作者:zhanhailiang 日期:2014-11-01

1. host

  1. host提供域名到IP地址的双向解析;
  2. host默认通过/etc/resolv.conf读取Name Server来解析,除非提供可选參数server。
  3. -a參数相当于进行ANY查询。
[root@~]# host pic1.vip.com
pic1.vip.com is an alias for pic1.vip.com.wscdns.com.
pic1.vip.com.wscdns.com is an alias for vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com.
vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com has address 111.206.217.105
vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com has address 125.39.1.138
vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com has address 218.59.186.76
vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com has address 111.206.169.23
[root@~]# host pic1.vip.com 8.8.8.8
Using domain server:
Name: 8.8.8.8
Address: 8.8.8.8#53
Aliases:
 
pic1.vip.com is an alias for pic1.vip.com.wscdns.com.
pic1.vip.com.wscdns.com is an alias for vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com.
vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com has address 125.39.1.138
vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com has address 111.206.169.23
vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com has address 111.206.217.105
vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com has address 218.59.186.76
[root@~]# host -a pic1.vip.com 8.8.8.8
Trying "pic1.vip.com"
Using domain server:
Name: 8.8.8.8
Address: 8.8.8.8#53
Aliases:
 
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 39471
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
 
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;pic1.vip.com. IN ANY
 
;; ANSWER SECTION:
pic1.vip.com. 3975 IN CNAME pic1.vip.com.wscdns.com.
 
Received 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53 in 412 ms

2. nslookup

  1. nslookup提供交互式和非交互式两种查询方式;
[root@~]# nslookup
> pic1.vip.com
Server: 10.202.72.116
Address: 10.202.72.116#53
 
Non-authoritative answer:
pic1.vip.com canonical name = pic1.vip.com.wscdns.com.
pic1.vip.com.wscdns.com canonical name = vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com.
Name: vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com
Address: 125.39.1.138
Name: vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com
Address: 218.59.186.76
Name: vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com
Address: 111.206.169.23
Name: vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com
Address: 111.206.217.105
> exit
 
[root@~]# nslookup pic1.vip.com
Server: 10.202.72.116
Address: 10.202.72.116#53
 
Non-authoritative answer:
pic1.vip.com canonical name = pic1.vip.com.wscdns.com.
pic1.vip.com.wscdns.com canonical name = vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com.
Name: vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com
Address: 111.206.217.105
Name: vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com
Address: 125.39.1.138
Name: vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com
Address: 218.59.186.76
Name: vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com
Address: 111.206.169.23

3. dig

watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvYmlsbGZlbGxlcg==/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/SouthEast" alt="">

  1. dig是一个询问DNS域名服务的灵活工具,提供了来自被要求的,返回名称服务DNS的查询和显示的答案。大多数DNS管理员使用dig来排除DNS故障和问题;
  2. 其基本用法:dig [@server] name [type]。

1. 普通使用方法:dig pic1.vip.com

[root@~]# dig pic1.vip.com
 
; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.23.rc1.el6_5.1 <<>> pic1.vip.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 65138
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 6, AUTHORITY: 5, ADDITIONAL: 5
 
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;pic1.vip.com. IN A
 
;; ANSWER SECTION:
pic1.vip.com. 4518 IN CNAME pic1.vip.com.wscdns.com.
pic1.vip.com.wscdns.com. 28 IN CNAME vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com.
vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com. 120 IN A 218.59.186.76
vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com. 120 IN A 111.206.169.23
vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com. 120 IN A 111.206.217.105
vipshop.xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com. 120 IN A 125.39.1.138
 
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com. 162890 IN NS ns1.glb0.lxdns.com.
xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com. 162890 IN NS ns4.glb0.lxdns.com.
xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com. 162890 IN NS ns3.glb0.lxdns.com.
xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com. 162890 IN NS ns5.glb0.lxdns.com.
xdwscache.glb0.lxdns.com. 162890 IN NS ns2.glb0.lxdns.com.
 
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
ns1.glb0.lxdns.com. 400 IN A 218.60.106.128
ns2.glb0.lxdns.com. 400 IN A 111.206.217.82
ns3.glb0.lxdns.com. 400 IN A 101.227.66.164
ns4.glb0.lxdns.com. 400 IN A 111.206.217.82
ns5.glb0.lxdns.com. 400 IN A 222.132.5.102
 
;; Query time: 21 msec
;; SERVER: 10.202.72.116#53(10.202.72.116)
;; WHEN: Sat Nov 1 00:42:27 2014
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 341

2. 进行ANY查询:

[root@~]# dig vip.com ANY
 
; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.23.rc1.el6_5.1 <<>> vip.com ANY
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 59219
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 7, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 2
 
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;vip.com. IN ANY
 
;; ANSWER SECTION:
vip.com. 171039 IN NS ns7.vipshop.com.
vip.com. 171039 IN NS ns8.vipshop.com.
vip.com. 4451 IN A 183.61.89.84
vip.com. 4451 IN A 183.61.89.20
vip.com. 4451 IN TXT "v=spf1 ip4:122.11.55.162 ip4:180.186.22.7 ip4:122.11.55.163 ip4:210.21.83.149 ip4:210.21.83.150 ip4:183.61.189.204 ip4:121.11.65.219 ip4:61.155.128.141 include:easeye-edm.com a mx ~all"
vip.com. 4451 IN MX 1 mail.vip.com.
vip.com. 4451 IN SOA ns7.vip.com. it.vip.com. 2014103116 1800 600 604800 1200
 
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
vip.com. 171039 IN NS ns8.vipshop.com.
vip.com. 171039 IN NS ns7.vipshop.com.
 
