WPF 截屏软件开发

最近由于工程需要开始研发基于Windows的自动录屏软件，很多细节很多功能需要处理，毕竟一个完美的录屏软件不是你随随便便就可以写出来的。首先参考了大部分的录屏软件，在研发的过程中遇到了很多的问题；比如-视频加载、麦克风加载、麦克风音量调节、视频播放进度控、视频音量控制、等等很多细节部分都需要好好规划才能开始做。录屏采用的是视频帧的思维逻辑进行编写的。

目前已经基本上成型，基于WPF采用了Model - View框架进行动态加载，每个线程与线程之间采用Async异步执行，并使用线程等待；录屏基本功能包含了（展示历史录屏记录、删除、录屏、视频编码、视频播放及删除、麦克风调用（音量调节-跟随系统）、加载视频（拖拉-旋转）、系统遮罩 等）；编码的核心是采用FFMPEG（这个工具真的非常强大）;

这边提供几个核心代码仅供参考：

1-难点：系统遮罩核心方法（使用Windows API）:

         /// <summary>
         /// 视图模型属性改变
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="sender">
         /// The sender.
         /// </param>
         /// <param name="propertyChangedEventArgs">
         /// 属性改变事件参数
         /// </param>
         private void ViewModelOnPropertyChanged(object sender, PropertyChangedEventArgs propertyChangedEventArgs)
         {
             if (propertyChangedEventArgs.PropertyName == "IsRecording")
             {
                 this.Locked = this.ViewModel.IsRecording;
                 if (this.ViewModel.IsRecording)
                 {
                    var hwnd = new WindowInteropHelper(this).Handle;
                     NativeWindowHelper.SetWindowExTransparent(hwnd);
                 }
             }

             if (propertyChangedEventArgs.PropertyName == "IsFullScreen")
             {
                 this.IsFullScreen = this.ViewModel.IsFullScreen;
             }
         }

改变属性的时候触发

         #region Constants

         /// <summary>
         ///     The gw l_ exstyle.
         /// </summary>
         [SuppressMessage("StyleCop.CSharp.NamingRules", "SA1310:FieldNamesMustNotContainUnderscore",
             Justification = "Reviewed. Suppression is OK here.")]
         private const int GWL_EXSTYLE = -;

         /// <summary>
         ///     The w s_ e x_ transparent.
         /// </summary>
         [SuppressMessage("StyleCop.CSharp.NamingRules", "SA1310:FieldNamesMustNotContainUnderscore",
             Justification = "Reviewed. Suppression is OK here.")]
         private const int WS_EX_TRANSPARENT = 0x00000020;

         #endregion

         #region Public Methods and Operators

         /// <summary>
         /// 窗口前置透明设置命令
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="hwnd">
         /// The hwnd.
         /// </param>
         public static void SetWindowExTransparent(IntPtr hwnd)
         {
             var extendedStyle = GetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_EXSTYLE);
             SetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_EXSTYLE, extendedStyle | WS_EX_TRANSPARENT);
         }

         #endregion

         #region Methods

         /// <summary>
         /// The get window long.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="hwnd">
         /// The hwnd.
         /// </param>
         /// <param name="index">
         /// The index.
         /// </param>
         /// <returns>
         /// The <see cref="int"/>.
         /// </returns>
         [DllImport("user32.dll")]
         private static extern int GetWindowLong(IntPtr hwnd, int index);

         /// <summary>
         /// The set window long.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="hwnd">
         /// The hwnd.
         /// </param>
         /// <param name="index">
         /// The index.
         /// </param>
         /// <param name="newStyle">
         /// The new style.
         /// </param>
         /// <returns>
         /// The <see cref="int"/>.
         /// </returns>
         [DllImport("user32.dll")]
         private static extern int SetWindowLong(IntPtr hwnd, int index, int newStyle);

         #endregion

API方法

2-难点：麦克风获取及控制

<Slider x:Name="volumeSlider" Grid.Column="" Grid.ColumnSpan="" Grid.Row="" Width="" Height="" Minimum="" Maximum="" Value="" VerticalAlignment="Center" />

  //定义一个获取之前拉动时候的value值，然后跟当前的value对比，选择触发
         private bool isUserChangeVolume = true;
         private VolumeControl volumeControl;
         //private DispatcherTimer volumeControlTimer;

