                ##
## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize     ##
## your installation.                                             ##
##                                                                ##
## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment        ##
## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate        ##
## values.                              ##
##                                                                ##
## IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plain text passwords and    ##
## should be secured to have read permission only by oracle user  ##
## or db administrator who owns this installation.                ##
##                                                                ##
####################################################################

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Do not change the following system generated value.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#标注响应文件版本，这个版本必须和要#安装的数据库版本相同，安装检验无法通过,不能更改

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0 

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation option.#选择安装类型：1.只装数据库软件 2.安装数据库软件并建库 3.升级数据库
# It can be one of the following:
# . INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
# . INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG
# . UPGRADE_DB
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the hostname of the system as set during the install. It can be used
# to force the installation to use an alternative hostname rather than using the
# first hostname found on the system. (e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames
# and network interfaces)
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=hadoop  #指定操作系统主机名，通过hostname命令获得

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Unix group to be set for the inventory directory.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=dba   #指定oracle inventory目录的所有者，通常会是oinstall或者dba

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the location which holds the inventory files.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory  #指定产品清单oracle inventory目录的路径,如果是Win平台下可以省略

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the languages in which the components will be installed.
#
# en   : English                  ja   : Japanese
# fr   : French                   ko   : Korean
# ar   : Arabic                   es   : Latin American Spanish
# bn   : Bengali                  lv   : Latvian
# pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese     lt   : Lithuanian
# bg   : Bulgarian                ms   : Malay
# fr_CA: Canadian French          es_MX: Mexican Spanish
# ca   : Catalan                  no   : Norwegian
# hr   : Croatian                 pl   : Polish
# cs   : Czech                    pt   : Portuguese
# da   : Danish                   ro   : Romanian
# nl   : Dutch                    ru   : Russian
# ar_EG: Egyptian                 zh_CN: Simplified Chinese
# en_GB: English (Great Britain)  sk   : Slovak
# et   : Estonian                 sl   : Slovenian
# fi   : Finnish                  es_ES: Spanish
# de   : German                   sv   : Swedish
# el   : Greek                    th   : Thai
# iw   : Hebrew                   zh_TW: Traditional Chinese
# hu   : Hungarian                tr   : Turkish
# is   : Icelandic                uk   : Ukrainian
# in   : Indonesian               vi   : Vietnamese
# it   : Italian
#
# Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN #指定数据库语言，可以选择多个，用逗号隔开。选择en, zh_CN(英文和简体中文)

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Home.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/product/11.2./db_1  #设置ORALCE_HOME的路径

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Base.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle  #设置ORALCE_BASE的路径

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation edition of the component.
#
# The value should contain only one of these choices.
# EE     : Enterprise Edition
# SE     : Standard Edition
# SEONE  : Standard Edition One
# PE     : Personal Edition (WINDOWS ONLY) #选择Oracle安装数据库软件的版本（企业版，标准版，标准版1），不同的版本功能不同
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is used to enable or disable custom install.
#
# true  : Components mentioned as part of 'customComponents' property
#         are considered for install.
# false : Value for 'customComponents' is not considered.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

　　#是否自定义Oracle的组件，如果选择false，则会使用默认的组件

　　#如果选择true否则需要自己在下面一条参数将要安装的组件一一列出。

　　#安装相应版权后会安装所有的组件，后期如果缺乏某个组件，再次安装会非常的麻烦。

oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is considered only if 'IsCustomInstall' is set to true.
#
# Description: List of Enterprise Edition Options you would like to install.
#
#              The following choices are available. You may specify any
#              combination of these choices.  The components you choose should
#              be specified in the form "internal-component-name:version"
#              Below is a list of components you may specify to install.
#
#              oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1. - Oracle Partitioning
#              oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1. - Oracle Data Mining
#              oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1. - Oracle Database Vault
#              oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1. - Oracle Label Security
#              oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1. - Oracle Real Application Testing
#              oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1. - Oracle OLAP
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.server:11.2.0.1.,oracle.sysman.ccr:10.2.7.0.,oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.,
oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.,oracle.network:11.2.0.1.,oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.,oracle.rdbms:11.2.0.1.,
oracle.options:11.2.0.1.,oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.,
oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.,orcle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.

