动态规划-击爆气球 Burst Balloons
2018-10-03 19:29:43
问题描述:
问题求解:
很有意思的题目,首先想到的是暴力遍历解空间,当然也用到了memo,可惜还是TLE,因为时间复杂度确实有点过高了,应该是O(n!)。
Map<LinkedList, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
public int maxCoins(int[] nums) {
if (nums.length == 0) return 0;
LinkedList<Integer> list = new LinkedList<>();
for (int i : nums) list.add(i);
return helper(list);
} private int helper(LinkedList<Integer> list) {
if (list.size() == 1) return list.get(0);
if (map.containsKey(list)) return map.get(list);
int res = 1;
ArrayList<Integer> arr = new ArrayList<>(list);
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
int pre = i == 0 ? 1 : arr.get(i - 1);
int cur = arr.get(i);
int next = i == arr.size() - 1 ? 1 : arr.get(i + 1);
list.remove(i);
res = Math.max(res, pre * cur * next + helper(list));
list.add(i, cur);
}
map.put(list, res);
return res;
}
本题给出了数据规模,基本已经提示了时间复杂度为O(n^3)左右比较合适。下面给出本题的标准解法,使用的是动态规划算法。
dp[i][j]:nums[i]到nums[j]能获得的最高分数
dp[i][j] = max(dp[i][k - 1] + nums[i - 1] * nums[k] * nums[j + 1] + dp[k + 1][j]) i <= k <= j // 每次挑选一个最后打爆的气球可以将问题规模下降
给原问题加上padding可以更方便编程。
public int maxCoins(int[] nums) {
if (nums.length == 0) return 0;
int n = nums.length;
int[] numsPadding = new int[n + 2];
numsPadding[0] = 1;
numsPadding[n + 1] = 1;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) numsPadding[i] = nums[i - 1];
int[][] dp = new int[n + 2][n + 2];
for (int len = 1; len <= n; len++) {
for (int i = 1; i <= n - len + 1; i++) {
int j = i + len - 1;
for (int k = i; k <= j; k++) {
dp[i][j] = Math.max(dp[i][j], dp[i][k - 1] + numsPadding[i - 1] * numsPadding[k] * numsPadding[j + 1] + dp[k + 1][j]);
}
}
}
return dp[1][n];
}
错误记录:
初始化的时候想当然的认为len == 1的时候结果的数值为numspadding[i],导致失败。
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