         /// <summary>
         /// 加载拖动条的事件
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="sender"></param>
         /// <param name="e"></param>
         private void volumeSlider_ValueChanged(object sender, RoutedPropertyChangedEventArgs<double> e)
         {
             if (isUserChangeVolume)
             {
                 volumeControl.MasterVolume = volumeSlider.Value;
             }
         }

         private void InitializeAudioControl()
         {
             volumeControl = VolumeControl.Instance;
             volumeControl.OnAudioNotification += volumeControl_OnAudioNotification;
             volumeControl_OnAudioNotification(null, new AudioNotificationEventArgs() { MasterVolume = volumeControl.MasterVolume });

             //volumeControlTimer = new DispatcherTimer();
             //volumeControlTimer.Interval = TimeSpan.FromTicks(150);
             //volumeControlTimer.Tick += volumeControlTimer_Tick;
         }

         void volumeControl_OnAudioNotification(object sender, AudioNotificationEventArgs e)
         {
             this.isUserChangeVolume = false;
             try
             {
                 this.Dispatcher.Invoke(new Action(() => { volumeSlider.Value = e.MasterVolume; }));
             }
             catch { }
             this.isUserChangeVolume = true;
         }

         void volumeControlTimer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
         {
             //获取系统主声道、左声道、右声道音量值
             //double[] information = volumeControl.AudioMeterInformation;
             //mMasterPBar.Value = information[0];
             //mLeftPBar.Value = information[1];
             //mRightPBar.Value = information[2];
         }

3-难点：系统遮罩（其实也不能算难点，这个是API调用的时候颜色控制）;

4-难点：视频旋转核心代码(已更新为方法8)

  /// <summary>
         /// 旋转视频
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="sender"></param>
         /// <param name="e"></param>
         private void RotateCamera_bt(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
         {
             if (AnAngle >  || AnAngle == )
             {
                 AnAngle = ;
             }
             TransformGroup transformGroup = new TransformGroup();

             ScaleTransform scaleTransform = new ScaleTransform();
             scaleTransform.ScaleX = -;
             transformGroup.Children.Add(scaleTransform);

             RotateTransform rotateTransform = new RotateTransform(AnAngle);
             transformGroup.Children.Add(rotateTransform);
             videoPlayer.RenderTransform = transformGroup;
             AnAngle += ;
         }

旋转视频代码

5-难点：录屏核心代码（这部分代码视频格式可以自行调整，颜色代码原理已经理解。）--已更新为方法10

  /// <summary>
         ///     Starts the recording.
         /// </summary>
         public void StartRecording()
         {
             this.notifyIcon.HideBalloonTip();
             this.IsRecording = true;

             var fileName = string.Format("Recording {0}.mp4", DateTime.Now.ToString("yy-MM-dd HH-mm-ss"));
             var outputFilePath = Path.Combine(this.settings.StoragePath, fileName);
             this.fileViewModel = new ScreenGunFileViewModel(outputFilePath, RecordingStage.DoingNothing);

             var opts = new ScreenRecorderOptions(this.RecordingRegion)
             {
                 DeleteMaterialWhenDone = true,
                 OutputFilePath = outputFilePath,
                 RecordMicrophone = this.UseMicrophone,
                 AudioRecordingDeviceNumber = this.settings.RecordingDeviceNumber
             };

             var progress = new Progress<RecorderState>(state => this.fileViewModel.RecordingStage = state.Stage);
             this.recorder.Start(opts, progress);
         }

录屏代码

6-难点：屏幕画框代码(采集X,Y坐标及遮幕的宽,高)

  /// <summary>
         ///     设置初始区域
         /// </summary>
         private void SetupInitialRegion()
         {
             var cursorPos = System.Windows.Forms.Cursor.Position;
             foreach (var screen in Screen.AllScreens)
             {
                 if (screen.Bounds.Contains(cursorPos) == false)
                 {
                     continue;
                 }

                 var regionWidth = (double)screen.Bounds.Width / ;
                 var regionHeight = (double)screen.Bounds.Height / ;
                 double x = ((double)screen.Bounds.Width / ) - (regionWidth / );
                 double y = ((double)screen.Bounds.Height / ) - (regionHeight / );
                 x -= this.virtualScreen.X - screen.Bounds.X;
                 y -= this.virtualScreen.Y - screen.Bounds.Y;

                 this.startPosition = new Point(x, y);
                 this.endPosition = new Point(x + regionWidth, y + regionHeight);
                 this.UpdatePosition();
                 break;
             }
         }

