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group by 后面加select中那些没有放在聚合函数中的参数:比如这个句子应该是加“sex”;

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聚合函数有sum() 求和      avg()求平均    count() 求个数

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having关键字,打个不太恰当的比方,相当于where关键字,相对于筛选条件,具体查看备注

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order by 是指按照那个排序。desc是倒序排序

aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />

order by 1就是升序排序,也就是默认排序,正常排序

aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />

备注:

where 子句的作用是在对查询结果进行分组前,将不符合where条件的行去掉,即在分组之前过滤数据,条件中不能包含聚组函数,使用where条件显示特定的行。

having 子句的作用是筛选满足条件的组,即在分组之后过滤数据,条件中经常包含聚组函数,使用having 条件显示特定的组,也可以使用多个分组标准进行分组。

having 子句被限制子已经在SELECT语句中定义的列和聚合表达式上。通常,你需要通过在HAVING子句中重复聚合函数表达式来引用聚合值,就如你在SELECT语句中做的那样。例如: 
SELECT A COUNT(B) FROM TABLE GROUP BY A HAVING COUNT(B)>2

												

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