[Hadoop] Windows 下的 Hadoop 2.7.5 环境搭建
原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/memento/p/9148721.html
准备说明：
jdk：jdk-8u161-windows-x64.exe
hadoop：hadoop-2.7.5.tar.gz
OS：Window 10
一、JDK 安装配置
详见：JDK 环境配置（图文）
二、Hadoop 安装配置
1、在 http://hadoop.apache.org/releases.html 处下载 hadoop-2.7.5.tar.gz ；
2、将 hadoop-2.7.5.tar.gz 文件解压缩（以放在 D 盘根目录下为例）；
3、配置 HADOOP_HOME 环境路径；
并追加目录下的 bin 和 sbin 文件夹路径到 PATH 变量中；
4、在命令行窗口中输入 hadoop 命令进行验证；
如果提示 JAVA_HOME 路径不对，需要去修改 %HADOOP_HOME%\etc\hadoop\hadoop-env.cmd 里的配置：
set JAVA_HOME=%JAVA_HOME%
@rem 修改为
set JAVA_HOME=C:\Progra~1\Java\jdk1.8.0_161
三、Hadoop 配置文件
core-site.xml
<configuration>
<!-- 指定使用 hadoop 时产生文件的存放目录 -->
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/D:/hadoop/workplace/tmp</value>
<description>namenode 上本地的 hadoop 临时文件夹</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>hadoop.name.dir</name>
<value>/D:/hadoop/workplace/name</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定 namenode 地址 -->
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>
<description>HDFS 的 URI，文件系统://namenode标识:端口号</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>io.file.buffer.size</name>
<value>131072</value>
</property>
</configuration>
hdfs-site.xml
<configuration>
<!-- 指定 hdfs 保存数据的副本数量 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
<description>副本个数，配置默认是 3，应小于 datanode 服务器数量</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
<value>/D:/hadoop/workplace/name</value>
<description>namenode 上存储 HDFS 命名空间元数据</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
<value>/D:/hadoop/workplace/data</value>
<description>datanode 上数据块的物理存储位置</description>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>dfs.permissions</name>
<value>true</value>
<description>
If "true", enable permission checking in HDFS.
If "false", permission checking is turned off,
but all other behavior is unchanged.
Switching from one parameter value to the other does not change the mode,
owner or group of files or directories.
</description>
</property>
</configuration>
mapred-site.xml
<configuration>
<!-- MR 运行在 YARN 上 -->
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
<value>localhost:10020</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
<value>localhost:19888</value>
</property>
</configuration>
yarn-site.xml
<configuration>
<!-- nodemanager 获取数据的方式是 shuffle -->
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>
<value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
</property>
</configuration>
四、格式化 namenode
hadoop namenode –format 出现异常：
DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute hdfs command is deprecated.
Instead use the hdfs command for it.
18/02/09 12:18:11 ERROR util.Shell: Failed to locate the winutils binary in the hadoop binary path
java.io.IOException: Could not locate executable D:\hadoop\bin\winutils.exe in the Hadoop binaries.
at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.getQualifiedBinPath(Shell.java:382)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.getWinUtilsPath(Shell.java:397)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell.<clinit>(Shell.java:390)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.StringUtils.<clinit>(StringUtils.java:80)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.common.HdfsServerConstants$RollingUpgradeStartupOption.getAllOptionString(HdfsServerConstants.java:80)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.<clinit>(NameNode.java:265)
下载 window-hadoop-bin.zip 压缩包，解压并替换掉 hadoop\bin 目录下的文件，然后再重新格式化：
C:\Users\Memento>hadoop namenode -format
DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute hdfs command is deprecated.
Instead use the hdfs command for it.
