一分钟完成MySQL5.7安装部署

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Part1:写在最前

MYSQL5.7.15是截止至本文撰写当日，mysql官网的最新社区版，mysql5.7的多项功能优化可以用激动人心来形容，嫌安装麻烦？没关系，跟着本文，带你1分钟搞定MySQL5.7.15数据库安装部署。

 

Part2:仅仅安装就够了？

不，当然不够，MySQL5.7的多项功能特性更新，无法一一赘述，因此，我们先从和本文最相关的my.cnf，来解读一些MySQL5.7的部分新特性。

在之前我写过一篇MySQL5.6的新特性参数，诸如：

innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown=1  它dump的不是数据，是Id号

innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup=1

开启这个两个参数当数据库重启后把这些热数据重新加载回去

只有正常关库才会dump热数据块，宕机和kill -9不会

更多5.6安装内容可移步：

http://suifu.blog.51cto.com/9167728/1846671

在5.7里，一个新的系统参数：innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct,其默认值为25

允许DBA控制每个缓冲池最近使用页的百分比来导出，以减缓导出innodb buffer pool所有页占用过大的磁盘。如果innodb buffer pool里缓存了100个页，那么会将最近使用的25个页导出去，最大值是100，意思为全部导出，如下图所示：

注：在MariaDB10.1里，同样提供了该参数，不过其默认值是100

在线调整innodb_buffer_pool_size,不用重启mysql进程

在MySQL5.6/MariaDB 10.1版本，调整该参数必须重启MySQL进程才可以生效，而mysql5.7版本里，可以直接动态设置，非常方便。

这个功能应用场景如：

1.机器新增内存，DBA忘记调大该参数；

2.工作交接，新来的DBA发现前任DBA对该参数设置不合理。

下面在我机器里进行测试，把512M内存变更为256M，见下图：

需注意的是，在调整buffer_pool期间，用户的请求会被阻塞，直到调整完毕，所以请勿在高峰期调整。

Part3:整个流程分3步

1.mysql官网下载二进制版本的mysql5.7.15安装包(mysql-5.7.15-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz)至/root目录

2.执行下文所述的mysql_auto_install.sh脚本

3.输入您设置的密码登录数据库

Part4:自动化脚本

[root@HE2 ~]# cat mysql_auto_install.sh
###### 二进制自动安装数据库脚本root密码MANAGER将脚本和安装包放在/root目录即可###############
######数据库目录/usr/local/mysql############
######数据目录/data/mysql############
######慢日志目录/data/slowlog############
######端口号默认3306其余参数按需自行修改############

##################
#author：rrhelei@126.com#
##################
#!/bin/bash

# Check if user is root
if [ $(id -u) != "0" ]; then
    echo "Error: You must be root to run this script, please use root to install"
    exit 1
fi

clear
echo "========================================================================="
echo "A tool to auto-compile & install MySQL 5.7.15 on Redhat/CentOS Linux "
echo "========================================================================="
cur_dir=$(pwd)

#set mysql root password
    echo "==========================="

    mysqlrootpwd="MANAGER"
    echo -e "Please input the root password of mysql:"
    read -p "(Default password: MANAGER):" mysqlrootpwd
    if [ "$mysqlrootpwd" = "" ]; then
        mysqlrootpwd="MANAGER"
    fi
    echo "==========================="
    echo "MySQL root password:$mysqlrootpwd"
    echo "==========================="

#which MySQL Version do you want to install?
echo "==========================="

    isinstallmysql57="n"
    echo "Install MySQL 5.7.15,Please input y"
    read -p "(Please input y , n):" isinstallmysql57

    case "$isinstallmysql57" in
    y|Y|Yes|YES|yes|yES|yEs|YeS|yeS)
    echo "You will install MySQL 5.7.15"

    isinstallmysql57="y"
    ;;
    *)
    echo "INPUT error,You will exit install MySQL 5.7.15"

    isinstallmysql57="n"
    exit
    esac

    get_char()
    {
    SAVEDSTTY=`stty -g`
    stty -echo
    stty cbreak
    #dd if=/dev/tty bs=1 count=1 2> /dev/null
    stty -raw
    stty echo
    stty $SAVEDSTTY
    }
    echo ""
    echo "Press any key to start...or Press Ctrl+c to cancel"
    char=`get_char`

# Initialize  the installation related content.
function InitInstall()
{
    cat /etc/issue
    uname -a
    MemTotal=`free -m | grep Mem | awk '{print  $2}'`
    echo -e "\n Memory is: ${MemTotal} MB "
    #Set timezone
    #rm -rf /etc/localtime
    #ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

    #Delete Old Mysql program
    rpm -qa|grep mysql
    rpm -e mysql

    #Disable SeLinux
    if [ -s /etc/selinux/config ]; then
    sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
    fi
    setenforce 0