7-放大缩小(根据屏幕大小范围随意拉伸缩小)  核心代码如下：

当你有摄像头长跟宽不一样的时候，旋转-缩小-放大然后根据给定的边缘坐标是一个非常头疼的事情，单单这个问题就使我加班到凌晨4点了，不过最终还是解决了；

   void resizer_Resize(object sender, ControlResizeEventArgs e)
         {
             if (!this.RectangleU.IsMouseCaptured) return;
             if (AnAngle ==  || AnAngle == )
             {
                 #region --竖直拉伸--
                 double Image_xx = ;
                 double Image_yy = ;
                 double point_xx = ;
                 double point_yy = ;
                 double point_center = Math.Abs(this.MainGrid.Width /  - this.MainGrid.Height / );//当前中心点值
                 double actual_center = Math.Abs(this.videoPlayer.MinWidth /  - this.videoPlayer.MinHeight / );//实际中心点，用于比较初始值

                 if (Math.Abs(Image_PointX) == )
                 {
                     point_xx = -;//初始化原点未动
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     //拖动到其他位置时偏移量(必须是固定值)
                     if (Image_PointX < -)
                     {
                         point_xx = -;
                     }
                     else
                     {
                         point_xx = Image_PointX;
                     }
                 }

                 if (Math.Abs(Image_PointY) == )
                 {
                     point_yy = -;//初始化原点未动
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     //拖动到其他位置时偏移量(必须是固定值)
                     if (Image_PointY < -)
                     {
                         point_yy = -;
                     }
                     else
                     {
                         point_yy = Image_PointY;
                     }

                 }
                 if (Math.Abs(point_xx) == )
                 {
                     Image_xx = videoPlayer.ActualHeight;
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     Image_xx = videoPlayer.ActualHeight + Math.Abs(Image_PointX) - ;
                 }
                 if (Math.Abs(point_yy) == )
                 {
                     Image_yy = videoPlayer.ActualWidth;
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     Image_yy = Math.Abs(Image_PointY) + videoPlayer.ActualWidth - ;
                 }

                 //左右拉伸(只能往右拉伸)
                 if (e.LeftDirection.HasValue)
                 {
                     var value = videoPlayer.Height + e.HorizontalChange;
                     if (value > videoPlayer.MinHeight)
                     {
                         videoPlayer.Height = value;
                         MainGrid.Height = value;
                         if (videoPlayer.ActualHeight < value)
                         {
                             MainGrid.Height = videoPlayer.ActualHeight;
                         }
                         if (Image_xx >= RecordingArea.Width)
                         {
                             MainGrid.Height = videoPlayer.ActualHeight;
                             videoPlayer.Height = videoPlayer.ActualHeight;
                         }
                     }
                 }
                 //上下拉伸(只能往上拉伸)
                 if (e.TopDirection.HasValue)
                 {
                     var value = videoPlayer.Width + e.VerticalChange;
                     if (value > videoPlayer.MinWidth)
                     {
                         videoPlayer.Width = value;
                         MainGrid.Width = value;
                         if (videoPlayer.ActualWidth < value)
                         {
                             MainGrid.Width = videoPlayer.ActualWidth;
                         }

                         if (Image_yy >= RecordingArea.Height)
                         {
                             MainGrid.Width = videoPlayer.ActualWidth;
                             videoPlayer.Width = videoPlayer.ActualWidth;
                         }

                     }
                 }

                 #region 调整位置

                 Matrix m = MainGrid.RenderTransform.Value;

                 //初始值(-25,-25)-->(x,y)
                 if ((Image_xx >= RecordingArea.Width) || Image_yy >= RecordingArea.Height)
                 {

                 }
                 else
                 {
                     if (point_center >= actual_center)
                     {
                         // (point_center - actual_center)为x-y轴偏移量
                         //point_xx--point_yy为当前x,y轴坐标
                         m.OffsetX = point_xx - (point_center - actual_center);
                         m.OffsetY = point_yy - (point_center - actual_center);

                     }
                 }
                 MainGrid.RenderTransform = new MatrixTransform(m);//重新定位