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
ns7.vipshop.com. 13022 IN A 14.17.85.62
ns8.vipshop.com. 13022 IN A 183.61.89.62
 
;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 10.202.72.116#53(10.202.72.116)
;; WHEN: Sat Nov 1 00:42:41 2014
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 425

3. 使用+trace參数,追踪查询过程:

[root@~]# dig pic1.vip.com +trace
 
; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.23.rc1.el6_5.1 <<>> pic1.vip.com +trace
;; global options: +cmd
. 483723 IN NS e.root-servers.net.
. 483723 IN NS g.root-servers.net.
. 483723 IN NS m.root-servers.net.
. 483723 IN NS a.root-servers.net.
. 483723 IN NS b.root-servers.net.
. 483723 IN NS c.root-servers.net.
. 483723 IN NS i.root-servers.net.
. 483723 IN NS f.root-servers.net.
. 483723 IN NS j.root-servers.net.
. 483723 IN NS k.root-servers.net.
. 483723 IN NS l.root-servers.net.
. 483723 IN NS h.root-servers.net.
. 483723 IN NS d.root-servers.net.
;; Received 496 bytes from 10.202.72.116#53(10.202.72.116) in 1 ms
 
com. 172800 IN NS a.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS b.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS c.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS d.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS e.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS f.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS g.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS h.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS i.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS j.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS k.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS l.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS m.gtld-servers.net.
;; Received 490 bytes from 199.7.83.42#53(199.7.83.42) in 27 ms
 
vip.com. 172800 IN NS ns7.vipshop.com.
vip.com. 172800 IN NS ns8.vipshop.com.
;; Received 106 bytes from 192.43.172.30#53(192.43.172.30) in 291 ms
 
pic1.vip.com. 7200 IN CNAME pic1.vip.com.wscdns.com.
;; Received 64 bytes from 183.61.89.62#53(183.61.89.62) in 37 ms

4. 指定name server,使用+trace參数,能够看到第一步是通过指定的@server查询根服务器:

[root@~]# dig @8.8.8.8 pic1.vip.com +trace
 
; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.23.rc1.el6_5.1 <<>> @8.8.8.8 pic1.vip.com +trace
; (1 server found)
;; global options: +cmd
. 18601 IN NS a.root-servers.net.
. 18601 IN NS b.root-servers.net.
. 18601 IN NS c.root-servers.net.
. 18601 IN NS d.root-servers.net.
. 18601 IN NS e.root-servers.net.
. 18601 IN NS f.root-servers.net.
. 18601 IN NS g.root-servers.net.
. 18601 IN NS h.root-servers.net.
. 18601 IN NS i.root-servers.net.
. 18601 IN NS j.root-servers.net.
. 18601 IN NS k.root-servers.net.
. 18601 IN NS l.root-servers.net.
. 18601 IN NS m.root-servers.net.
;; Received 228 bytes from 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8) in 301 ms
 
com. 172800 IN NS m.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS l.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS k.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS j.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS i.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS h.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS g.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS f.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS e.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS d.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS c.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS b.gtld-servers.net.
com. 172800 IN NS a.gtld-servers.net.
;; Received 490 bytes from 198.41.0.4#53(198.41.0.4) in 130 ms
 
vip.com. 172800 IN NS ns7.vipshop.com.
vip.com. 172800 IN NS ns8.vipshop.com.
;; Received 106 bytes from 192.55.83.30#53(192.55.83.30) in 90 ms
 
pic1.vip.com. 7200 IN CNAME pic1.vip.com.wscdns.com.
;; Received 64 bytes from 14.17.85.62#53(14.17.85.62) in 30 ms

因为篇幅有限。想知道很多其它的关于host, nslookup。dig参数和应用场景的命令,请问man手册及相关文章。

版权声明:本文博客原创文章。博客,未经同意,不得转载。

DNS查询工具:host、nslookup、dig的更多相关文章

  1. 域名DNS解析工具ping/nslookup/dig/host

    常见 DNS 记录的类型 类型 目的 A 地址记录,用来指定域名的 IPv4 地址,如果需要将域名指向一个 IP 地址,就需要添加 A 记录. AAAA 用来指定主机名(或域名)对应的 IPv6 地址 ...