}

#Installation of depend on and optimization options.
function InstallDependsAndOpt()
{
cd $cur_dir

cat >>/etc/security/limits.conf<<EOF
* soft nproc 65535
* hard nproc 65535
* soft nofile 65535
* hard nofile 65535
EOF

echo "fs.file-max=65535" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
}

#Install MySQL
function InstallMySQL57()
{
echo "============================Install MySQL 5.7.15=================================="
cd $cur_dir

#Backup old my.cnf
#rm -f /etc/my.cnf
if [ -s /etc/my.cnf ]; then
    mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`.bak
fi

echo "============================MySQL 5.7.15 installing…………========================="
#mysql directory configuration
tar xvf /root/mysql-5.7.15-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv /root/mysql-5.7.15-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
groupadd mysql -g 512
useradd -u 512 -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /home/mysql mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql
mkdir -p /data/slowlog
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/slowlog

#edit /etc/my.cnf
SERVERID=`ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet addr" | awk '{ print $2}'| awk -F. '{ print $3$4}'`
cat >>/etc/my.cnf<<EOF
[client]
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
port=3306
character-set-server=utf8
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
lower_case_table_names=1
back_log=103
max_connections=3000
max_connect_errors=100000
table_open_cache=512
external-locking=FALSE
max_allowed_packet=32M
sort_buffer_size=2M
join_buffer_size=2M
thread_cache_size=51
query_cache_size=32M
#query_cache_limit=4M
transaction_isolation=REPEATABLE-READ
tmp_table_size=96M
max_heap_table_size=96M

###***slowqueryparameters
long_query_time=1
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file=/data/slowlog/slow.log

###***binlogparameters
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_cache_size=4M
max_binlog_cache_size=8M
max_binlog_size=1024M
binlog_format=MIXED
expire_logs_days=7

###***relay-logparameters
#relay-log=/data/3307/relay-bin
#relay-log-info-file=/data/3307/relay-log.info
#master-info-repository=table
#relay-log-info-repository=table
#relay-log-recovery=1

#***MyISAMparameters
key_buffer_size=16M
read_buffer_size=1M
read_rnd_buffer_size=16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size=1M

#skip-name-resolve

###***master-slavereplicationparameters
server-id=$SERVERID
#slave-skip-errors=all

#***Innodbstorageengineparameters
innodb_buffer_pool_size=512M
innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_file_io_threads=8
innodb_thread_concurrency=16
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
innodb_log_file_size=512M
innodb_log_files_in_group=2
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=75
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct=75
innodb_lock_wait_timeout=50
innodb_file_per_table=on

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet=32M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer=16M
sort_buffer_size=16M
read_buffer=8M
write_buffer=8M

[mysqld_safe]
open-files-limit=8192
log-error=/data/mysql/error.log
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid

EOF

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --initialize-insecure

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on

cat >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql-x86_64.conf<<EOF
/usr/local/mysql/lib
EOF
ldconfig

if [ -d "/proc/vz" ];then
ulimit -s unlimited
fi

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/mysql/lib
EOF

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password $mysqlrootpwd

cat > /tmp/mysql_sec_script<<EOF
use mysql;
delete from mysql.user where user!='root' or host!='localhost';
grant all privileges on *.* to 'sys_admin'@'%' identified by 'MANAGER';
flush privileges;
EOF

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p$mysqlrootpwd -h localhost < /tmp/mysql_sec_script

#rm -f /tmp/mysql_sec_script

#/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

echo "============================MySQL 5.7.15 install completed========================="
}

function CheckInstall()
{
echo "===================================== Check install ==================================="
clear
ismysql=""
echo "Checking..."

if [ -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql ] && [ -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe ] && [ -s /etc/my.cnf ]; then
  echo "MySQL: OK"
  ismysql="ok"
  else
  echo "Error: /usr/local/mysql not found!!!MySQL install failed."
fi

if [ "$ismysql" = "ok" ]; then
echo "Install MySQL 5.7.15 completed! enjoy it."
echo "========================================================================="
netstat -ntl
else
echo "Sorry,Failed to install MySQL!"
echo "You can tail /root/mysql-install.log from your server."
fi
}

#The installation log
InitInstall 2>&1 | tee /root/mysql-install.log
InstallDependsAndOpt 2>&1 | tee -a /root/mysql-install.log
InstallMySQL57 > /dev/null
CheckInstall 2>&1 | tee -a /root/mysql-install.log

　　

Part5:登录&享受吧

输入用户名密码（默认为MANAGER)登录数据库

至此，MySQL5.7.15安装完成

 

——总结——

MySQL5.7拥有诸多让我们激动和期待的新功能，限于文章篇幅原因，这里仅仅介绍冰山一角。由于笔者的水平有限，编写时间也很仓促，文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方，不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。

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