                 #endregion

                 #endregion
             }
             else
             {
                 #region --正常拉伸--
                 //左右拉伸(只能往右拉伸)
                 if (e.LeftDirection.HasValue)
                 {
                     var value = videoPlayer.Width + e.HorizontalChange;
                     if (value > videoPlayer.MinWidth)
                     {
                         videoPlayer.Width = value;
                         MainGrid.Width = value;
                         if (videoPlayer.ActualWidth < value)
                         {
                             MainGrid.Width = videoPlayer.ActualWidth;
                         }
                         if (Image_PointX + videoPlayer.ActualWidth >= RecordingArea.Width)
                         {
                             MainGrid.Width = videoPlayer.ActualWidth;
                             videoPlayer.Width = videoPlayer.ActualWidth;
                         }
                     }
                 }
                 //上下拉伸(只能往上拉伸)
                 if (e.TopDirection.HasValue)
                 {
                     var value = videoPlayer.Height + e.VerticalChange;
                     if (value > videoPlayer.MinHeight)
                     {
                         videoPlayer.Height = value;
                         MainGrid.Height = value;
                         if (videoPlayer.ActualHeight < value)
                         {
                             MainGrid.Height = videoPlayer.ActualHeight;
                         }

                         if (Math.Abs(Image_PointY) + videoPlayer.ActualHeight >= RecordingArea.Height)
                         {
                             MainGrid.Height = videoPlayer.ActualHeight;
                             videoPlayer.Height = videoPlayer.ActualHeight;
                         }

                     }
                 }
                 #endregion
             }
         }

放大缩小-分长宽不一致情况

8-旋转，核心代码如下：

        private void RotateCamera_bt(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
         {
             if (MainGrid.ActualWidth > SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenHeight)
             {
                 return;
             }
             if (AnAngle >  || AnAngle == )
             {
                 AnAngle = ;
             }

             TransformGroup transformGroup = new TransformGroup();
             RotateTransform rotateTransform = new RotateTransform(AnAngle);
             transformGroup.Children.Add(rotateTransform);
             MainGrid.RenderTransform = transformGroup;
             #region 特殊四个角反转需要变换长跟宽
             //重新调整坐标坐标位置
             Matrix m = MainGrid.RenderTransform.Value;
             //求出中心点坐标
             double point_xx = (this.MainGrid.ActualWidth) /  - (this.MainGrid.ActualHeight) / ;
             // Image_PointX,Image_Point为当前坐标
             if (AnAngle ==  || AnAngle == )
             {
                 if (AnAngle == )
                 {
                     RectangleU.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Bottom;
                     RectangleU.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Right;
                     RectangleU.BorderThickness = new Thickness(, , , );
                     RectangleU.CornerRadius = new CornerRadius(, , , );

                 }
                 else
                 {
                     RectangleU.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;
                     RectangleU.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Left;
                     RectangleU.BorderThickness = new Thickness(, , , );
                     RectangleU.CornerRadius = new CornerRadius(, , , );

                 }
                 if (!IschangeAngle)
                 {
                     if (Image_PointX <= -point_xx)
                     {
                         m.OffsetX = -point_xx;
                     }
                     else
                     {
                         m.OffsetX = Image_PointX - point_xx;
                     }
                     if (Image_PointY >= -point_xx)
                     {
                         m.OffsetY = -point_xx;
                     }
                     else
                     {
                         m.OffsetY = Image_PointY + point_xx;
                     }

                     if (m.OffsetX >= this.RecordingArea.Width - this.videoPlayer.Width - point_xx)
                     {
                         m.OffsetX = m.OffsetX + point_xx * ;

                     }
                     if (m.OffsetY >= -point_xx)
                     {
                         m.OffsetY = -point_xx;
                     }
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     //旋转为竖直拉到某个坐标时触发
                     if (Image_PointX <= -point_xx)
                     {
                         m.OffsetX = -point_xx;
                     }
                     else
                     {
                         m.OffsetX = Image_PointX;
                     }
                     if (Image_PointY >= point_xx)
                     {
                         m.OffsetY = -point_xx;
                     }
                     else
                     {
                         m.OffsetY = Image_PointY;
                     }
                 }

                 if (this.MainGrid.Width >= this.RecordingArea.Height)
                 {
                     //触发
                     //相对于屏幕的x,y轴不变
                     m.OffsetX = -point_xx;
                     m.OffsetY = -point_xx;

                 }

             }
             else
             {
                 if (AnAngle == )
                 {
                     RectangleU.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Bottom;
                     RectangleU.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Left;
                     RectangleU.BorderThickness = new Thickness(, , , );
                     RectangleU.CornerRadius = new CornerRadius(, , , );

                 }
                 else
                 {
                     RectangleU.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;
                     RectangleU.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Right;
                     RectangleU.BorderThickness = new Thickness(, , , );
                     RectangleU.CornerRadius = new CornerRadius(, , , );

