SpringDataJpa开发环境的搭建以及使用

一、所需工具

　　安装jdk、IntelliJ IDEA和mysql数据库。

二、SpringDataJpa快速起步

　　开发环境的搭建：

　　　　　　　　　　①、在IDEA软件上添加依赖包：在http://mvnrepository.com/网址里面搜索spring-data-jpa，选择1.8.0版本。复制依赖包添加到IDEA的pom.xml文件上面。

　　　　　　　　　　　　

  <dependencies>
    <!--MySQL Driver-->
    <dependency>
       <groupId>mysql</groupId>
       <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
       <version>5.1.38</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--junit-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--spring data jpa-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
      <version>1.8.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
      <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.6.Final</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.11.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

　　　　　　　　　　②、在resource文件夹下建立一个beans.xml文件。配置内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">

    <!--1:配置数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="062988"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/spring_test"/>
    </bean>

    <!--2:配置EntityManagerFactory-->
    <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"/>
        </property>
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.example"/>

        <property name="jpaProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy">org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!--3:配置事物管理器-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
    </bean>
    <!--4:配置支持注解的事务-->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
    <!--5:配置spring data-->
    <jpa:repositories base-package="com.example" entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.example"/>
</beans>

　　在java文件夹下面建立一个包repository，在该文件夹下建立一个接口EmployeeRepository

/**
 * 通过注解方式实现
 */

@RepositoryDefinition(domainClass = Employee.class,idClass = Integer.class)
public interface EmployeeRepository //extends Repository<Employee,Integer> {
{
    public Employee findByName(String name);
    public Employee findByAge(Integer age);
    public Employee findById(Integer id);

    //where name like ?% and age <?
    public List<Employee> findByNameStartingWithAndAgeLessThan(String name,Integer age);
    //where name like ?% and age <?
    public List<Employee> findByNameEndingWithAndAgeLessThan(String name,Integer age);
    //where name in (?,?....) or age<?
    public List<Employee> findByNameInOrAgeLessThan(List<String> names,Integer age);

    //where name in (?,?....) and age<?
    public List<Employee> findByNameInAndAgeLessThan(List<String> names,Integer age);

    @Query("select o from Employee o where id=(select max(id) from Employee t1)")
    public Employee getEmployeeByMaxId();

    @Query("select o from Employee o where o.name=?1 and o.age=?2")
    public List<Employee> queryParams1(String name,Integer age);

    @Query("select o from Employee o where o.name=:name and o.age=:age")
    public List<Employee> queryParams2(@org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param("name") String name, @org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param("age") Integer age);

    @Query("select o from Employee o where o.name like %?1%")
    public List<Employee> queryLike1( String name);

    @Query("select o from Employee o where o.name like %:name%")
    public List<Employee> queryLike2(@org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param("name")String name);

    @Query(nativeQuery = true,value = "select count(1) from employee")
    public long getCount();

    @Modifying
    @Query("update Employee o set o.age= :age where o.id = :id")
    public void updata(@org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param("id")Integer id, @org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param("age")Integer age);

    @Modifying
    @Query("delete from Employee o where o.id = :id")
    public void delete(@org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param("id")Integer id);

}

/***
 * 通过继承Repository接口实现
 */
//public interface EmployeeRepository extends Repository<Employee,Integer> {
//    public Employee findByName(String name);
//    public Employee findByAge(Integer age);
//    public Employee findById(Integer id);
//}

　　在test文件夹下建立一个包repository，在该文件夹下建立一个测试类EmployeeRepositoryTest.java。

public class EmployeeRepositoryTest {

    private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
    private EmployeeRepository employeeRepository = null;

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans-new.xml");
        employeeRepository = ctx.getBean(EmployeeRepository.class);
        System.out.println("setup");
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() {
        ctx = null;
        System.out.println("tearDown");
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindByName() {
        Employee employee = employeeRepository.findByName("zhangsan");
        System.out.println("id:"+employee.getId()+",name:"+employee.getName()+",age:"+employee.getAge());
    }
    @Test
    public void testFindByAge() {
        Employee employee = employeeRepository.findByAge(21);
        System.out.println("id:"+employee.getId()+",name:"+employee.getName()+",age:"+employee.getAge());
    }
    @Test
    public void testFindById() {
        Employee employee = employeeRepository.findById(1);
        System.out.println("id:"+employee.getId()+",name:"+employee.getName()+",age:"+employee.getAge());
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindByNameStartingWithAndAgeLessThan() {
        List<Employee> employees = employeeRepository.findByNameStartingWithAndAgeLessThan("test",22);
        for(Employee employee:employees) {

            System.out.println("id:"+employee.getId()+"," +
                    "name:"+employee.getName()+
                    ",age:"+employee.getAge());
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindByNameEndingWithAndAgeLessThan() {
        List<Employee> employees = employeeRepository.findByNameEndingWithAndAgeLessThan("6",23);
        for(Employee employee:employees) {

            System.out.println("id:"+employee.getId()+"," +
                    "name:"+employee.getName()+
                    ",age:"+employee.getAge());
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindByNameInOrAgeLessThan() {
        List<String> names=new ArrayList<String>();
        names.add("test1");
        names.add("test2");
        names.add("test3");
        List<Employee> employees = employeeRepository.findByNameInOrAgeLessThan(names,22);
        for(Employee employee:employees) {
            System.out.println("id:"+employee.getId()+"," +
                    "name:"+employee.getName()+
                    ",age:"+employee.getAge());
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindByNameInAndAgeLessThan() {
        List<String> names=new ArrayList<String>();
        names.add("test1");
        names.add("test2");
        names.add("test3");
        List<Employee> employees = employeeRepository.findByNameInAndAgeLessThan(names,22);
        for(Employee employee:employees) {
            System.out.println("id:"+employee.getId()+"," +
                    "name:"+employee.getName()+
                    ",age:"+employee.getAge());
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetEmployeeByMaxId() {
        Employee employee = employeeRepository.getEmployeeByMaxId();
        System.out.println("id:"+employee.getId()+"," +
                "name:"+employee.getName()+
                ",age:"+employee.getAge());
    }

    @Test
    public void testQueryParams1() {
        List<Employee> employees = employeeRepository.queryParams1("lisi",21);
        for (Employee employee:employees) {
            System.out.println("id:"+employee.getId()+"," +
                    "name:"+employee.getName()+
                    ",age:"+employee.getAge());
        }
    }
    @Test
    public void testQueryParams2() {
        List<Employee> employees = employeeRepository.queryParams2("lisi",21);
        for (Employee employee:employees) {
            System.out.println("id:"+employee.getId()+"," +
                    "name:"+employee.getName()+
                    ",age:"+employee.getAge());
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testQueryLike1() {
        List<Employee> employees = employeeRepository.queryLike1("test");
        for (Employee employee:employees) {
            System.out.println("id:"+employee.getId()+"," +
                    "name:"+employee.getName()+
                    ",age:"+employee.getAge());
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testQueryLike2() {
        List<Employee> employees = employeeRepository.queryLike2("test1");
        for (Employee employee:employees) {
            System.out.println("id:"+employee.getId()+"," +
                    "name:"+employee.getName()+
                    ",age:"+employee.getAge());
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetCount() {
        long count = employeeRepository.getCount();
        System.out.println("count:"+count);
    }
}

　　点击testFindByName右键运行，控制台将打印出根据名字查询到的数据库信息。