使用poi解决导出excel内下拉框枚举项较多的问题

废话少说，直接上代码：

 package com.fst.attachment.controller;

 import java.io.FileOutputStream;

 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.DVConstraint;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataValidation;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidation;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidationConstraint;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidationHelper;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Name;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidation;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidationConstraint;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidationHelper;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

 public class TestPOIDropDown {

     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         // 创建枚举项
         int len = 200;
         String[] datas = new String[len];
         for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
             datas[i] = i + "我是下拉框枚举项---";
         }

         // ----------------生成--------------------------------
         // 方法一：使用createExplicitListConstraint实现，缺陷为：
         // 只能满足较少枚举项的下拉框，最好不要超过20个，具体个数根据枚举字段长度而定。
         // Workbook workbook = HSSFSetDropDown(datas);
         // Workbook workbook = XSSFSetDropDown(datas);
         // Workbook workbook = SXSSFSetDropDown(datas);
         /*
          * 简单比较HSSF、XSSF、SXSSF： - 由于新的XSSF支持Excel 2007 OOXML（.xlsx）文件是基于XML的，
          * 因此处理它们的内存占用量高于旧版HSSF支持的（.xls）二进制文件。 -
          * SXSSF（3.8-beta3之后支持）在生成非常大的电子表格时使用， 相较于XSSF,其在某个时间点只能访问有限数量的行。
          * http://poi.apache.org/components/spreadsheet/
          */

         // 方法二：使用createFormulaListConstraint实现，其适用于较多枚举项的下拉框，
         // 实现步骤大致为：创建一个隐藏的sheet，并往里放入枚举项，然后在第一个sheet内增加关联关系
         Workbook workbook = XSSFSetDropDownAndHidden(datas);

         // 输出
         FileOutputStream stream = new FileOutputStream("d:\\testDropDown.xlsx");
         workbook.write(stream);
         stream.close();
     }

     /**
      * 使用createFormulaListConstraint实现下拉框
      * @param formulaString
      * @return
      */
     public static Workbook XSSFSetDropDownAndHidden(String[] formulaString) {
         Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
         Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("下拉列表测试");
         // 创建sheet，写入枚举项
         Sheet hideSheet = workbook.createSheet("hiddenSheet");
         for (int i = 0; i < formulaString.length; i++) {
             hideSheet.createRow(i).createCell(0).setCellValue(formulaString[i]);
         }
         // 创建名称，可被其他单元格引用
         Name category1Name = workbook.createName();
         category1Name.setNameName("hidden");
         // 设置名称引用的公式
         // 使用像'A1：B1'这样的相对值会导致在Microsoft Excel中使用工作簿时名称所指向的单元格的意外移动，
         // 通常使用绝对引用，例如'$A$1:$B$1'可以避免这种情况。
         // 参考： http://poi.apache.org/apidocs/dev/org/apache/poi/ss/usermodel/Name.html
         category1Name.setRefersToFormula("hiddenSheet!" + "$A$1:$A$" + formulaString.length);
         // 获取上文名称内数据
         DataValidationHelper helper = sheet.getDataValidationHelper();
         DataValidationConstraint constraint = helper.createFormulaListConstraint("hidden");
         // 设置下拉框位置
         CellRangeAddressList addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(0, 200, 0, 0);
         DataValidation dataValidation = helper.createValidation(constraint, addressList);
         // 处理Excel兼容性问题
         if (dataValidation instanceof XSSFDataValidation) {
             // 数据校验
             dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
             dataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true);
         } else {
             dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);
         }
         // 作用在目标sheet上
         sheet.addValidationData(dataValidation);
         // 设置hiddenSheet隐藏
         workbook.setSheetHidden(1, true);
         return workbook;
     }

     /**
      * 使用较早版本的 HSSF用户模型设置表格下拉框 缺陷：下拉框数据量超过一定数量时，系统抛异常。
      *
      * @param formulaString
      *
      */
     public static Workbook HSSFSetDropDown(String[] formulaString) {
         HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
         HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("下拉列表测试");
         // 加载下拉列表内容
         DVConstraint constraint = DVConstraint.createExplicitListConstraint(formulaString);
         // 设置数据有效性加载在哪个单元格上。
         // 四个参数分别是：起始行、终止行、起始列、终止列
         CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(0, 200, 0, 0);
         // 数据有效性对象
         DataValidation dataValidation = new HSSFDataValidation(regions, constraint);
         sheet.addValidationData(dataValidation);
         return workbook;
     }

