天翼云centos7.6安装redis6.2.6

以下部分的具体略：

1.wget获取源码

2.make

这里重点说下，如何使用 utils/install_server.sh脚本

使用install_service.sh添加服务

有了这个脚本，那么配置和安装为单机服务就很容易了，因为这个脚本：

1.手动提示输入多个配置参数，对于开发环境快速配置也是不错的选择，因为甚至不需要打开redis.conf文件，并亲自修改它。

2.安装一个服务叫redis_port的服务，如果port=8933 ,那么服务就叫redis_8933

当然，我们可以修改 install_server.sh脚本，生成不一样的服务名称。

注：这个不是一个推荐的方式，毕竟upstart是一个比较反人性的方式，最好还是直接看后文：使用systemctl 添加服务

linux加入systemctl就已经严重地意识到人性化的重要性。

由于是centos7，有systemctl组件，所以执行前得修改下install_server.sh，注释掉下面得脚本：

#bail if this system is managed by systemd
#_pid_1_exe="$(readlink -f /proc/1/exe)"
#if [ "${_pid_1_exe##*/}" = systemd ]
#then
#    echo "This systems seems to use systemd."
#    echo "Please take a look at the provided example service unit files in this directory, and adapt and install them. Sorry!"
#    exit 1
#fi

之后，进入utils目录，执行

./install_server.sh

输入和输出如下：

[root@lzf-ty utils]# ./install_server.sh
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server

This systems seems to use systemd.
Please take a look at the provided example service unit files in this directory, and adapt and install them. Sorry!
[root@lzf-ty utils]# ./install_server.sh
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server

Please select the redis port for this instance: [9736]
Selecting default: 9736
Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/9736.conf] /soft/redis-6.2.6/src/redis.conf
Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_9736.log]
Selected default - /var/log/redis_9736.log
Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/9736] /soft/redis-6.2.6/data
Please select the redis executable path [] /soft/redis-6.2.6/src/redis-server
Selected config:
Port           : 9736
Config file    : /soft/redis-6.2.6/src/redis.conf
Log file       : /var/log/redis_9736.log
Data dir       : /soft/redis-6.2.6/data
Executable     : /soft/redis-6.2.6/src/redis-server
Cli Executable : /soft/redis-6.2.6/src/redis-cli
Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort.
Copied /tmp/9736.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_9736
Installing service...
Successfully added to chkconfig!
Successfully added to runlevels 345!
Starting Redis server...
Installation successful!

使用chkconfig查看下安装好得服务

[root@lzf-ty utils]# chkconfig --list 

Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
      systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
      systemd configuration.

      If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
      To see services enabled on particular target use
      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.

mysqld             0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
netconsole         0:off    1:off    2:off    3:off    4:off    5:off    6:off
network            0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
redis_9736         0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

最后启动，并验证下服务

[root@lzf-ty utils]# systemctl status redis_9736
● redis_9736.service - LSB: start and stop redis_9736
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis_9736; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (exited) since Wed 2021-11-10 13:46:12 CST; 9s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 5677 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis_9736 start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

[root@lzf-ty src]# ./redis-cli -p 9736
127.0.0.1:9736> set lan java
OK
127.0.0.1:9736> get java
(nil)
127.0.0.1:9736> get lan
"java"
127.0.0.1:9736> 

再看看redis日志，真得很贴心！！！

[root@lzf-ty log]# cat redis_9736.log
5632:C 10 Nov 2021 13:44:22.370 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
5632:C 10 Nov 2021 13:44:22.370 # Redis version=6.2.6, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=5632, just started
5632:C 10 Nov 2021 13:44:22.370 # Configuration loaded
5632:M 10 Nov 2021 13:44:22.371 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 1024).
5632:M 10 Nov 2021 13:44:22.371 * monotonic clock: POSIX clock_gettime
5632:M 10 Nov 2021 13:44:22.371 * Running mode=standalone, port=9736.
5632:M 10 Nov 2021 13:44:22.371 # WARNING: The TCP backlog setting of 511 cannot be enforced because /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn is set to the lower value of 128.
5632:M 10 Nov 2021 13:44:22.371 # Server initialized
5632:M 10 Nov 2021 13:44:22.371 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.
5632:M 10 Nov 2021 13:44:22.372 * Ready to accept connections