18/06/07 06:25:02 INFO namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG:
/************************************************************
STARTUP_MSG: Starting NameNode
STARTUP_MSG: host = PC-Name/IP
STARTUP_MSG: args = [-format]
STARTUP_MSG: version = 2.7.5
STARTUP_MSG: classpath = 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.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\hdfs\lib\xercesImpl-2.9.1.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\hdfs\lib\xml-apis-1.3.04.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\hdfs\lib\xmlenc-0.52.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\hdfs\hadoop-hdfs-2.7.5-tests.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\hdfs\hadoop-hdfs-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\hdfs\hadoop-hdfs-nfs-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\activation-1.1.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\aopalliance-1.0.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\asm-3.2.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\commons-cli-1.2.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\commons-codec-1.4.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\commons-collections-3.2.2.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\commons-compress-1.4.1.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\commons-io-2.4.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\commons-lang-2.6.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\commons-logging-1.1.3.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\guava-11.0.2.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\guice-3.0.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\guice-servlet-3.0.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\jackson-jaxrs-1.9.13.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\jackson-xc-1.9.13.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\javax.inject-1.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\jaxb-api-2.2.2.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\jaxb-impl-2.2.3-1.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\jersey-client-1.9.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\jersey-core-1.9.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\jersey-guice-1.9.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\jersey-json-1.9.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\jersey-server-1.9.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\jettison-1.1.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\jetty-6.1.26.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\jetty-util-6.1.26.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\jsr305-3.0.0.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\leveldbjni-all-1.8.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\log4j-1.2.17.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\netty-3.6.2.Final.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\servlet-api-2.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\stax-api-1.0-2.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\xz-1.0.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\zookeeper-3.4.6-tests.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\lib\zookeeper-3.4.6.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\hadoop-yarn-api-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\hadoop-yarn-applications-distributedshell-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\hadoop-yarn-applications-unmanaged-am-launcher-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\hadoop-yarn-client-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\hadoop-yarn-common-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\hadoop-yarn-registry-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\hadoop-yarn-server-applicationhistoryservice-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\hadoop-yarn-server-common-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\hadoop-yarn-server-nodemanager-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\hadoop-yarn-server-resourcemanager-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\hadoop-yarn-server-sharedcachemanager-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\hadoop-yarn-server-tests-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\yarn\hadoop-yarn-server-web-proxy-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\aopalliance-1.0.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\asm-3.2.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\avro-1.7.4.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\commons-compress-1.4.1.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\commons-io-2.4.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\guice-3.0.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\guice-servlet-3.0.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\hadoop-annotations-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\hamcrest-core-1.3.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\jackson-core-asl-1.9.13.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.13.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\javax.inject-1.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\jersey-core-1.9.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\jersey-guice-1.9.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\jersey-server-1.9.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\junit-4.11.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\leveldbjni-all-1.8.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\log4j-1.2.17.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\netty-3.6.2.Final.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\paranamer-2.3.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\protobuf-java-2.5.0.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\snappy-java-1.0.4.1.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\lib\xz-1.0.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\hadoop-mapreduce-client-app-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\hadoop-mapreduce-client-common-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\hadoop-mapreduce-client-core-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-plugins-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient-2.7.5-tests.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\hadoop-mapreduce-client-shuffle-2.7.5.jar;D:\hadoop\share\hadoop\mapreduce\hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.5.jar
STARTUP_MSG: build = https://shv@git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop.git -r 18065c2b6806ed4aa6a3187d77cbe21bb3dba075; compiled by 'kshvachk' on 2017-12-16T01:06Z
STARTUP_MSG: java = 1.8.0_151
************************************************************/
18/06/07 06:25:02 INFO namenode.NameNode: createNameNode [-format]
18/06/07 06:25:03 WARN common.Util: Path /usr/hadoop/hdfs/name should be specified as a URI in configuration files. Please update hdfs configuration.
18/06/07 06:25:03 WARN common.Util: Path /usr/hadoop/hdfs/name should be specified as a URI in configuration files. Please update hdfs configuration.
Formatting using clusterid: CID-923c0653-5a78-46ca-a788-6502dc43047d
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: No KeyProvider found.