     /**
      * 使用 XSSF用户模型设置表格下拉框，多用来处理xlsx后缀的excel 缺陷：下拉框数据量超过一定数量时，文件打不开。
      *
      * @param formulaString
      *
      */
     public static Workbook XSSFSetDropDown(String[] formulaString) {
         XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
         XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("下拉列表测试");
         XSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper = new XSSFDataValidationHelper(sheet);
         XSSFDataValidationConstraint dvConstraint = (XSSFDataValidationConstraint) dvHelper
                 .createExplicitListConstraint(formulaString);
         CellRangeAddressList addressList = null;
         XSSFDataValidation validation = null;
         for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++) {
             addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(i, i, 0, 0);
             validation = (XSSFDataValidation) dvHelper.createValidation(dvConstraint, addressList);
             // 07默认setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
             // validation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
             // validation.setShowErrorBox(true);
             sheet.addValidationData(validation);
         }
         return workbook;
     }

     /**
      * 使用 SXSSF用户模型设置表格下拉框 缺陷：下拉框数据量超过一定数量时，文件打不开。
      *
      * @param formulaString
      *
      */
     public static Workbook SXSSFSetDropDown(String[] formulaString) {
         SXSSFWorkbook workbook = new SXSSFWorkbook();
         Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("下拉列表测试");
         // 加载下拉列表内容
         DataValidationHelper helper = sheet.getDataValidationHelper();
         DataValidationConstraint constraint = helper.createExplicitListConstraint(formulaString);
         // 设置下拉框位置
         CellRangeAddressList addressList = null;
         addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(0, 500, 0, 0);
         DataValidation dataValidation = helper.createValidation(constraint, addressList);
         // 处理Excel兼容性问题
         if (dataValidation instanceof XSSFDataValidation) {
             // 数据校验
             dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
             dataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true);
         } else {
             dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);
         }
         sheet.addValidationData(dataValidation);
         return workbook;
     }

 }

demo：

 package logic.bsc.excelTemplateExport;

 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.PrintWriter;

 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

 import logic.oec.OecToExcel;
 import logic.pxks.ExcelOut;

 import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidation;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidationConstraint;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidationHelper;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidation;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFName;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
 import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

 import com.usrObj.User;
 import com.yunhe.tools.Dates;
 import com.yunhe.tools.Excels;
 import com.yunhe.tools.Htmls;

 public class ExcelTDSExport extends HttpServlet {

     /** 转码成 UTF-8
      * Constructor of the object.
      */
     public ExcelTDSExport() {
         super();
     }

     /** 转码成 UTF-8
      * Destruction of the servlet. <br>
      */
     public void destroy() {
         super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log
         // Put your code here
     }

     /** 转码成 UTF-8
      * The doGet method of the servlet. <br>
      *
      * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get.
      *
      * @param request the request send by the client to the server
      * @param response the response send by the server to the client
      * @throws ServletException if an error occurred
      * @throws IOException if an error occurred
      */
     public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
             throws ServletException, IOException {

          String[] formulaString = new String[] {"维持","恢复","调整","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111"};

          XSSFWorkbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
          XSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("下拉列表测试");
             // 创建sheet，写入枚举项
          XSSFSheet hideSheet = wb.createSheet("hiddenSheet");
             for (int i = 0; i < formulaString.length; i++) {
                 hideSheet.createRow(i).createCell(0).setCellValue(formulaString[i]);
             }
             // 创建名称，可被其他单元格引用
             XSSFName  category1Name = wb.createName();
             category1Name.setNameName("hidden");
             // 设置名称引用的公式
             // 使用像'A1：B1'这样的相对值会导致在Microsoft Excel中使用工作簿时名称所指向的单元格的意外移动，
             // 通常使用绝对引用，例如'$A$1:$B$1'可以避免这种情况。
             // 参考： http://poi.apache.org/apidocs/dev/org/apache/poi/ss/usermodel/Name.html
             category1Name.setRefersToFormula("hiddenSheet!" + "$A$1:$A$" + formulaString.length);
             // 获取上文名称内数据
             DataValidationHelper helper = sheet.getDataValidationHelper();
             DataValidationConstraint constraint = helper.createFormulaListConstraint("hidden");
             // 设置下拉框位置
             CellRangeAddressList addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(0, 200, 0, 0);
             DataValidation dataValidation = helper.createValidation(constraint, addressList);
             // 处理Excel兼容性问题
             if (dataValidation instanceof XSSFDataValidation) {
                 // 数据校验
                 dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
                 dataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true);
             } else {
                 dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);
             }
             // 作用在目标sheet上
             sheet.addValidationData(dataValidation);
             // 设置hiddenSheet隐藏
             wb.setSheetHidden(1, true);

