Spring Cloud(6.1)：搭建OAuth2 Authorization Server

配置web.xml

添加spring-cloud-starter-security和spring-security-oauth2-autoconfigure两个依赖。

</dependency>
<!-- Spring cloud starter: Security -->
<!-- Include: web, actuator, security, zuul, etc. -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring Security OAuth2 Autoconfigure (optional in spring-cloud-security after 2.1) -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.security.oauth.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-security-oauth2-autoconfigure</artifactId>
</dependency>

此外，它还是一个Eureka Client和Config Client，如何配置Eureka Client和Config Client请看前面章节。

配置WebSecurity

package com.mytools.config;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.factory.PasswordEncoderFactories;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;

/**
 * Spring Security Configuration.
 */
@Configuration
public class WebSecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    /**
     * password encodeer
     */
    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return PasswordEncoderFactories.createDelegatingPasswordEncoder();
    }

    @Override
    @Bean
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
        return super.authenticationManagerBean();
    }

    /* (non-Javadoc)
     * @see org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter#configure(org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity)
     */
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

        //@formatter:off
        http.authorizeRequests() // configure authorize request rule
                .antMatchers("/index").permitAll()
                // .antMatchers("/url/**").hasRole("ADMIN") // some urls have access ADMIN
                // .anyRequest().authenticated() // any other request need to authenticate
                .and()
            .formLogin() // login as form
                .loginPage("/login") // login url (default is login page with framework)
                // .defaultSuccessUrl("/index") // login success url (default is index)
                .failureUrl("/login-error") // login fail url
                .and()
            // .logout() // logout config
                // .logoutUrl("/logout") // logout url (default is logout)
                // .logoutSuccessUrl("/index") // logout success url (default is login)
            .rememberMe() // Remember me
                .key("uniqueAndSecret") // generate the contents of the token
                .tokenValiditySeconds(60 * 60 * 24 * 30) // 30 days
                .userDetailsService(userDetailsService) // register UserDetailsService for remember me functionality
               // .and()
            //.httpBasic() // use HTTP Basic authentication(in header) for an application
        ;
        //@formatter:on
    }
}

说明：

（1）UserDetailsService的配置：有两种方式，一种是实现UserDetails/UserDetailsService接口，从DB中获取User和Role。另一种是使用InMemoryUserDetailsManagerConfigurer在内存中创建user和Role。这里使用了第一种，这一部分是Spring Security的范畴，是这里不再贴代码。如果对这部分不熟悉，可以参考：

Spring Security(1)：认证和授权的核心组件介绍及源码分析

Spring Security Reference

（2）PasswordEncoder的配置：使用PasswordEncoderFactories可以通过不同前缀来识别和创建各种不同的PasswordEncoder。在当前的Spring Security版本中，password必须加密，不加密会报错。

（3）AuthenticationManager的配置：AuthenticationManager虽然在Spring Security自动配置中已经创建，但是并没有暴露为一个Spring Bean（exposed as a Bean）。我们在这里覆盖它并声明它为一个Bean，目的是在配置Authorization Server时配置AuthorizationServerEndpoints时使用（for the password grant）。

（4）HttpSecurity的配置：这一部分是Spring Security的范畴，这里不再赘述。这里主要自定义了User&Role&Path的mapping关系，及login, index, logout,remember-me等逻辑和页面等。

配置Authorization Server

package com.mytools.config;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.configurers.ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configurers.AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configurers.AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.ClientDetailsService;

/**
 * OAuth2 Authorization Server Configuration.
 */
@Configuration
public class AuthorizationServerConfiguration extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    @Autowired
    private ClientDetailsService clientDetailsService;

    /**
     * 用来配置令牌端点(Token Endpoint)的安全约束<br>
     *
     * @see org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter#configure(org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configurers.AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer)
     */
    @Override
    public void configure(AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer security) throws Exception {
        // 如果配置这个的话，且url中有client_id和client_secret的会走ClientCredentialsTokenEndpointFilter来保护
        // 如果没有配置这个，或者配置了这个但是url中没有client_id和client_secret的，走basic认证保护
        // [IMPORTANT] 这里如果不设置，client app里的clientAuthenticationScheme应该设置为header，反之设置为form
        // security.allowFormAuthenticationForClients();
    }

    /**
     * 用来配置客户端详情服务（ClientDetailsService），客户端详情信息在这里进行初始化<br>
     *
     * @see org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter#configure(org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.configurers.ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer)
     */
    @Override
    public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
        clients.withClientDetails(clientDetailsService);
    }

    /* 定义授权和令牌端点以及令牌服务<br>
     * @see org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter#configure(org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configurers.AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer)
     */
    @Override
    public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception {
        endpoints.authenticationManager(authenticationManager) // 使用Spring提供的AuthenticationManager开启密码授权
                .userDetailsService(userDetailsService) // 注入一个 UserDetailsService，那么刷新令牌授权将包含对用户详细信息的检查，以确保该帐户仍然是活动的
                .allowedTokenEndpointRequestMethods(HttpMethod.GET, HttpMethod.POST); // 默认只支持POST
    }
}

