• 01 上节回顾
  • 02 后台管理布局
  • 03 按钮权限控制的简单形式
  • 04 修改表结构
  • 05 重构数据结构
  • 06 限制权限颗粒度

01 上节回顾

1.1 项目的组织架构；

1.2 项目组件的版本说明；

　　使用的是Django1.11.1与最新的Django有区别，请注意。另外Pycharm创建的Django项目一般都是最新的，2018版本Pycharm自带virtualenv环境，无需个人再次安装。如需执行Django版本，可在本机的Python解释器环境下，pip install django=="1.11.1",然后通过Pycharm创建Django项目的时候指定一下内置的Python解释器，见下图。

1.3 settings.py文件说明；

自行配置TEMPLATES中的DIRS；

TEMPLATES = [

    {

        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',

        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]

        ,

        'APP_DIRS': True,

        'OPTIONS': {

            'context_processors': [

                'django.template.context_processors.debug',

                'django.template.context_processors.request',

                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',

                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',

            ],

        },

    },

]

settings.py

"""

Django settings for s9day82_rbac project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.1.

For more information on this file, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/

"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production

# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!

SECRET_KEY = '0s(th#!ewf^xik5n&bqkqqjadz#q*vt+!hq(kzk5*-!t6@^0^i'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!

DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [

    'django.contrib.admin',

    'django.contrib.auth',

    'django.contrib.contenttypes',

    'django.contrib.sessions',

    'django.contrib.messages',

    'django.contrib.staticfiles',

    'app01.apps.App01Config',

    'rbac.apps.RbacConfig',

]

MIDDLEWARE = [

    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',

    'rbac.service.rbac.ValidPermission',

]

from django.middleware.security import SecurityMiddleware

ROOT_URLCONF = 's9day82_rbac.urls'

TEMPLATES = [

    {

        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',

        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]

        ,

        'APP_DIRS': True,

        'OPTIONS': {

            'context_processors': [

                'django.template.context_processors.debug',

                'django.template.context_processors.request',

                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',

                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',

            ],

        },

    },

]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 's9day82_rbac.wsgi.application'

# Database

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {

    'default': {

        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',

        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),

    }

}

# Password validation

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',

    },

]

# Internationalization

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

1.4 urls.py;

"""s9day82_rbac URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:

    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/http/urls/

Examples:

Function views

    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', views.home, name='home')

Class-based views

    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home')

Including another URLconf

    1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))

"""

from django.conf.urls import url

from django.contrib import admin

from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),

    url(r'^users/$', views.users),

    url(r'^users/add', views.add_user),

    url(r'^roles/', views.roles),

    url(r'^login/', views.login),

]

1.5 views.py；

import re

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse

# Create your views here.

from rbac.models import *

from rbac.service.permissions import *

def users(request):

    user_list = User.objects.all()

    return render(request, "users.html", locals())

def add_user(request):

    return HttpResponse("Add User......")

def roles(request):

    role_list = Role.objects.all()

    return render(request, "roles.html......", locals())

def login(request):

    if request.method == "POST":

        user_obj = request.POST.get("user")

        pwd = request.POST.get("pwd")

        user = User.objects.filter(name=user_obj, pwd=pwd).first()

        if user:

            # #################在session中注册用户ID###########################；

            request.session["user_id"] = user.pk

            initial_session(user, request)

            '''

            此处的values()相当于：

            temp = []#定义一个空列表;

            for role in user.roles.all();#values属性，相当于循环该对象[<Role: 保洁>, <Role: 销售>]>

                temp.append({

                "title":role.title,

                "permissions__url":role.permissions.all()

                })

            '''

            return HttpResponse("登录成功！")

    return render(request, "login.html", locals())

1.6 models.py；

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class User(models.Model):

    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    pwd = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    roles = models.ManyToManyField(to="Role")

    def __str__(self):

        return self.name

class Role(models.Model):

    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    permissions = models.ManyToManyField(to="Permission")

    def __str__(self):

        return self.title

class Permission(models.Model):

    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    url = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    def __str__(self):

        return self.title

1.7 templates模板文件；

login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

</head>

<body>

<h4>登录页面</h4>

<form action="" method="post">

    {% csrf_token %}

    用户名:<input type="text" name="user">

    密码:<input type="password" name="pwd">

    <input type="submit">

</form>

</body>

</html>

roles.html

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Users</title>

</head>

<body>

<h4>角色列表</h4>

<ul>

    {% for role in role_list %}

        <p>{{ role }}</p>

    {% endfor %}

</ul>

</body>

</html>

1.8 permissions.py

def initial_session(user, request):

    # #################在session注册权限列表###########################;

    # 查询当前登录用户的所有角色;

    ret = user.roles.all()

    print("ret", ret)  # <QuerySet [<Role: 保洁>, <Role: 销售>]>

    # 查询当前用户的所有权限;

    permissions = user.roles.all().values(

        "permissions__url").distinct()  # ret_role <QuerySet [{'permissions__url': '/users/'},

    #  {'permissions__url': '/users/add'}]>

    # 进行数据的处理,生成列表;

    permission_list = []

    for item in permissions:

        permission_list.append(item["permissions__url"])

    print("permission_list", permission_list)  # permission_list ['/users/', '/users/add']

    request.session["permission_list"] = permission_list

02 后台管理布局

login.html;