 //        //工作区
 //        XSSFWorkbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
 //        XSSFSheet sheet= wb.createSheet("test");
 //        //如果循环超过10172次，则报内存溢出，有谁循环超过10万次不报错，麻烦请告诉我，这样是因为可以一次性导出大量数据
 //        for(int i=0;i<2;i++){
 //            //创建第一个sheet
 //            //生成第一行
 //            XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(i);
 //            //给这一行的第一列赋值
 //            row.createCell(0).setCellValue("column1");
 //            //给这一行的第一列赋值
 //            row.createCell(1).setCellValue("column2");
 //        }
 //
 //
 //
 //        //String[] formulaString = new String[] {"维持","恢复","调整","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111","调整111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111"};
 //        XSSFSheet category1Hidden = wb.createSheet("hideSheet"); // 创建隐藏域
 //        for (int i = 0, length = formulaString.length; i < length; i++) { // 循环赋值（为了防止下拉框的行数与隐藏域的行数相对应来获取>=选中行数的数组，将隐藏域加到结束行之后）
 //            category1Hidden.createRow(i).createCell(0).setCellValue(formulaString[i]);
 //        }
 //        

 //      //加载下拉列表内容
 //        DataValidationHelper helper = sheet.getDataValidationHelper();
 //        DataValidationConstraint constraint = helper.createExplicitListConstraint(formulaString);
 //        //设置下拉框位置
 //        CellRangeAddressList addressList = null;
 //        addressList = new CellRangeAddressList(0, 10, 1, 1);
 //        DataValidation dataValidation = helper.createValidation(constraint, addressList);
 //        //处理Excel兼容性问题
 //        if(dataValidation instanceof XSSFDataValidation){
 //            //数据校验
 //            dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
 //            dataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true);
 //        }else{
 //            dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);
 //        }
 //        sheet.addValidationData(dataValidation);

         String fileHeader = "abc";
         if(fileHeader==null||fileHeader.length()==0){
             fileHeader = "";
         }
         String fullname = fileHeader + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".xlsx";// 生成文件名
         if (request.getHeader("User-Agent").indexOf("MSIE 5.5") != -1) {
             response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "filename=" + fullname);
         } else {
             response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="
                     + fullname);
         }

         response.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/msexcel");
         ServletOutputStream streamOut = null;

         try {
             streamOut = response.getOutputStream();
             wb.write(streamOut);// 将数据写入输出流
         } catch (Exception e) {
         } finally {
             if (streamOut != null) {
                 try {
                     streamOut.close();
                 } catch (Exception e1) {
                 }
             }
         }

         response.setStatus(response.SC_OK);

         try {
             response.flushBuffer();// 推送
         } catch (IOException e) {
             // TODO Auto-generated catch block
             e.printStackTrace();
         }

     }

     /** 转码成 UTF-8
      * The doPost method of the servlet. <br>
      *
      * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post.
      *
      * @param request the request send by the client to the server
      * @param response the response send by the server to the client
      * @throws ServletException if an error occurred
      * @throws IOException if an error occurred
      */
     public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
             throws ServletException, IOException {

         doGet(request, response);
     }

     /** 转码成 UTF-8
      * The doPut method of the servlet. <br>
      *
      * This method is called when a HTTP put request is received.
      *
      * @param request the request send by the client to the server
      * @param response the response send by the server to the client
      * @throws ServletException if an error occurred
      * @throws IOException if an error occurred
      */
     public void doPut(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
             throws ServletException, IOException {

         // Put your code here
     }

     /** 转码成 UTF-8
      * Returns information about the servlet, such as
      * author, version, and copyright.
      *
      * @return String information about this servlet
      */
     public String getServletInfo() {
         return "This is my default servlet created by Eclipse";
     }

     /** 转码成 UTF-8
      * Initialization of the servlet. <br>
      *
      * @throws ServletException if an error occurs
      */
     public void init() throws ServletException {
         // Put your code here
     }

 }

参考
http://poi.apache.org/apidocs/dev/org/apache/poi/ss/usermodel/Name.html
http://poi.apache.org/components/spreadsheet/
最后
转帖请注明出处，谢谢
---------------------
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/fei565789229/article/details/85016091