原库　　 目标库
操作系统 CentOS 6.4 CentOS 6.4
主机名 sht-sgmhadoopnn-01 sht-sgmhadoopnn-02
IP 172.16.101.55 172.16.101.56
数据库版本 11.2.0.4.0 11.2.0.4.0
$ORACLE_BASE /u01/app/oracle /u01/app/oracle
$ORACLE_HOME /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
数据库名 userdata　　 userdata

本次以原库全新安装后为例说明利用RMAN做异机恢复,原库和目标库路径一致,目标库仅需安装数据库软件即可,安装过程详见我的另一篇博客http://www.cnblogs.com/ilifeilong/p/7041676.html

1. 原库开启归档模式

  1. SYS@userdata>archive log list;
  2. Database log mode           　　No Archive Mode
  3. Automatic archival           　Disabled
  4. Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
  5. Oldest online log sequence     1
  6. Current log sequence           3
  7.  
  8. SYS@userdata>shutdown immediate;
  9. Database closed.
  10. Database dismounted.
  11. ORACLE instance shut down.
  12.  
  13. SYS@userdata>startup mount;
  14. ORACLE instance started.
  15.  
  16. Total System Global Area 1837244416 bytes
  17. Fixed Size            2254224 bytes
  18. Variable Size          637536880 bytes
  19. Database Buffers     1191182336 bytes
  20. Redo Buffers            6270976 bytes
  21. Database mounted.
  22.  
  23. SYS@userdata>alter database archivelog;
  24.  
  25. Database altered.
  26.  
  27. SYS@userdata>alter database open;
  28.  
  29. Database altered.
  30.  
  31. SYS@userdata>archive log list;
  32. Database log mode              Archive Mode
  33. Automatic archival             Enabled
  34. Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
  35. Oldest online log sequence     1
  36. Next log sequence to archive   3
  37. Current log sequence           3

2. 用RMAN对原库进行备份

  1. $ mkdir /home/oracle/backupset
  2. $ rman target /
  3.  
  4. Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Aug 10 20:00:02 2017
  5.  
  6. Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
  7.  
  8. connected to target database: USERDATA (DBID=3894924926)
  9.  
  10. RMAN> run {
  11. allocate channel ch1 device type disk;
  12. allocate channel ch2 device type disk;
  13. sql 'alter system archive log current';
  14. backup database format '/home/oracle/backupset/data_%U.bak';
  15. backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/backupset/arch_%U.bak';
  16. backup current controlfile format '/home/oracle/backupset/ctl_%U.bak';
  17. release channel ch1;
  18. release channel ch2;
  19. }
  20.  
  21. using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
  22. allocated channel: ch1
  23. channel ch1: SID=479 device type=DISK
  24.  
  25. allocated channel: ch2
  26. channel ch2: SID=20 device type=DISK
  27.  
  28. sql statement: alter system archive log current
  29.  
  30. Starting backup at 2017-08-10 20:05:18
  31. channel ch1: starting full datafile backup set
  32. channel ch1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
  33. input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/system01.dbf
  34. input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/users01.dbf
  35. channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 2017-08-10 20:05:18
  36. channel ch2: starting full datafile backup set
  37. channel ch2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
  38. input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/sysaux01.dbf
  39. input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/undotbs01.dbf
  40. channel ch2: starting piece 1 at 2017-08-10 20:05:18
  41. channel ch2: finished piece 1 at 2017-08-10 20:05:33
  42. piece handle=/home/oracle/backupset/data_02sbj0ru_1_1.bak tag=TAG20170810T200518 comment=NONE
  43. channel ch2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
  44. channel ch2: starting full datafile backup set
  45. channel ch2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
  46. including current control file in backup set
  47. channel ch2: starting piece 1 at 2017-08-10 20:05:35
  48. channel ch2: finished piece 1 at 2017-08-10 20:05:36
  49. piece handle=/home/oracle/backupset/data_03sbj0se_1_1.bak tag=TAG20170810T200518 comment=NONE
  50. channel ch2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
  51. channel ch2: starting full datafile backup set
  52. channel ch2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
  53. including current SPFILE in backup set
  54. channel ch2: starting piece 1 at 2017-08-10 20:05:36
  55. channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 2017-08-10 20:05:37
  56. piece handle=/home/oracle/backupset/data_01sbj0ru_1_1.bak tag=TAG20170810T200518 comment=NONE
  57. channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:19
  58. channel ch2: finished piece 1 at 2017-08-10 20:05:37
  59. piece handle=/home/oracle/backupset/data_04sbj0sg_1_1.bak tag=TAG20170810T200518 comment=NONE
  60. channel ch2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
  61. Finished backup at 2017-08-10 20:05:37
  62.  
  63. Starting backup at 2017-08-10 20:05:38
  64. current log archived
  65. channel ch1: starting archived log backup set
  66. channel ch1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
  67. input archived log thread=1 sequence=3 RECID=1 STAMP=951681918
  68. channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 2017-08-10 20:05:39
  69. channel ch2: starting archived log backup set
  70. channel ch2: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
  71. input archived log thread=1 sequence=4 RECID=2 STAMP=951681939
  72. channel ch2: starting piece 1 at 2017-08-10 20:05:39
  73. channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 2017-08-10 20:05:40
  74. piece handle=/home/oracle/backupset/arch_05sbj0sj_1_1.bak tag=TAG20170810T200539 comment=NONE
  75. channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
  76. channel ch2: finished piece 1 at 2017-08-10 20:05:40
  77. piece handle=/home/oracle/backupset/arch_06sbj0sj_1_1.bak tag=TAG20170810T200539 comment=NONE
  78. channel ch2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
  79. Finished backup at 2017-08-10 20:05:40
  80.  
  81. Starting backup at 2017-08-10 20:05:41
  82. channel ch1: starting full datafile backup set
  83. channel ch1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
  84. including current control file in backup set
  85. channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 2017-08-10 20:05:42
  86. channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 2017-08-10 20:05:43
  87. piece handle=/home/oracle/backupset/ctl_07sbj0sl_1_1.bak tag=TAG20170810T200541 comment=NONE
  88. channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
  89. Finished backup at 2017-08-10 20:05:43
  90.  
  91. released channel: ch1
  92.  
  93. released channel: ch2
  94.  
  95. SYS@userdata>create pfile='/home/oracle/backupset/pfile.ora' from spfile;