###############################################################################
#                                                                             #
# PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEM GROUPS                                            #
# ------------------------------------------                                  #
# Provide values for the OS groups to which OSDBA and OSOPER privileges       #
# needs to be granted. If the install is being performed as a member of the   #
# group "dba", then that will be used unless specified otherwise below.          #
#                                                                             #
###############################################################################

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The DBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDBA privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba #指定拥有OSDBA、OSOPER权限的用户组，通常会是dba组

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The OPER_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSOPER privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the cluster node names selected during the installation.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=  #如果是RAC的安装，在这里指定所有的节点

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the type of database to create.
# It can be one of the following:
# - GENERAL_PURPOSE/TRANSACTION_PROCESSING
# - DATA_WAREHOUSE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE  #选择数据库的用途，一般用途/事物处理，数据仓库

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database Global Database Name.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl  #指定GlobalName

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database SID.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database character set.
#
# It can be one of the following:
# AL32UTF8, WE8ISO8859P15, WE8MSWIN1252, EE8ISO8859P2,
# EE8MSWIN1250, NE8ISO8859P10, NEE8ISO8859P4, BLT8MSWIN1257,
# BLT8ISO8859P13, CL8ISO8859P5, CL8MSWIN1251, AR8ISO8859P6,
# AR8MSWIN1256, EL8ISO8859P7, EL8MSWIN1253, IW8ISO8859P8,
# IW8MSWIN1255, JA16EUC, JA16EUCTILDE, JA16SJIS, JA16SJISTILDE,
# KO16MSWIN949, ZHS16GBK, TH8TISASCII, ZHT32EUC, ZHT16MSWIN950,
# ZHT16HKSCS, WE8ISO8859P9, TR8MSWIN1254, VN8MSWIN1258
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#选择字符集。不正确的字符集会给数据显示和存储带来麻烦无数。

#通常中文选择的有ZHS16GBK简体中文库，建议选择unicode的AL32UTF8国际字符集

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable should be set to true if Automatic Memory Management
# in Database is desired.
# If Automatic Memory Management is not desired, and memory allocation
# is to be done manually, then set it to false.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#11g的新特性自动内存管理，也就是SGA_TARGET和PAG_AGGREGATE_TARGET都#不用设置了，Oracle会自动调配两部分大小
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the total memory allocation for the database. Value(in MB) should be
# at least  MB, and should not exceed the total physical memory available
# on the system.
# Example: oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#指定Oracle自动管理内存的大小，最小是256MB
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable controls whether to load Example Schemas onto the starter
# database or not.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false  #是否载入模板示例

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable includes enabling audit settings, configuring password profiles
# and revoking some grants to public. These settings are provided by default.
# These settings may also be disabled.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true #是否启用安全设置

###############################################################################
#                                                                             #
# Passwords can be supplied for the following four schemas in the          #
# starter database:                                    #
#   SYS                                                                       #
#   SYSTEM                                                                    #
#   SYSMAN (used by Enterprise Manager)                                       #
#   DBSNMP (used by Enterprise Manager)                                       #
#                                                                             #
# Same password can be used for all accounts (not recommended)               #
# or different passwords for each account can be provided (recommended)       #
#                                                                             #
###############################################################################

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable holds the password that is to be used for all schemas in the
# starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle #设定所有数据库用户使用同一个密码，其它数据库用户就不用单独设置了。

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYS password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYSTEM password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYSMAN password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the DBSNMP password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the management option to be selected for the starter database.
# It can be one of the following:
# . GRID_CONTROL
# . DB_CONTROL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL #数据库本地管理工具DB_CONTROL，远程集中管理工具GRID_CONTROL

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Management Service to use if Grid Control is selected to manage
# the database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL= #GRID_CONTROL需要设定grid control的远程路径URL

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable indicates whether to receive email notification for critical
# alerts when using DB control.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.enableEmailNotification=false #是否启用Email通知, 启用后会将告警等信息发送到指定邮箱

