spring-boot整合mongodb的案例

1.简介

MongoDB 是一个基于分布式文件存储的数据库。由 C++ 语言编写。旨在为 WEB 应用提供可扩展的高性能数据存储解决方案。

MongoDB 是一个介于关系数据库和非关系数据库之间的产品，是非关系数据库当中功能最丰富，最像关系数据库的。

2.运行环境

开发工具：intellij idea

JDK版本：1.8

项目管理工具：Maven 4.0.0

3.Maven Plugin管理

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

     <groupId>com.goku</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-mongodb</artifactId>
     <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

     <parent>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
         <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
     </parent>

     <dependencies>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
             <optional>true</optional>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
         </dependency>
     </dependencies>

     <build>
         <plugins>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                 <configuration>
                     <fork>true</fork>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
         </plugins>
     </build>

 </project>

4.application.properties编写

 spring.data.mongodb.uri= mongodb://localhost:27017/goku_db1

5.DemoApplication启动类编写

 package com.goku.demo;

 import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
 import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan;

 /**
  * Created by nbfujx on 2017/11/20.
  */
 // Spring Boot 应用的标识
 @SpringBootApplication
 @ServletComponentScan
 public class DemoApplication {

     public static void main(String[] args) {
         // 程序启动入口
         // 启动嵌入式的 Tomcat 并初始化 Spring 环境及其各 Spring 组件
         SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class,args);
     }
 }

6.User编写

package com.goku.demo.model;

import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * Created by nbfujx on 2017-12-07.
 */
public class User implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = -1L;

    @Id
    private Long id;
    private String username;
    private Integer age;

    public User(Long id, String username, Integer age) {
        this.id = id;
        this.username = username;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString()
    {
        return "\"User:{\"id\":\""+id+"\",\"username\":\""+username+"\",\"age\":\""+age+"\"}\"";
    }
}

7.UserRepository编写

与HibernateRepository类似，通过继承MongoRepository接口，我们可以非常方便地实现对一个对象的增删改查，要使用Repository的功能，先继承MongoRepository<T, TD>接口，其中T为仓库保存的bean类，TD为该bean的唯一标识的类型，一般为ObjectId。之后在service中注入该接口就可以使用，无需实现里面的方法，spring会根据定义的规则自动生成。

但是MongoRepository实现了的只是最基本的增删改查的功能，要想增加额外的查询方法，可以按照以下规则定义接口的方法。自定义查询方法，格式为“findBy+字段名+方法后缀”，方法传进的参数即字段的值，此外还支持分页查询，通过传进一个Pageable对象，返回Page集合。

下面是支持的查询类型，每三条数据分别对应：（方法后缀，方法例子，mongodb原生查询语句）

 package com.goku.demo.repository;

 import com.goku.demo.model.User;
 import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
 import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
 import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.MongoRepository;
 import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.Query;

 import java.util.List;

 /**
  * Created by nbfujx on 2017-12-08.
  */
 public interface UserRepository extends MongoRepository<User, Long> {

     /**
      * Like（模糊查询）
      * {"username" : name} ( name as regex)
      * */
     List<User> findByUsernameLike(String username);

     /**
      * Like（模糊查询）
      * {"username" : name}
      * */
     List<User> findByUsername(String username);

     /**
      * GreaterThan(大于)
      * {"age" : {"$gt" : age}}
      * */
     List<User> findByAgeGreaterThan(int age);
     /**
      * LessThan（小于）
      * {"age" : {"$lt" : age}}
      * */
     List<User> findByAgeLessThan(int age);
     /**
      * Between（在...之间）
      * {{"age" : {"$gt" : from, "$lt" : to}}
      * */
     List<User> findByAgeBetween(int from, int to);

     /**
      * IsNotNull, NotNull（是否非空）
      *  {"username" : {"$ne" : null}}
      * */
     List<User> findByUsernameNotNull();

     /**
      * IsNull, Null（是否为空）
      *   {"username" : null}
      * */
     List<User> findByUsernameNull();

     /**
      * Not（不包含）
      *    {"username" : {"$ne" : name}}
      * */
     List<User> findByUsernameNot(String name);

     /**
      *  Near（查询地理位置相近的）
      *  {"location" : {"$near" : [x,y]}}
      * */
      // findByLocationNear(Point point)

     /**
      * Within（在地理位置范围内的）
      *   {"location" : {"$within" : {"$center" : [ [x, y], distance]}}}
      * */
     //findByLocationWithin(Circle circle)