3. 将备份目录拷贝到目标节点相同目录

  1. $ scp -r /home/oracle/backupset oracle@172.16.101.56:/home/oracle/
  2. pfile.ora                                                                                          %      .0KB/s   :
  3. arch_05sbj0sj_1_1.bak                                                                              %   23MB  .5MB/s   :
  4. data_02sbj0ru_1_1.bak                                                                              %  379MB  .9MB/s   :
  5. data_01sbj0ru_1_1.bak                                                                              %  635MB  .9MB/s   :
  6. data_04sbj0sg_1_1.bak                                                                              %   96KB  .0KB/s   :
  7. arch_06sbj0sj_1_1.bak                                                                              %   14KB  .5KB/s   :
  8. ctl_07sbj0sl_1_1.bak                                                                               %   11MB  .7MB/s   :
  9. data_03sbj0se_1_1.bak                                                                              %   11MB  .7MB/s   :

3. 目标库安装数据库软件

略过,参考 http://www.cnblogs.com/ilifeilong/p/7041676.html

4. 创建密码文件

  1. $ scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwuserdata oracle@sht-sgmhadoopnn-:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/
  2. orapwuserdata                                                                                      %      .5KB/s   :

5. 还原参数文件,启动到nomount状态

  1. $ cat /home/oracle/backupset/pfile.ora
  2. userdata.__db_cache_size=
  3. userdata.__java_pool_size=
  4. userdata.__large_pool_size=
  5. userdata.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
  6. userdata.__pga_aggregate_target=
  7. userdata.__sga_target=
  8. userdata.__shared_io_pool_size=
  9. userdata.__shared_pool_size=
  10. userdata.__streams_pool_size=
  11. *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/userdata/adump'
  12. *.audit_trail='db'
  13. *.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
  14. *.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/userdata/control02.ctl'
  15. *.db_block_size=
  16. *.db_domain=''
  17. *.db_name='userdata'
  18. *.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
  19. *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=
  20. *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
  21. *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=userdataXDB)'
  22. *.java_jit_enabled=FALSE
  23. *.open_cursors=
  24. *.pga_aggregate_target=
  25. *.processes=
  26. *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
  27. *.sga_target=
  28. *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
  29.  
  30. $ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/userdata/adump
  31. $ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata
  32. $ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/userdata
  33.  
  34. SYS@userdata>startup nomount pfile='/home/oracle/backupset/pfile.ora';
  35. ORACLE instance started.
  36.  
  37. Total System Global Area  bytes
  38. Fixed Size             bytes
  39. Variable Size           bytes
  40. Database Buffers      bytes
  41. Redo Buffers             bytes
  42.  
  43. SYS@userdata>create spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/backupset/pfile.ora';
  44.  
  45. File created.
  46.  
  47. SYS@userdata>shutdown immediate;
  48. ORA-: database not mounted
  49.  
  50. ORACLE instance shut down.
  51.  
  52. SYS@userdata>startup nomount;
  53. ORACLE instance started.
  54.  
  55. Total System Global Area  bytes
  56. Fixed Size             bytes
  57. Variable Size           bytes
  58. Database Buffers      bytes
  59. Redo Buffers             bytes