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the email address to which the notifications are to be sent.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.emailAddress=  #设置通知EMAIL地址

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SMTP server used for email notifications.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.SMTPServer=

###############################################################################
#                                                                             #
# SPECIFY BACKUP AND RECOVERY OPTIONS                                           #
# ------------------------------------                                      #
# Out-of-box backup and recovery options for the database can be mentioned    #
# using the entries below.                              #
#                                                                             #
###############################################################################

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is to be set to false if automated backup is not required. Else
# this can be set to true.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false #设置自动备份，和OUI里的自动备份一样。

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Regardless of the type of storage that is chosen for backup and recovery, if
# automated backups are enabled, a job will be scheduled to run daily at
# : AM to backup the database. This job will run as the operating system
# user that is specified in this variable.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid= #自动备份会启动一个job，指定启动JOB的系统用户ID

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Regardless of the type of storage that is chosen for backup and recovery, if
# automated backups are enabled, a job will be scheduled to run daily at
# : AM to backup the database. This job will run as the operating system user
# specified by the above entry. The following entry stores the password for the
# above operating system user.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd= #自动备份会开启一个job，需要指定OSUser的密码

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the type of storage to use for the database.
# It can be one of the following:
# - FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
# - ASM_STORAGE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType= #自动备份，要求指定使用的文件系统存放数据库文件还是ASM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the database file location which is a directory for datafiles, control
# files, redo logs.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
##使用文件系统存放数据库文件才需要指定数据文件、控制文件、Redo log的存放目录
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the backup and recovery location.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
##使用文件系统存放数据库文件才需要指定备份恢复目录
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the existing ASM disk groups to be used for storage.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
##使用ASM存放数据库文件才需要指定存放的磁盘组
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the password for ASMSNMP user of the ASM instance.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM_SYSTEM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
##使用ASM存放数据库文件才需要指定ASM实例密码
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username.
#
#  Example   : MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=metalink
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME= ##指定metalink账户用户名

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username password.
#
# Example    : MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=password
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD= ## 指定metalink账户密码

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify whether to enable the user to set the password for
# My Oracle Support credentials. The value can be either true or false.
# If left blank it will be assumed to be false.
#
# Example    : SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT= ## 用户是否可以设置metalink密码

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify whether user wants to give any proxy details for connection.
# The value can be either true or false. If left blank it will be assumed
# to be false.
#
# Example    : DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# False表示不需要设置安全更新，注意，在11.2的静默安装中疑似有一个BUG

# Response File中必须指定为true，否则会提示错误,不管是否正确填写了邮件地址

# 这里必须为 true 否则会失败

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Proxy server name. Length should be greater than zero.
#
# Example    : PROXY_HOST=proxy.domain.com
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_HOST=  ##代理服务器名

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy port number. Should be Numeric and atleast  chars.
#
# Example    : PROXY_PORT=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_PORT=  ##代理服务器端口

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy user name. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD
# blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.
#
# Example    : PROXY_USER=username
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_USER=  ##代理服务器用户名

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy password. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD
# blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.
#
# Example    : PROXY_PWD=password
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_PWD=  ##代理服务器密码

10.开始安装oracle11g 容器中没有图形界面，只能静默安装(silent),所以需要配置以上文件

切换到oracle用户下

[root@22edf28f349d oracle]# su oracle
[oracle@22edf28f349d ~]$ cd /

进去刚才解压oracle两个zip包的目标目录，并且进入database目录下 执行安装：

[oracle@22edf28f349d database]$ ls
doc  install  response  rpm  runInstaller  sshsetup  stage  welcome.html

[oracle@22edf28f349d database]$ ./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs -ignorePrereq -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp

安装过程中，如果提示[WARNING]不必理会，此时安装程序仍在进行，如果出现[FATAL]，则安装程序已经停止了。

打开另一个终端，执行
 #tail -100f /home/oracle/inventory/logs/installActions......log
 可以实时跟踪查看安装日志，了解安装的进度。

[root@22edf28f349d /]# tail -100f /tmp/OraInstall2017--08_06--45PM/installActions2017--08_06--45PM.log

安装过程比较花时间，慢慢等待吧。

当出现如下语句就表示安装成功了：

[oracle@22edf28f349d database]$ The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.
 #!/bin/sh
 #Root scripts to run

/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/product/11.2./db_1/root.sh
To execute the configuration scripts:
     . Open a terminal window
     . Log in as "root"
     . Run the scripts
     . Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue 

Successfully Setup Software.