说明：

（1）注入AuthenticationManager及UserDetailsService：在配置AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer时使用。

（2）ClientDetailsService配置：与UserDetailsService的配置类似，同样有两种方式，一种是实现ClientDetails/ClientDetailsService接口，从DB中获取Client。另一种是使用InMemoryClientDetailsServiceBuilder在内存中创建Client。这里使用了第一种，也不再贴代码。

（3）AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer配置：用来配置Authorization Server令牌端点(Token Endpoint)的安全约束，一般不用配置。

（4）ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer配置：配置ClientDetails。

（5）AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer配置：配置authenticationManager和userDetailsService是告诉Authorization Server使用Spring Security提供的验证管理器及用户详细信息服务。

配置ResourceServer

package com.mytools.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configurers.ResourceServerSecurityConfigurer;

/**
 * OAuth2 Resource Server Configuration.
 */
@Configuration
public class ResourceServerConfiguration extends ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter {

    /**
     * ResourceId: We can give each of the ResourceServer instance to a resourceId.<br>
     * Here is the resourceId validation on OAuth2AuthenticationManager#authenticate:<br>
     *
     * <pre>
     * Collection<String> resourceIds = auth.getOAuth2Request().getResourceIds();
     * if (resourceId != null && resourceIds != null && !resourceIds.isEmpty() && !resourceIds.contains(resourceId)) {
     *     throw new OAuth2AccessDeniedException("Invalid token does not contain resource id (" + resourceId + ")");
     * }
     * </pre>
     *
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public void configure(ResourceServerSecurityConfigurer resources) throws Exception {
        resources.resourceId("server-auth-resource");
        super.configure(resources);
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        // [IMPORTANT] 为什么要提前加antMatcher? 可以看一下antMatcher()的注释:
        // Allows configuring the HttpSecurity to only be invoked when matching the provided ant pattern.
        http.antMatcher("/user").authorizeRequests()
                // .antMatchers("xxx", "xxx").permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated();
    }
}

主要定义了resource-id及受保护的资源的path及Role&Path的mapping关系

配置ServerAuthApplication

package com.mytools;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.AuthorityUtils;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableAuthorizationServer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableResourceServer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.provider.OAuth2Authentication;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
@EnableAuthorizationServer
@EnableResourceServer
public class ServerAuthApplication2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ServerAuthApplication2.class, args);
    }

    /**
     * 映射到/user, Resource Server会调用该端点<br>
     * Resource Server中的@EnableResourceServer会强制执行一个过滤器，<br>
     * 该拦截器会用传入的token回调[security.oauth2.resource.userInfoUri]中定义的URI来查看令牌是否有效。<br>
     * 此外，该URI还会从Authorization Server传回一个Map，包含Principal and GrantedAuthority信息。<br>
     * 这个信息是必须的。详细请看：UserInfoTokenServices.loadAuthentication<br>
     *
     * @param user
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/user", produces = "application/json")
    public Map<String, Object> user(OAuth2Authentication user, @RequestParam(required = false) String client) {
        Map<String, Object> userInfo = new HashMap<>();
        userInfo.put("user", user.getUserAuthentication().getName());
        userInfo.put("authorities", AuthorityUtils.authorityListToSet(user.getUserAuthentication().getAuthorities()));
        return userInfo;
    }
}

说明：

（1）使用@EnableAuthorizationServer声明为一个OAuth2 Authorization Server。

（2）使用@EnableResourceServer声明为一个OAuth2 Resource Server。这里声明其为一个Resource Server只是为了保护/user这一个端点。下面/user端点的定义会具体说明原因。

（3）/user Endpoint：Resource Server中的@EnableResourceServer会强制执行一个拦截器，该拦截器会用传入的token回调Resource Server配置文件中定义的security.oauth2.resource.userInfoUri来查看令牌是否有效。这个userInfoUri就映射到了Authorization Server中/user Endpoint。在/user Endpoint中返回了一个含有包含Principal和GrantedAuthority信息的Map。最终Resource Server拿到这个Map，进而判断这个User有没有这个权限来访问Resource Server中的某个path。相关源码可以看UserInfoTokenServices的loadAuthentication方法。

验证

准备数据

-- Create user
INSERT INTO user (username, password, email, enabled, create_user, create_date_time, update_user, update_date_time)
VALUES ('admin', '{bcrypt}$2a$10$bmixgIna/bd5gU5ORrWng.xUs2sGBh3BRqj927ChKkAvJA8CVGZmm', 'admin@email.com', true, 'admin', '2019-01-01 10:00:00.000', 'admin', '2019-01-01 10:00:00.000');