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: fsLock is fair: true
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Detailed lock hold time metrics enabled: false
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO blockmanagement.DatanodeManager: dfs.block.invalidate.limit=1000
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO blockmanagement.DatanodeManager: dfs.namenode.datanode.registration.ip-hostname-check=true
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: dfs.namenode.startup.delay.block.deletion.sec is set to 000:00:00:00.000
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: The block deletion will start around 2018 六月 07 06:25:04
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map BlocksMap
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO util.GSet: 2.0% max memory 889 MB = 17.8 MB
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^21 = 2097152 entries
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: dfs.block.access.token.enable=false
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: defaultReplication = 3
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: maxReplication = 512
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: minReplication = 1
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: maxReplicationStreams = 2
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: replicationRecheckInterval = 3000
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: encryptDataTransfer = false
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO blockmanagement.BlockManager: maxNumBlocksToLog = 1000
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: fsOwner = Memento (auth:SIMPLE)
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: supergroup = supergroup
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: isPermissionEnabled = true
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: HA Enabled: false
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Append Enabled: true
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map INodeMap
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO util.GSet: 1.0% max memory 889 MB = 8.9 MB
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^20 = 1048576 entries
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSDirectory: ACLs enabled? false
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSDirectory: XAttrs enabled? true
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSDirectory: Maximum size of an xattr: 16384
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.NameNode: Caching file names occuring more than 10 times
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map cachedBlocks
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO util.GSet: 0.25% max memory 889 MB = 2.2 MB
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^18 = 262144 entries
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.threshold-pct = 0.9990000128746033
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.min.datanodes = 0
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: dfs.namenode.safemode.extension = 30000
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO metrics.TopMetrics: NNTop conf: dfs.namenode.top.window.num.buckets = 10
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO metrics.TopMetrics: NNTop conf: dfs.namenode.top.num.users = 10
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO metrics.TopMetrics: NNTop conf: dfs.namenode.top.windows.minutes = 1,5,25
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Retry cache on namenode is enabled
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: Retry cache will use 0.03 of total heap and retry cache entry expiry time is 600000 millis
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO util.GSet: Computing capacity for map NameNodeRetryCache
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO util.GSet: VM type = 64-bit
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO util.GSet: 0.029999999329447746% max memory 889 MB = 273.1 KB
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO util.GSet: capacity = 2^15 = 32768 entries
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSImage: Allocated new BlockPoolId: BP-869377568-192.168.1.104-1528323904862
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory C:\usr\hadoop\hdfs\name has been successfully formatted.
18/06/07 06:25:04 INFO namenode.FSImageFormatProtobuf: Saving image file C:\usr\hadoop\hdfs\name\current\fsimage.ckpt_0000000000000000000 using no compression
18/06/07 06:25:05 INFO namenode.FSImageFormatProtobuf: Image file C:\usr\hadoop\hdfs\name\current\fsimage.ckpt_0000000000000000000 of size 324 bytes saved in 0 seconds.
18/06/07 06:25:05 INFO namenode.NNStorageRetentionManager: Going to retain 1 images with txid >= 0
18/06/07 06:25:05 INFO util.ExitUtil: Exiting with status 0
18/06/07 06:25:05 INFO namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG:
/************************************************************
SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at Memento-PC/192.168.1.104
************************************************************/
五、启动 Hadoop
C:\Users\Memento>start-all.cmd
This script is Deprecated. Instead use start-dfs.cmd and start-yarn.cmd
starting yarn daemons
如果出现如下异常，提示说无法解析 master 地址：
org.apache.hadoop.yarn.exceptions.YarnRuntimeException: java.io.IOException: Failed on local exception: java.net.SocketException: Unresolved address; Host Details : local host is: "master"; destination host is: (unknown):0
此时需要在 C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts 文件中追加 master 的映射：192.168.1.104 master
然后再重新执行启动命令 start-all.cmd；
随后会出现四个命令窗口，依次如下：
1、Apache Hadoop Distribution - hadoop namenode
2、Apache Hadoop Distribution - yarn resourcemanager
3、Apache Hadoop Distribution - yarn nodemanager
4、Apache Hadoop Distribution - hadoop datanode
六、JPS 查看启动进程
C:\Users\XXXXX>jps
13460 Jps
14676 NodeManager
12444 NameNode
14204 DataNode
14348 ResourceManager
七、MapReduce 任务和 hdfs 文件
通过浏览器浏览 localhost:8080 和 localhost:50070 访问浏览：
至此，Hadoop 在 Windows 下的环境搭建完成！
关闭 hadoop
C:\Users\XXXXX>stop-all.cmd
This script is Deprecated. Instead use stop-dfs.cmd and stop-yarn.cmd
成功: 给进程发送了终止信号，进程的 PID 为 27204。
成功: 给进程发送了终止信号，进程的 PID 为 7884。
stopping yarn daemons
成功: 给进程发送了终止信号，进程的 PID 为 20464。
成功: 给进程发送了终止信号，进程的 PID 为 12516。 信息: 没有运行的带有指定标准的任务。
相关参考：
winutils：https://github.com/steveloughran/winutils
不想下火车的人：https://www.cnblogs.com/wuxun1997/p/6847950.html
bin 附件下载：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1XCTTQVKcsMoaLOLh4X4bhw
By. Memento
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