11.按照提示在root用户下执行两个脚本

[root@22edf28f349d /]# /u01/app/product/11.2./db_1/root.sh
Check /u01/app/product/11.2./db_1/install/root_22edf28f349d_2017--08_18--.log for the output of root script

查看日志：

[root@22edf28f349d /]# tail -100f /u01/app/product/11.2./db_1/install/root_22edf28f349d_2017--08_18--.log

Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...

The following environment variables are set as:
    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/product/11.2./db_1

Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Finished product-specific root actions.

执行脚本：

[root@22edf28f349d /]# /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to dba.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@22edf28f349d /]# 

到此oracle11g软件已经安装成功了。。。

12.安装listener

[oracle@22edf28f349d database]$ netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/netca.rsp
UnsatisfiedLinkError exception loading native library: njni11
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /u01/app/product/11.2./db_1/lib/libnjni11.so: libaio.so.: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: jniGetOracleHome
    at oracle.net.common.NetGetEnv.jniGetOracleHome(Native Method)
    at oracle.net.common.NetGetEnv.getOracleHome(Unknown Source)
    at oracle.net.ca.NetCALogger.getOracleHome(NetCALogger.java:)
    at oracle.net.ca.NetCALogger.initOracleParameters(NetCALogger.java:)
    at oracle.net.ca.NetCALogger.initLogger(NetCALogger.java:)
    at oracle.net.ca.NetCA.main(NetCA.java:)

Error: jniGetOracleHome
Oracle Net Services configuration failed.  The exit code is 

安装时报错，按照网上的解决办法：

安装 libaio.so.1 并将 libaio.so.1拷贝到$ORACLE_HOME/lib目录下

[root@22edf28f349d /]# yum -y install libaio*

[oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$ cp /lib64/libaio.so. $ORACLE_HOME/lib

重现安装listener：

[oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$ netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/netca.rsp

Parsing command line arguments:
    Parameter "silent" = true
    Parameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
    Running Listener Control:
      /u01/app/product/11.2./db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
    Listener Control complete.
    Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is
[oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$ 

显示listener安装成功。

查看listener的状态：

[oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1. - Production on -MAR- ::

Copyright (c) , , Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1. - Production
Start Date                -MAR- ::
Uptime                     days  hr.  min.  sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/product/11.2./db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/22edf28f349d/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
[oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$ 

13.使用dbca 静默建库（创建数据库实例）

由于我们在安装数据库的时候在db_install.rsp配置了：

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation option.#选择安装类型：.只装数据库软件 .安装数据库软件并建库 .升级数据库
# It can be one of the following:
# . INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
# . INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG
# . UPGRADE_DB
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

此时还没有数据库和实例，可以通过dbca.rsp 来创建数据库和实例

编辑dbca.rsp文件：

RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"  //不能更改
 OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
 GDBNAME = "orcl"  //数据库的名字
 SID = "orcl"    //对应的实例名字
 TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc" //建库用的模板文件
 SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"   //SYS管理员密码
 SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"  //SYSTEM管理员密码
 DATAFILEDESTINATION =  //数据文件存放目录 默认为 $ORACLE_BASE/oradata
 RECOVERYAREADESTINATION= //恢复数据存放目录 默认为$ORACLE_BASE/flash_recovery_area
 CHARACTERSET = "UTF8"   //字符集，重要!!! 建库后一般不能更改，所以建库前要确定清楚。
 TOTALMEMORY = ""    //oracle内存5120MB

[oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$ dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/dbca.rsp
sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory
sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory
/bin/cat: /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_default: No such file or directory
sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory
sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory
/bin/cat: /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_default: No such file or directory
sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory
sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory
/bin/cat: /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_default: No such file or directory
Copying database files
% complete
% complete
% complete
% complete
% complete
% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
% complete
% complete
% complete
% complete
% complete
% complete
% complete
Completing Database Creation
% complete
% complete
% complete
% complete
% complete
% complete
Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log" for further details.