                 }
                 if (IschangeAngle)
                 {
                     if (this.MainGrid.Width >= this.RecordingArea.Height)
                     {
                         Image_PointX = ;
                     }
                     else
                     {
                         if (Image_PointX + this.videoPlayer.Width > this.RecordingArea.Width)
                         {
                             m.OffsetX = Image_PointX - point_xx;
                         }
                         else
                         {
                             m.OffsetX = Image_PointX + point_xx;
                         }
                     }
                     //旋转为竖直拉到某个坐标时触发
                     if (Image_PointY >= -point_xx)
                     {
                         m.OffsetY = ;
                     }
                     else
                     {
                         m.OffsetY = Image_PointY - point_xx;
                     }

                 }
                 else
                 {

                     if (this.MainGrid.Width >= this.RecordingArea.Width)
                     {
                         m.OffsetX = ;
                         m.OffsetY = ;
                     }
                     else
                     {
                         //正常情况
                         if (Image_PointX <= )
                         {
                             m.OffsetX = ;
                         }
                         else
                         {
                             m.OffsetX = Image_PointX;
                         }
                         if (Image_PointY >= )
                         {
                             m.OffsetY = ;
                         }
                         else
                         {
                             m.OffsetY = Image_PointY;
                         }
                     }
                 }
             }
             //IschangeAngle = false;
             //更换坐标位置
             MainGrid.RenderTransform = new MatrixTransform(m);

             var x = Math.Min(this.startPosition.X, this.endPosition.X);
             var y = Math.Min(this.startPosition.Y, this.endPosition.Y);
             if (AnAngle ==  || AnAngle == )
             {
                 if (this.MainGrid.Width >= this.RecordingArea.Height)
                 {
                     this.relativeRecordingArea = new Rect(x, y, this.MainGrid.Height, this.MainGrid.Width);
                     this.UpdateUI();
                 }
             }
             else
             {
                 if (this.MainGrid.Width >= this.RecordingArea.Width)
                 {
                     this.relativeRecordingArea = new Rect(x, y, this.MainGrid.Width, this.MainGrid.Height);
                     this.UpdateUI();
                 }
             }
             //UpdatePosition();

             AnAngle += ;
             #endregion
         }

旋转代码-分长宽不一致情况

9-不同屏幕百分比自适应边框-采用DPIX

这个稍微简单点：只要获取出每个屏幕差值即可。

dpiX = graphics.DpiX / 96;//当前屏幕的DPI然后除以正常值96得出的值即为扩展百分比

10-录屏核心代码:(不采用之前的位图编译，直接通过引用第三方插件)

通过AForge对FFMPEG进行录屏封装，我们可以轻松的录制想要录制的内容，关于录屏时间上则采用的是异步执行Timer。

  private void video_NewFrame(object sender, NewFrameEventArgs e)
        {
            //if (this.IScreenRecording)
            //{
            this.videoWriter.WriteVideoFrame(e.Frame);
            //异步执行时间
            this.stopWatchLabel.Dispatcher.Invoke(new Action
                   (() => this.stopWatchLabel.Text = string.Format
                       (@"{0}", this.stopWatch.Elapsed.ToString("hh\\:mm\\:ss"))));
            //}
            //else
            //{
            //    stopWatch.Reset();
            //    videoStreamer.Stop();
            //    videoWriter.Close();
            //}
        }

11-比较重要的一步：任何商用的录屏软件都需要实现播放、暂停、继续功能，这款软件也不例外：

   /// <summary>
        /// 点击之后更换图标并判断是否需要停止or启用
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void PauseOrRecording_Checked(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {

            //暂停计时
            //暂停保存图片
            //暂停保存麦克风
            if (IScreenRecording)
            {
                this.stopWatch.Stop();//时间表
                                      //this.videoStreamer.Stop();
                this.videoStreamer.SignalToStop();

                if (PassMediaMessage.IsrecordingSound)
                {
                    //暂停

                    PassMediaMessage.IsrecordingSound = false;
                    PassMediaMessage.Is_Recording = false;
                }
                IScreenRecording = false;
            }
            else
            {
                if (this.IsMicrophone.IsChecked == true)
                {
                    PassMediaMessage.IsrecordingSound = true;
                    PassMediaMessage.Is_Recording = true;
                }
                //启用(只是暂停并没有真正的释放)
                this.stopWatch.Start();//时间表
                this.videoStreamer.Start();
                IScreenRecording = true;
            }
        }

12-由于我们软件是面向世界的，所以必须有增加世界12国语言支持，这边就不再详细贴出代码了。

13-整体效果展示：