     /**
      *   Within（在地理位置范围内的）
      *     {"location" : {"$within" : {"$box" : [ [x1, y1], x2, y2]}}}
      * */
    // findByLocationWithin(Box box)

 }

尽管以上查询功能已经很丰富，但如果还不能满足使用情况的话可以用一下方法---基于mongodb原本查询语句的查询方式。

     @Query("{\"username\":{\"$regex\":?0}, \"age\": ?1}")
     Page<User> findByNameAndAgeRange(String name,int age,Pageable page);

     @Query(value="{\"username\":{\"$regex\":?0},\"age\":{\"$gte\":?1,\"$lte\": ?2}}")
     Page<User> findByNameAndAgeRange2(String name,int ageFrom,int ageTo,Pageable page);

     @Query(value="{\"username\":{\"$regex\":?0},\"age\":{\"$gte\":?1,\"$lte\": ?2}}",fields="{\"username\" : 1, \"age\" : 1}")
     Page<User> findByNameAndAgeRange3(String name,int ageFrom,int ageTo,Pageable page);

8.UserRepositoryTest测试编写

 package test.com.goku.repository;

 import com.goku.demo.DemoApplication;
 import com.goku.demo.model.User;
 import com.goku.demo.repository.UserRepository;
 import org.junit.Assert;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
 import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
 import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
 import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

 import java.util.List;

 /**
  * Created by nbfujx on 2017-12-08.
  */
 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
 @SpringBootTest(classes = DemoApplication.class)
 public class UserRepositoryTest {

     private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());

     @Autowired
     private UserRepository userRepository;

     @Before
     public void setUp() {
         //userRepository.deleteAll();
     }

     @Test
     public void test() throws Exception {

         // 创建10个User，并验证User总数
         userRepository.save(new User(1L, "didi", 30));
         userRepository.save(new User(2L, "mama", 40));
         userRepository.save(new User(3L, "kaka", 50));
         userRepository.save(new User(4L, "didi2", 30));
         userRepository.save(new User(5L, "mama", 40));
         userRepository.save(new User(6L, "kaka2", 50));
         userRepository.save(new User(7L, "kaka", 50));
         userRepository.save(new User(8L, "kao", 50));
         userRepository.save(new User(9L, "ekakae", 50));
         userRepository.save(new User(10L, "kaka5", 50));
         userRepository.save(new User(11L, "", 50));
         userRepository.save(new User(12L, null, 50));
         this.logger.info(String.valueOf(userRepository.findAll().size()));

         // 删除一个User，再验证User总数
         /*User u = userRepository.findOne(1L);
         this.logger.info(u.toString());
         userRepository.delete(u);
         this.logger.info(String.valueOf(userRepository.findAll().size()));

         // 删除一个User，再验证User总数
         u = userRepository.findByUsername("mama").get(0);
         this.logger.info(u.toString());
         userRepository.delete(u);
         this.logger.info(String.valueOf(userRepository.findAll().size()));*/

     }

     @Test
     public void test2() throws Exception {

         // 删除一个User，再验证User总数
         List<User> u1 = userRepository.findByUsernameLike("kaka");
         this.logger.info(u1.toString());
         List<User> u2 = userRepository.findByUsername("mama");
         this.logger.info(u2.toString());
         List<User> u3 = userRepository.findByAgeGreaterThan(40);
         this.logger.info(u3.toString());
         List<User> u4 = userRepository.findByAgeLessThan(40);
         this.logger.info(u4.toString());
         List<User> u5 = userRepository.findByAgeBetween(30,45);
         this.logger.info(u5.toString());
         List<User> u6 = userRepository.findByUsernameNotNull();
         this.logger.info(u6.toString());
         List<User> u7 = userRepository.findByUsernameNull();
         this.logger.info(u7.toString());
         List<User> u8 = userRepository.findByUsernameNot("kaka");
         this.logger.info(u8.toString());

     }

     @Test
     public void test3() throws Exception {

         Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(0,10);
         Page<User> u1 = userRepository.findByNameAndAgeRange("kaka",50,pageable);
         this.logger.info(u1.toString());
         Page<User> u2 = userRepository.findByNameAndAgeRange2("kaka",0,50,pageable);
         this.logger.info(u2.toString());
         Page<User> u3 = userRepository.findByNameAndAgeRange3("kaka",0,50,pageable);
         this.logger.info(u3.toString());

     }
 }

9.GITHUB地址

https://github.com/nbfujx/springBoot-learn-demo/tree/master/spring-boot-mongodb