-- Create client
INSERT INTO client (client_id, client_secret, authorized_grant_types_str, registered_redirect_uris_str, enabled, create_user, create_date_time, update_user, update_date_time)
VALUES ('dummy-client', '{bcrypt}$2a$10$nbLJ9DdK/HLlKc.Gm/5S4utfxht9D3mj5M7cm9peFDbBGgTLPEh0u', 'authorization_code,password', 'https://www.google.com', true, 'admin', '2019-01-01 10:00:00.000', 'admin', '2019-01-01 10:00:00.000');

-- Create role
INSERT INTO role (rolename, role_level, enabled, create_user, create_date_time, update_user, update_date_time)
VALUES ('ADMIN', 1, true, 'admin', '2019-01-01 10:00:00.000', 'admin', '2019-01-01 10:00:00.000');

-- Create user_role_map
INSERT INTO user_role_map (username, rolename)
VALUES ('admin', 'ADMIN');

Authorization Code（授权码模式）

（1）调用 http://localhost:10030/server-auth/oauth/authorize?response_type=code&client_id=dummy-client&state=test-state&redirect_uri=https://www.google.com&scope=all

如果使用了Zuul，则可以调用 http://localhost:10020/server-zuul/s3/server-auth/oauth/authorize?response_type=code&client_id=dummy-client&state=test-state&redirect_uri=https://www.google.com&scope=all

如果需要登录，则需要填写登录账号admin 密码admin。

（2）选择scope: all

（3）Get Authorization Code from redirect url: https://www.google.com/?code=ST77hh&state=test-state

（4）Call url with Authorization Code: http://localhost:10030/server-auth/oauth/token?client_id=dummy-client&grant_type=authorization_code&code=ST77hh&redirect_uri=https://www.google.com&scope=all

如果使用了Zuul，则可以调用 http://localhost:10030/server-auth/oauth/token?client_id=dummy-client&grant_type=authorization_code&code=ST77hh&redirect_uri=https://www.google.com&scope=all

（5）Http Basic Authorization: username is dummy-client, password is dummy-client

（6）Get json with token: {"access_token":"8b867ab3-d900-4f1c-947a-b33dc20a91c1","token_type":"bearer","expires_in":43085,"scope":"all"}

Resource Owner Password（密码模式）

（1）调用 http://localhost:10030/server-auth/oauth/token?client_id=dummy-client&grant_type=password&username=admin&password=admin&scope=all

如果使用了Zuul，则可以调用 http://localhost:10020/server-zuul/s3/server-auth/oauth/token?client_id=dummy-client&grant_type=password&username=admin&password=admin&scope=all

（2）Http Basic Authorization: username is dummy-client, password is dummy-client

（3）Get json with token: {"access_token":"8b867ab3-d900-4f1c-947a-b33dc20a91c1","token_type":"bearer","expires_in":43085,"scope":"all"}

[注1] 如果使用Zuul调用，则需要配置以下内容：

（1）server-auth中的application.yml

## Eureka info
eureka:
  # 如果设置了true并且也设置了eureka.instance.ip-address那么就将此ip地址注册到Eureka中，那么调用的时候，发送的请求目的地就是此Ip地址
  instance:
    preferIpAddress: true
    ipAddress: localhost

（2）server-zuul中的application.yml

## Zuul info
zuul:
  # Zuul不会将敏感HTTP首部（如Cookie,Set-Cookie,Authorization）转发到下游服务。它是一个黑名单。这里排除了Cookie,Set-Cookie,Authorization为后面的OAuth2服务
  sensitiveHeaders:

其他参数说明

[scope]

如果请求中含有scope

- Client没有配置scopes，可以认为是All Scopes，则可以使用（approve）请求的scope

- Client配置了一组scopes，如果包含请求的scope，则可以使用（approve）请求的scope；如果不包含，则报错（scope didn't match）

如果请求中没有scope

- Client没有配置scopes，且请求中也没有，报错（empty scope is not allowed）

- Client配置了一组scopes，则可以使用（approve）Client的所有scopes

[注] 注意上面有一个"approve"关键字。如果Client为scopes配置了AutoApprove=true，则会跳过approve这一步。

[client_id]

如果在Authorization Server中配置的一个ClientDetails中没有配置resourceId，则这个Client有访问所有resource的权限。

如果在Resource Server没有配置resourceId，则这个resource可以被所有Client有访问。

如果两端都配置了，且Client的resourceIds包含Resource Server的resourceId，这个resource才可以被这个Client访问。

[注] 代码来源：OAuth2AuthenticationManager#authenticate

[client_secret]

在OAuth2标准中，client_secret并不是required field。但是，在Spring Security中，client_id/client_secret被当作了UserDetails，同样会调用AuthenticationProvider.authenticate()方法，最终调用DaoAuthenticationProvider.additionalAuthenticationChecks()，再调用PasswordEncoder的match()方法。PasswordEncoder的实现类（比如DelegatingPasswordEncoder，BCryptPasswordEncoder）在验证空password时都不会通过。

解决方法：可以重写PasswordEncoder实现类的match()方法，也可以设置client_secret为required field。这里使用后一种。