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">

</head>

<body>

<h4>登录页面</h4>

<form action="" method="post">

    {% csrf_token %}

    用户名:<input type="text" name="user">

    密码:<input type="password" name="pwd">

    <input type="submit">

</form>

</body>

</html>

base.html;

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Title</title>

    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">

    <!-- 最新版本的 Bootstrap 核心 CSS 文件 -->

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"

          integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">

    <style>

        .header {

            width: 100%;

            height: 60px;

            background-color: #336699;

        }

        .menu {

            background-color: bisque;

            position: fixed;

            top: 60px;

            bottom: 0;

            left: 0;

            width: 200px;

        }

        .content {

            position: fixed;

            top: 60px;

            bottom: 0;

            right: 0;

            left: 200px;

            overflow: auto;

            padding: 30px;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body>

<div class="header">

    <p>{{ user.name }}</p>

</div>

<div class="contain">

    <div class="menu">11</div>

    <div class="content ">

        {% block con %}

        {% endblock %}

    </div>

</div>

</body>

</html>

users.html;

{% extends 'base.html' %}

{% block con %}

    <h4>用户列表</h4>

    {% if per.add  %}

        <a href="/users/add/" class="btn btn-primary">添加用户</a>

    {% endif %}

    <table class="table table-bordered table-striped">

        <thead>

        <tr>

            <th>序号</th>

            <th>姓名</th>

            <th>角色</th>

            <th>操作</th>

        </tr>

        </thead>

        <tbody>

        {% for user in user_list %}

            <tr>

                <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>

                <td>{{ user.name }}</td>

                <td>

                    {% for role in user.roles.all %}

                        {{ role.title }}

                    {% endfor %}

                </td>

                <td>

                    {% if per.delete %}

                        <a href="/users/delete/{{ user.pk }}" class="btn btn-danger">删除</a>

                    {% endif %}

                    {% if per.edit %}

                        <a href="" class="btn btn-info">编辑</a>

                    {% endif %}

                </td>

            </tr>

        {% endfor %}

        </tbody>

    </table>

{% endblock %}

roles.html;

{% extends 'base.html' %}

{% block con %}

    <h4>角色列表</h4>

    {% if per.add %}

        <a href="" class="btn btn-primary">添加角色</a>

    {% endif %}

    <table class="table table-bordered table-striped">

        <tbody>

        {% for role in role_list %}

            <tr>

                <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>

                <td>{{ role.title }}</td>

                <td>

                    <a href="/users/delete/{{ user.pk }}" class="btn btn-danger">删除</a>

                    <a href="" class="btn btn-info">编辑</a>

                </td>

            </tr>

        {% endfor %}

        </tbody>

    </table>

{% endblock %}

03 按钮权限控制的简单形式

1、引入CDN的Bootstrap；

    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">

    <!-- 最新版本的 Bootstrap 核心 CSS 文件 -->

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"

          integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">

04 修改表结构

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class User(models.Model):

    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    pwd = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    roles = models.ManyToManyField(to="Role")

    def __str__(self):

        return self.name

class Role(models.Model):

    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    permissions = models.ManyToManyField(to="Permission")

    def __str__(self):

        return self.title

class Permission(models.Model):

    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    url = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    action = models.CharField(max_length=32, default="")

    group = models.ForeignKey("PermissionGroup", default=1)

    def __str__(self):

        return self.title

class PermissionGroup(models.Model):

    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)

    def __str__(self):

        return self.title

05 重构数据结构

06 限制权限颗粒度

settings.py;

"""

Django settings for s9day82_rbac project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.1.

For more information on this file, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/

"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production

# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!

SECRET_KEY = '0s(th#!ewf^xik5n&bqkqqjadz#q*vt+!hq(kzk5*-!t6@^0^i'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!

DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [

    'django.contrib.admin',

    'django.contrib.auth',

    'django.contrib.contenttypes',

    'django.contrib.sessions',

    'django.contrib.messages',

    'django.contrib.staticfiles',

    'app01.apps.App01Config',

    'rbac.apps.RbacConfig',

]

MIDDLEWARE = [

    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',

    'rbac.service.rbac.ValidPermission',

]

from django.middleware.security import SecurityMiddleware

ROOT_URLCONF = 's9day82_rbac.urls'

TEMPLATES = [

    {

        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',

        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]

        ,

        'APP_DIRS': True,

        'OPTIONS': {

            'context_processors': [

                'django.template.context_processors.debug',

                'django.template.context_processors.request',

                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',

                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',

            ],

        },

    },

]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 's9day82_rbac.wsgi.application'

# Database

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {

    'default': {

        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',

        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),

    }

}

# Password validation

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',

    },

]

# Internationalization

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

urls.py;

"""s9day82_rbac URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:

    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/http/urls/

Examples:

Function views

    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', views.home, name='home')

Class-based views

    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home')

Including another URLconf

    1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))

"""

from django.conf.urls import url

from django.contrib import admin

from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),

    url(r'^users/$', views.users),

    url(r'^users/add', views.add_user),

    url(r'^users/delete/(\d+)', views.del_user),

    url(r'^roles/', views.roles),

    url(r'^login/', views.login),

] 

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