14.再次查看监听：

[oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$ lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1. - Production on -MAR- ::

Copyright (c) , , Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1. - Production
Start Date                -MAR- ::
Uptime                     days  hr.  min.  sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/product/11.2./db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/22edf28f349d/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=)))
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has  instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status READY, has  handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has  instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status READY, has  handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$ 

15.连接sqlplus

[oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1. Production on Wed Mar  :: 

Copyright (c) , , Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1. - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,
Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select * from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NUMBER INSTANCE_NAME
--------------- ----------------
HOST_NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------
VERSION       STARTUP_T STATUS     PAR    THREAD# ARCHIVE LOG_SWITCH_WAIT
----------------- --------- ------------ --- ---------- ------- ---------------
LOGINS       SHU DATABASE_STATUS     INSTANCE_ROLE        ACTIVE_ST BLO
---------- --- ----------------- ------------------ --------- ---
           orcl
22edf28f349d
11.2.0.1.      -MAR- OPEN     NO           STOPPED
ALLOWED    NO  ACTIVE         PRIMARY_INSTANCE   NORMAL    NO

SQL> 

到此docker下成功完成oracle11g实例的安装完成。

16.建立表空间和用户
在创建之前需要目标目录需要存在即：

[root@7a0b6182a059 orcl]# pwd
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl

并赋予权限：

[root@7a0b6182a059 ~]# chown -R oracle:dba /opt/oracle
[root@7a0b6182a059 ~]# chmod -R  /opt/oracle

创建临时表空间：

SQL> create temporary tablespace user_temp tempfile '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/user_temp.dbf' size 50m
  2  autoextend on
  3  next 50m maxsize 20480m
  4  extent management local;

Tablespace created.

SQL> 

创建数据表空间

SQL> create tablespace user_data
  2  logging
  3  datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/user_data.dbf'
  4  size 50m
  5  autoextend on
  6  next 50m maxsize 20480m
  7  extent management local;

Tablespace created.

SQL> 

创建用户并指定表空间

SQL> create user jzptpub identified by jzptpub
   2  default tablespace user_data
  3  temporary tablespace user_temp;

User created.

给用户授予权限

SQL> grant connect,resource to jzptpub;

Grant succeeded.

此时在其他机器上可以远程登录这个用户，命令为：
 $sqlplus test/test@ip/orcl

17.用新建的用户连接数据库，并建立一个表

$ export NLS_LANG=American_America.AL32UTF8 

注意：UTF8是为了使得sqlplus和linux终端环境一致起来，此时发往数据库的是UTF8，数据库存储前会转为ZHS16GBK.
 当读取时，Sqlplus会把收到的ZHS16GBK转换为UTF8发送到Linux终端。

$sqlplus test/test@ip/orcl

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Mar 14 08:22:11 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
 Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
 With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> create table STUDENT(ID int, NAME varchar(20));

Table created.

SQL> insert into STUDENT values(1, '张三');

1 row created.

SQL> select * from student;

ID NAME
 ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
    1 张三

需要注意的地方：

客户端连接配置tnsname.ora文件
docker =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.114.130)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = oracle11g)
    )
  )

用pl/sql连接

注1:192.168.114.130为宿主机IP,1521也是宿主机端口,而容器中oracle服务端口1521是映射到宿主机的1521端口
注2:在容器中启动listener,要主意$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin下的listener.ora和tnsname.ora文件中的host参数，这个参数不能写成IP,也不能写成/etc/sysconfig/network中的hostname，只能写成
容器启动时的容器ID号,也可在容器中使用命令查看主机信息uname -a
如：
[oracle@d2126eb6637e ~]$ uname -a
Linux d2126eb6637e 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Nov 22 03:15:09 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux