Core篇——初探IdentityServer4(OpenID Connect模式)
Core篇——初探IdentityServer4(OpenID Connect客户端验证)
目录
1、Oauth2协议授权码模式介绍
2、IdentityServer4的OpenID Connect客户端验证简单实现
Oauth2协议授权码模式介绍
- 授权码模式是Oauth2协议中最严格的认证模式,它的组成以及运行流程是这样
1、用户访问客户端,客户端将用户导向认证服务器
2、用户在认证服务器输入用户名密码选择授权,认证服务器认证成功后,跳转至一个指定好的"跳转Url",同时携带一个认证码。
3、用户携带认证码请求指定好的"跳转Url"再次请求认证服务器(这一步后台完成,对用户不可见),此时,由认证服务器返回一个Token
4、客户端携带token请求用户资源
- OpenId Connect运行流程为
1、用户访问客户端,客户端将用户导向认证服务器
2、用户在认证服务器输入用户名密码认证授权
3、认证服务器返回token和资源信息
IdentityServer4的OpenID Connect客户端验证简单实现
Server部分
- 添加一个Mvc项目,配置Config.cs文件
- public class Config
- {
- //定义要保护的资源(webapi)
- public static IEnumerable<ApiResource> GetApiResources()
- {
- return new List<ApiResource>
- {
- new ApiResource("api1", "My API")
- };
- }
- //定义可以访问该API的客户端
- public static IEnumerable<Client> GetClients()
- {
- return new List<Client>
- {
- new Client
- {
- ClientId = "mvc",
- // no interactive user, use the clientid/secret for authentication
- AllowedGrantTypes = GrantTypes.Implicit, //简化模式
- // secret for authentication
- ClientSecrets =
- {
- new Secret("secret".Sha256())
- },
- RequireConsent =true, //用户选择同意认证授权
- RedirectUris={ "http://localhost:5001/signin-oidc" }, //指定允许的URI返回令牌或授权码(我们的客户端地址)
- PostLogoutRedirectUris={ "http://localhost:5001/signout-callback-oidc" },//注销后重定向地址 参考https://identityserver4.readthedocs.io/en/release/reference/client.html
- LogoUri="https://ss1.bdstatic.com/70cFuXSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=3298365745,618961144&fm=27&gp=0.jpg",
- // scopes that client has access to
- AllowedScopes = { //客户端允许访问个人信息资源的范围
- IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.Profile,
- IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.OpenId,
- IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.Email,
- IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.Address,
- IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.Phone
- }
- }
- };
- }
- public static List<TestUser> GeTestUsers()
- {
- return new List<TestUser>
- {
- new TestUser
- {
- SubjectId = "",
- Username = "alice",
- Password = "password"
- },
- new TestUser
- {
- SubjectId = "",
- Username = "bob",
- Password = "password"
- }
- };
- }
- //openid connect
- public static IEnumerable<IdentityResource> GetIdentityResources()
- {
- return new List<IdentityResource>
- {
- new IdentityResources.OpenId(),
- new IdentityResources.Profile(),
- new IdentityResources.Email()
- };
- }
- }
Config
- public class Config
- 添加几个ViewModel 用来接收解析跳转URL后的参数
- public class InputConsentViewModel
- {
- public string Button { get; set; }
- public IEnumerable<string> ScopesConsented { get; set; }
- public bool RemeberConsent { get; set; }
- public string ReturnUrl { get; set; }
- }
- //解析跳转url后得到的应用权限等信息
- public class ConsentViewModel:InputConsentViewModel
- {
- public string ClientId { get; set; }
- public string ClientName { get; set; }
- public string ClientUrl { get; set; }
- public string ClientLogoUrl { get; set; }
- public IEnumerable<ScopeViewModel> IdentityScopes { get; set; }
- public IEnumerable<ScopeViewModel> ResourceScopes { get; set; }
- }
- //接收Scope
- public class ScopeViewModel
- {
- public string Name { get; set; }
- public string DisplayName { get; set; }
- public string Description { get; set; }
- public bool Emphasize { get; set; }
- public bool Required { get; set; }
- public bool Checked { get; set; }
- }
- public class ProcessConsentResult
- {
- public string RedirectUrl { get; set; }
- public bool IsRedirectUrl => RedirectUrl != null;
- public string ValidationError { get; set; }
- public ConsentViewModel ViewModel { get; set; }
- }
ViewModel
- public class InputConsentViewModel
- 配置StartUp,将IdentityServer加入到DI容器,这里有个ConsentService,用来处理解析跳转URL的数据,这个Service在下面实现。
- public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
- {
- services.AddIdentityServer()
- .AddDeveloperSigningCredential() //添加登录证书
- .AddInMemoryIdentityResources(Config.GetIdentityResources()) //添加IdentityResources
- .AddInMemoryApiResources(Config.GetApiResources())
- .AddInMemoryClients(Config.GetClients())
- .AddTestUsers(Config.GeTestUsers());
- services.AddScoped<ConsentService>();
- services.AddMvc();
- }
- public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
- {
- if (env.IsDevelopment())
- {
- app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
- }
- else
- {
- app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
- }
- app.UseStaticFiles();
- app.UseIdentityServer();//引用IdentityServer中间件
- app.UseMvc(routes =>
- {
- routes.MapRoute(
- name: "default",
- template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
- });
- }
Startup配置IdentityServer
- 添加一个ConsentService,用来根据Store拿到Resource
- public class ConsentService
- {
- private readonly IClientStore _clientStore;
- private readonly IResourceStore _resourceStore;
- private readonly IIdentityServerInteractionService _identityServerInteractionService;
- public ConsentService(IClientStore clientStore,
- IResourceStore resourceStore,
- IIdentityServerInteractionService identityServerInteractionService)
- {
- _clientStore = clientStore;
- _resourceStore = resourceStore;
- _identityServerInteractionService = identityServerInteractionService;
- }
- public async Task<ConsentViewModel> BuildConsentViewModel(string returnUrl)
- {
- //根据return url 拿到ClientId 等信息
- var request = await _identityServerInteractionService.GetAuthorizationContextAsync(returnUrl);
- if (returnUrl == null)
- return null;
- var client = await _clientStore.FindEnabledClientByIdAsync(request.ClientId);
- var resources = await _resourceStore.FindEnabledResourcesByScopeAsync(request.ScopesRequested);//根据请求的scope 拿到resources
- return CreateConsentViewModel(request, client, resources);
- }
- private ConsentViewModel CreateConsentViewModel(AuthorizationRequest request, Client client, Resources resources)
- {
- var vm = new ConsentViewModel();
- vm.ClientName = client.ClientName;
- vm.ClientLoggoUrl = client.LogoUri;
- vm.ClientUrl = client.ClientUri;
- vm.RemeberConsent = client.AllowRememberConsent;
- vm.IdentityScopes = resources.IdentityResources.Select(i => CreateScopeViewModel(i));
- //api resource
- vm.ResourceScopes = resources.ApiResources.SelectMany(i => i.Scopes).Select(x => CreateScopeViewModel(scope: x));
- return vm;
- }
- //identity 1个scopes
- private ScopeViewModel CreateScopeViewModel(IdentityResource identityResource)
- {
- return new ScopeViewModel
- {
- Name = identityResource.Name,
- DisplayName = identityResource.DisplayName,
- Description = identityResource.Description,
- Required = identityResource.Required,
- Checked = identityResource.Required,
- Emphasize = identityResource.Emphasize
- };
- }
- //apiresource
- private ScopeViewModel CreateScopeViewModel(Scope scope)
- {
- return new ScopeViewModel
- {
- Name = scope.Name,
- DisplayName = scope.DisplayName,
- Description = scope.Description,
- Required = scope.Required,
- Checked = scope.Required,
- Emphasize = scope.Emphasize
- };
- }
- }
ConsentService
- public class ConsentService
- 添加一个ConsentController,用来显示授权登录页面,以及相应的跳转登录逻辑。
- public class ConsentController : Controller
- {
- private readonly ConsentService _consentService;
- public ConsentController(ConsentService consentService)
- {
- _consentService = consentService;
- }
- public async Task<IActionResult> Index(string returnUrl)
- {
- //调用consentService的BuildConsentViewModelAsync方法,将跳转Url作为参数传入,解析得到一个ConsentViewModel
- var model =await _consentService.BuildConsentViewModelAsync(returnUrl);
- if (model == null)
- return null;
- return View(model);
- }
- [HttpPost]
- public async Task<IActionResult> Index(InputConsentViewModel viewModel)
- {
- //用户选择确认按钮的时候,根据选择按钮确认/取消,以及勾选权限
- var result = await _consentService.PorcessConsent(viewModel);
- if (result.IsRedirectUrl)
- {
- return Redirect(result.RedirectUrl);
- }
- if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(result.ValidationError))
- {
- ModelState.AddModelError("", result.ValidationError);
- }
- return View(result.ViewModel);
- }
- }
ConsentController
- 配置服务端的登录Controller
- public class AccountController : Controller
- {
- private readonly TestUserStore _user; //放入DI容器中的TestUser(GeTestUsers方法),通过这个对象获取
- public AccountController(TestUserStore user)
- {
- _user = user;
- } public IActionResult Login(string returnUrl = null)
- {
- ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
- return View();
- }
- [HttpPost]
- public async Task<IActionResult> Login(LoginViewModel loginViewModel,string returnUrl)
- {
- //用户登录
- if (ModelState.IsValid)
- {
- ViewData["ReturnUrl"] = returnUrl;
- var user = _user.FindByUsername(loginViewModel.Email);
- if (user == null)
- {
- ModelState.AddModelError(nameof(loginViewModel.Email), "Email not exists");
- }
- else
- {
- var result = _user.ValidateCredentials(loginViewModel.Email, loginViewModel.Password);
- if(result)
- {
- var props = new AuthenticationProperties()
- {
- IsPersistent = true,
- ExpiresUtc = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow.AddMinutes()
- };
- await Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.AuthenticationManagerExtensions.SignInAsync( //Id4扩展方法和HttpContext扩展方法重名,这里强制使用命名空间方法
- this.HttpContext,
- user.SubjectId,
- user.Username,
- props);
- return RedirectToLoacl(returnUrl);
- }
- else
- {
- ModelState.AddModelError(nameof(loginViewModel.Email), "Wrong password");
- }
- }
- }
- return View();
- }
AccountController
- public class AccountController : Controller
- 接下来给Consent控制器的Index添加视图
- @using mvcCookieAuthSample.ViewModels
- @model ConsentViewModel
- <h2>ConsentPage</h2>
- @*consent*@
- <div class="row page-header">
- <div class="col-sm-10">
- @if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(Model.ClientLogoUrl))
- {
- <div>
- <img src="@Model.ClientLogoUrl" style="width:50px;height:50px" />
- </div>
- }
- <h1>@Model.ClientName</h1>
- <p>希望使用你的账户</p>
- </div>
- </div>
- @*客户端*@
- <div class="row">
- <div class="col-sm-8">
- <div asp-validation-summary="All" class="danger"></div>
- <form asp-action="Index" method="post">
- <input type="hidden" asp-for="ReturnUrl"/>
- @if (Model.IdentityScopes.Any())
- {
- <div class="panel">
- <div class="panel-heading">
- <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span>
- 用户信息
- </div>
- <ul class="list-group">
- @foreach (var scope in Model.IdentityScopes)
- {
- @Html.Partial("_ScopeListitem.cshtml", scope);
- }
- </ul>
- </div>
- }
- @if (Model.ResourceScopes.Any())
- {
- <ul class="list-group">
- @foreach (var scope in Model.ResourceScopes)
- {
- @Html.Partial("_ScopeListitem.cshtml", scope);
- }</ul>
- }
- <div>
- <label>
- <input type="checkbox" asp-for="RemeberConsent"/>
- <strong>记住我的选择</strong>
- </label>
- </div>
- <div>
- <button name="button" value="yes" class="btn btn-primary" autofocus>同意</button>
- <button name="button" value="no">取消</button>
- @if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Model.ClientUrl))
- {
- <a href="@Model.ClientUrl" class="pull-right btn btn-default">
- <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-info-sign" ></span>
- <strong>@Model.ClientUrl</strong>
- </a>
- }
- </div>
- </form>
- </div>
- </div>
- //这里用到了一个分部视图用来显示用户允许授权的身份资源和api资源
- @using mvcCookieAuthSample.ViewModels
- @model ScopeViewModel;
- <li>
- <label>
- <input type="checkbox"
- name="ScopesConsented"
- id="scopes_@Model.Name"
- value="@Model.Name"
- checked=@Model.Checked
- disabled=@Model.Required/>
- @if (Model.Required)
- {
- <input type="hidden" name="ScopesConsented" value="@Model.Name" />
- }
- <strong>@Model.Name</strong>
- @if (Model.Emphasize)
- {
- <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-exclamation-sign"></span>
- }
- </label>
- @if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(Model.Description))
- {
- <div>
- <label for="scopes_@Model.Name">@Model.Description</label>
- </div>
- }
- </li>
Index.cshtml
- @using mvcCookieAuthSample.ViewModels
- 添加客户端,依旧添加一个mvc项目,配置startup,Home/Index action打上Authorize标签。
- public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
- {
- services.AddAuthentication(options => {
- options.DefaultScheme = "Cookies";
- options.DefaultChallengeScheme = "oidc";//openidconnectservice
- })
- .AddCookie("Cookies")
- .AddOpenIdConnect("oidc",options=> {
- options.SignInScheme = "Cookies";
- options.Authority = "http://localhost:5000"; //设置认证服务器
- options.RequireHttpsMetadata = false;
- options.ClientId = "mvc"; //openidconfig的配置信息
- options.ClientSecret = "secret";
- options.SaveTokens = true;
- });
- services.AddMvc();
- }
- public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
- {
- if (env.IsDevelopment())
- {
- app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
- app.UseBrowserLink();
- }
- else
- {
- app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
- }
- app.UseStaticFiles();
- app.UseAuthentication();
- app.UseMvc(routes =>
- {
- routes.MapRoute(
- name: "default",
- template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
- });
- }
客户端配置Startup
- public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
设置服务端端口5000,运行服务器端;设置客户端端口5001,运行客户端。我们可以看到,localhost:5001会跳转至认证服务器
然后看下Url=》
使用config配置的testuser登录系统,选择允许授权的身份权限。登录成功后看到我们的Claims
总结
- 最后来总结一下
用户访问客户端(5001端口程序),客户端将用户导向认证服务器(5000程序),用户选择允许授权的身份资源和api资源后台解析(这两个资源分别由Resources提供,resources 由IResourceStore解析returnurl后的Scopes提供),最后由ProfileService返回数条Claim。(查看ConsentService的各个方法)
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