POJ 1094 Sorting It All Out (拓扑排序) - from lanshui_Yang

Description

An ascending sorted sequence of distinct values is one in which some form of a less-than operator is used to order the elements from smallest to largest. For example, the sorted sequence A, B, C, D implies that A < B, B < C and C < D. in this problem, we will give you a set of relations of the form A < B and ask you to determine whether a sorted order has been specified or not.

Input

Input consists of multiple problem instances. Each instance starts with a line containing two positive integers n and m. the first value indicated the number of objects to sort, where 2 <= n <= 26. The objects to be sorted will be the first n characters of the uppercase alphabet. The second value m indicates the number of relations of the form A < B which will be given in this problem instance. Next will be m lines, each containing one such relation consisting of three characters: an uppercase letter, the character "<" and a second uppercase letter. No letter will be outside the range of the first n letters of the alphabet. Values of n = m = 0 indicate end of input.

Output

For each problem instance, output consists of one line. This line should be one of the following three:

Sorted sequence determined after xxx relations: yyy...y. 
Sorted sequence cannot be determined. 
Inconsistency found after xxx relations.

where xxx is the number of relations processed at the time either a sorted sequence is determined or an inconsistency is found, whichever comes first, and yyy...y is the sorted, ascending sequence. 

Sample Input

4 6
A<B
A<C
B<C
C<D
B<D
A<B
3 2
A<B
B<A
26 1
A<Z
0 0

Sample Output

Sorted sequence determined after 4 relations: ABCD.
Inconsistency found after 2 relations.
Sorted sequence cannot be determined.

    题目大意：给你两个数n和m ， n 表示26个大写英文子母中的前 n 个字母， m 表示以下m个形如：A < B 的表达式。按照这 m 个表达式给出的顺序，每给出一个表达式（假设序号为k ，1 <= k <= m），就以这前k个表达式为条件，判断以下三种情况：

1、前n个大写英文字母 能 按拓扑序排好 ，并且 只有一种 排列方式。注意：此时k 可能小于 n ！！这时输出：Sorted sequence determined after xxx relations: yyy...y. 

2、前n个大写英文字母 能 按拓扑序排好 ，但有 不止一种 排列方式。注意：此时k 必须等于 n ！！这时输出：Sorted sequence cannot be determined. 

3、如果不能完成拓扑序，注意：此时k 可能小于 n ！！就输出：Sorted sequence cannot be determined.

    解题思路：每给出一个表达式，就以这个表达式以及这个表达式以前的表达式为条件，进行拓扑排序。

    请看代码：

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cmath>
#include<cstdio>
#include<vector>
#define mem(a , b) memset(a , b , sizeof(a))
using namespace std ;
const int MAXN = 100 ;
int ind[MAXN] ;
int idtmp[MAXN] ;
char ans[MAXN] ;
vector<int> G[MAXN] ;
int n , m ;
void chu()
{
    mem(ind , 0) ;
    mem(idtmp , 0) ;
    mem(ans , 0) ;
    int i ;
    for(i = 0 ; i <= n ; i ++)
    G[i].clear() ;
}
int topo()
{
    int i ;
    mem(idtmp , 0) ;
    for(i = 0 ; i < n ; i ++)
    {
        idtmp[i] = ind[i] ;
    }
    int k = 0 ;
    int sumd0  ;
    int u , v ;
    bool flag1 , flag2 , flag3 ;
    flag2 = false ;
    flag3 = true ;
    for(k = 0 ; k < n ; k ++)
    {
        sumd0 = 0 ;
        for(i = 0 ; i < n ; i ++)
        {
            if(idtmp[i] == 0)
            {
                sumd0 ++ ;
                u = i ;
            }
        }
        if(sumd0 > 0)
        {
            ans[k] = u + 'A';
            idtmp[u] -- ;
            for(int j = 0 ; j < G[u].size() ; j ++)
            {
                v = G[u][j] ;
                idtmp[v] -- ;
            }
            if(sumd0 > 1)
            {
                flag2 = true ;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            flag3 = false ;
            break ;
        }
    }
    if(!flag3)
    {
        return 3 ;
    }
    else
    {
        if(flag2)
        {
            return 2 ;
        }
        else
        {
            return 1 ;
        }
    }
}
void init()
{
    chu() ;
    int i ;
    char a , op , b ;
    bool f = false ;
    for(i = 0 ; i < m ; i ++)
    {
        cin >> a >> op >> b ;
        if(f)
        continue ;
        int ta , tb ;
        ta = a - 'A' ;
        tb = b - 'A' ;
        G[ta].push_back(tb) ;
        ind[tb] ++ ;
        int pan ;
        pan = topo() ;
        if(pan == 3)
        {
            f = true ;
            printf("Inconsistency found after %d relations.\n" , i + 1) ;
        }
        else if(pan == 1)
        {
            ans[n] = '\0' ;
            f = true ;
            printf("Sorted sequence determined after %d relations: %s.\n" , i + 1 , ans) ;
        }
        else if(pan == 2 && i == m - 1)
        {
            puts("Sorted sequence cannot be determined.") ;
        }
    }
}
int main()
{
    while (scanf("%d%d" , &n , &m) != EOF)
    {
        if(n == 0 && m == 0)
        break ;
        init() ;
    }
    return 0 ;
}