这样，一个单机redis很快就完成了，当然，这些还是不够自动化，如果有必要可以全部编写为一个完全自动安装得脚本，从而至少可以节约30分钟以上！

 

使用systemctl 添加服务

毕竟init.d已经是比较落后的方式，centos/linux会逐渐使用systemctl来控制服务，所以可以使用systemctl来添加注册服务。

如何使用sytemctl注册服务，可以参阅 https://www.jianshu.com/p/79059b06a121

注意：systemctl可以管理两个配置的服务upstart（init.d)和systemd(....service)

在centos7.6中，查看系统服务都是systemd模式的：

这个版本的redis也很贴心地给了一个systemctl服务的模板，分单机和集群的，我们来看下单机的模板：

systemd-redis_server.service

# example systemd service unit file for redis-server
#
# In order to use this as a template for providing a redis service in your
# environment, _at the very least_ make sure to adapt the redis configuration
# file you intend to use as needed (make sure to set "supervised systemd"), and
# to set sane TimeoutStartSec and TimeoutStopSec property values in the unit's
# "[Service]" section to fit your needs.
#
# Some properties, such as User= and Group=, are highly desirable for virtually
# all deployments of redis, but cannot be provided in a manner that fits all
# expectable environments. Some of these properties have been commented out in
# this example service unit file, but you are highly encouraged to set them to
# fit your needs.
#
# Please refer to systemd.unit(5), systemd.service(5), and systemd.exec(5) for
# more information.

[Unit]
Description=Redis data structure server
Documentation=https://redis.io/documentation
#Before=your_application.service another_example_application.service
#AssertPathExists=/var/lib/redis
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/redis-server --supervised systemd --daemonize no
## Alternatively, have redis-server load a configuration file:
#ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/redis-server /path/to/your/redis.conf
LimitNOFILE=10032
NoNewPrivileges=yes
#OOMScoreAdjust=-900
#PrivateTmp=yes
Type=notify
TimeoutStartSec=infinity
TimeoutStopSec=infinity
UMask=0077
#User=redis
#Group=redis
#WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/redis

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

如果不修改以上文件，则必须把redis.conf放在/etc下，否则会找不到。

如果不想放在/etc下，那么则必须修改redis.conf配置文件，并在配置文件中指定两个选项：

supervised   -- 监护方式

daemonize   -- 守护

来看下样例redis.conf中，关于这个参数的说明：

# By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it.
# Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.
# When Redis is supervised by upstart or systemd, this parameter has no impact.
# 中文大意：默认不使用守护模式（kill它都会困难，因为会反复重启）。如果使用 systemd的监管方式，那么这个参数如何设置无所谓
daemonize no

# If you run Redis from upstart or systemd, Redis can interact with your
# supervision tree. Options:
#   supervised no      - no supervision interaction     --没有交互，不能使用友好的命令的开启，查看，关闭，当然kill之类是可以的。
#   supervised upstart - signal upstart by putting Redis into SIGSTOP mode    -- upstart,传统的监管方式，就是创建init.d之类的文件
#                        requires "expect stop" in your upstart job config
#   supervised systemd - signal systemd by writing READY=1 to $NOTIFY_SOCKET   -- centos7之后的新潮监管模式，这是系统推荐的
#                        on startup, and updating Redis status on a regular
#                        basis.
#   supervised auto    - detect upstart or systemd method based on
#                        UPSTART_JOB or NOTIFY_SOCKET environment variables     --自动模式，就看有没有配置环境变量UPSTART_JOB 或者NOTIFY_SOCKET
# Note: these supervision methods only signal "process is ready."
#       They do not enable continuous pings back to your supervisor.
#
# The default is "no". To run under upstart/systemd, you can simply uncomment
# the line below:
#
# supervised auto

换言之，上面这一段，可以简化为两条（如果要使用systemctl)

# daemonize 不设置也无所谓

daemonize no 
supervised systemd

当redis.conf中做了如上配置之后，则可以在systemd-redis_server.service，如下操作

[Service]
# 注释掉下面这一句，因为我没有把redis.conf放在/etc下

# ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/redis-server --supervised systemd --daemonize no
## Alternatively, have redis-server load a configuration file:
# 使用下面这个，因为我已经在redis.conf中设置了 daemonize，supervised两个参数
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/redis-server /path/to/your/redis.conf