6. RMAN还原控制文件,并启动到mount状态

  1. RMAN> restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/backupset/ctl_07sbj0sl_1_1.bak';
  2.  
  3. Starting restore at 2017-08-11 00:55:00
  4. using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
  5. allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
  6. channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=10 device type=DISK
  7.  
  8. channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
  9. channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
  10. output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/control01.ctl
  11. output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/userdata/control02.ctl
  12. Finished restore at 2017-08-11 00:55:02
  13.  
  14. RMAN> alter database mount;
  15.  
  16. database mounted
  17. released channel: ORA_DISK_1

7. RMAN还原与恢复数据库

  1. RMAN> recover database;
  2.  
  3. Starting recover at 2017-08-11 00:58:34
  4. allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
  5. channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=10 device type=DISK
  6.  
  7. starting media recovery
  8.  
  9. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
  10. channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log
  11. archived log thread=1 sequence=4
  12. channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/backupset/arch_06sbj0sj_1_1.bak
  13. channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/backupset/arch_06sbj0sj_1_1.bak tag=TAG20170810T200539
  14. channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
  15. channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
  16. archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/USERDATA/archivelog/2017_08_11/o1_mf_1_4_drs45wx1_.arc thread=1 sequence=4
  17. channel default: deleting archived log(s)
  18. archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/USERDATA/archivelog/2017_08_11/o1_mf_1_4_drs45wx1_.arc RECID=3 STAMP=951699516
  19. unable to find archived log
  20. archived log thread=1 sequence=5
  21. RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
  22. RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
  23. RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
  24. RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 08/11/2017 00:58:38
  25. RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 5 and starting SCN of 969878
  26.  
  27. RMAN> recover database until scn 969878;
  28.  
  29. Starting recover at 2017-08-11 00:59:49
  30. using channel ORA_DISK_1
  31.  
  32. starting media recovery
  33. media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
  34.  
  35. Finished recover at 2017-08-11 00:59:51

8. 以resetlogs方式打开数据库

  1. SYS@userdata>alter database open resetlogs;
  2.  
  3. Database altered.

9. 验证数据库数据

  1. SYS@userdata>select instance_name, status from v$instance;
  2.  
  3. INSTANCE_NAME                     STATUS
  4. ------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------
  5. userdata                     OPEN
  6.  
  7. SYS@userdata>select dbid, open_mode from v$database;
  8.  
  9.       DBID OPEN_MODE
  10. ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
  11. 3894924926 READ WRITE
  12.  
  13. SYS@userdata>select file_name from dba_data_files;
  14.  
  15. FILE_NAME
  16. ------------------------------------------------------------
  17. /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/users01.dbf
  18. /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/undotbs01.dbf
  19. /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/sysaux01.dbf
  20. /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/system01.dbf
  21.  
  22. SYS@userdata>select member from v$logfile;
  23.  
  24. MEMBER
  25. --------------------------------------------------
  26. /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/redo03.log
  27. /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/redo02.log
  28. /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/redo01.log
  29.  
  30. SYS@userdata>SELECT THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,ARCHIVED,STATUS FROM V$LOG;
  31.  
  32.    THREAD#  SEQUENCE# ARCHIVED    STATUS
  33. ---------- ---------- --------- ------------------------------------------------
  34.      1        1 NO    CURRENT
  35.      1        0 YES    UNUSED
  36.      1        0 YES    UNUSED

10. 创建监听

  1. $ cat $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora
  2. # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2./db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
  3. # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
  4.  
  5. LISTENER =
  6.   (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
  7.     (DESCRIPTION =
  8.       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
  9.       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = sht-sgmhadoopnn-)(PORT = ))
  10.     )
  11.   )
  12.  
  13. ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
  14.  
  15. $ lsnrctl start
  16.  
  17. LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4. - Production on -AUG- ::
  18.  
  19. Copyright (c) , , Oracle.  All rights reserved.
  20.  
  21. Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2./db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
  22.  
  23. TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4. - Production
  24. System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2./db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
  25. Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/sht-sgmhadoopnn-/listener/alert/log.xml
  26. Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  27. Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sht-sgmhadoopnn-)(PORT=)))
  28.  
  29. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  30. STATUS of the LISTENER
  31. ------------------------
  32. Alias                     LISTENER
  33. Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4. - Production
  34. Start Date                -AUG- ::
  35. Uptime                     days  hr.  min.  sec
  36. Trace Level               off
  37. Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
  38. SNMP                      OFF
  39. Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2./db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
  40. Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/sht-sgmhadoopnn-/listener/alert/log.xml
  41. Listening Endpoints Summary...
  42.   (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  43.   (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sht-sgmhadoopnn-)(PORT=)))
  44. The listener supports no services
  45. The command completed successfully
  46.  
  47. $ sqlplus system/
  48.  
  49. SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4. Production on Fri Aug  :: 
  50.  
  51. Copyright (c) , , Oracle.  All rights reserved.
  52.  
  53. Connected to:
  54. Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4. - 64bit Production
  55. With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
  56.  
  57. SYSTEM@userdata>

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