  2. DNS正、反解析查询指令host、dig、nslookup

    一.host指令格式:host [-a] FQDN [server] host -l domain [server]选项:-a :代表列出该主机所有的相关信息,包括 IP.TTL 与除错讯息等等-l ...

  3. 基于nodejs的DNS查询工具

    开始这个实例之前,我们简单谈一下Node.js吧,Node.js是一个由JavaScript书写而成的强大Web开发框架,它让开发强壮的.伸缩性良好的服务器端Web应用变得更加简单.容易.这种技术诞生 ...

  4. host, nslookup, dig、whois

    一.host命令:DNS 查找使用程序 选项与参数: -a :代表列出该主机所有的相关信息,包括 IP.TTL 与除错讯息等等 -l :若后面接的那个 domain 设定允许 allow-transf ...

  5. host,nslookup,dig 工具安装

    DNS-测试工具 在centos7.9 中 安装bind后发现缺少,检测工具 工具包安装: 1 [root@server]# yum install -y bind-utils 安装后再次查询,发现已 ...

  6. DNS查询指令host

    描述: Host指令提供一个简单的DNS解析的功能.正常地使用名称到IP的解析,当指令没有任何参数和选项的时候,它将输出简单的带命令行参数和选项的概要. 名称是可以被解析的域名,也可以是点分十进制的I ...

  7. DNS查询相关

    本文同时发表在https://github.com/zhangyachen/zhangyachen.github.io/issues/45 一种简单的设计方式是在因特网上使用一个DNS服务器,该服务器 ...

  8. Linux基础命令---host域名查询工具

    host host是一个常用的DNS查询工具,经常用来查询域名.检查域名解析是否正确. 此命令的适用范围:RedHat.RHEL.Ubuntu.CentOS.Fedora.   1.语法       ...

  9. centos DNS服务搭建 DNS原理 使用bind搭建DNS服务器 配置DNS转发 配置主从 安装dig工具 DHCP dhclient 各种域名解析记录 mydns DNS动态更新 第三十节课

    centos  DNS服务搭建  DNS原理  使用bind搭建DNS服务器 配置DNS转发 配置主从  安装dig工具  DHCP  dhclient  各种域名解析记录  mydns DNS动态更 ...

随机推荐

  1. Android Widget和悬浮窗 原理

    1.简单介绍 Android widget是桌面插件,在android系统应用开发层面有特殊用途. AppWidget是把一个进程的控件嵌入到别外一个进程的窗口里的一种方法.悬浮窗的效果与Widget ...

  2. ExtJS中store.findExact

    var ds = myGrid.apf_ds; var store = myGrid.getStore(); forEach(data, function (item) { if (store.fin ...

  3. [转载]Ocelot简易教程(二)之快速开始2

    为什么这篇的标题叫“Ocelot简易教程(二)之快速开始2”呢,因为很多朋友跟我说上一篇“ Ocelot简易教程(二)之快速开始1”内容太少了,只是简单介绍Ocelot的一些简单配置,让Ocelot能 ...

  4. USB 3.0规范中译本 第10章 集线器,主机下行口以及设备上行口规范

    本文为CoryXie原创译文,转载及有任何问题请联系cory.xie#gmail.com. 本章描述USB 3.0 集线器的体系结构要求.本章还描述主机下行口和集线器下行口之间功能性的不同之处,以及设 ...

  5. linux下Oracle11g RAC搭建(一)

    linux下Oracle11g RAC搭建(一) 文档说明 作者    深蓝 项目 Visualbox下模拟RAC搭建(双节点)(Redhat5+Oracle11G) 环境 RedHat Enterp ...

  6. ios开发级联菜单(利用父子控制器--两个菜单封装为两个子控制器来实现)

    一:1:级联菜单可以使用两个tableView来实现,也可以利用父子控制器,两个控制器来实现,根视图控制器作为两个控制器的父控制器,来管理两个子控制器.2:将左右菜单分别交给两个控制器去管理,对于一些 ...

  7. ChangeWindowMessageFilterEx 概述(用于取消低权限程序向高权限程序发送消息不成功的限制,分6个等级)

    ChangeWindowMessageFilterEx 函数,为指定窗口修改用户界面特权隔离 (UIPI) 消息过滤器. 函数原型: BOOL WINAPI ChangeWindowMessageFi ...

  8. 【u206】最大赢家

    Time Limit: 1 second Memory Limit: 128 MB [问题描述] Nic和Susan在玩一个有趣的游戏:在游戏开始前,他们先约定一个正整数n,同时令m=1.游戏过程中, ...

  9. [React] Normalize Events with Reacts Synthetic Event System

    Event handlers are passed an instance of SyntheticEvent in React. In this video we'll take a look at ...

  10. 安全配置基线Linux系统

    Linux系统安全配置基线 一:共享账号检查 配置名称:用户账号分配检查,避免共享账号存在 配置要求:1.系统需按照实际用户分配账号: 2.避免不同用户间共享账号,避免用户账号和服务器间通信使用的账号 ...