python_reques接口测试框架，Excel作为案例数据源

一、框架菜单

1.1 common模块

 1.2 其他

二、Excel接口测试案例编写

三、读取Excel测试封装（核心封装）

excel_utils.py  读取Excel中的数据

import os
import xlrd   #内置模块、第三方模块pip install  自定义模块
 
class ExcelUtils():
    def __init__(self,file_path,sheet_name):
        self.file_path = file_path
        self.sheet_name = sheet_name
        self.sheet = self.get_sheet()  # 整个表格对象
 
    def get_sheet(self):
        wb = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_path)
        sheet = wb.sheet_by_name(self.sheet_name)
        return sheet
 
    def get_row_count(self):
        row_count = self.sheet.nrows
        return row_count
 
    def get_col_count(self):
        col_count = self.sheet.ncols
        return col_count
 
    def __get_cell_value(self,row_index, col_index):
        cell_value = self.sheet.cell_value(row_index,col_index)
        return cell_value
 
    def get_merged_info(self):
        merged_info = self.sheet.merged_cells
        return merged_info
 
    def get_merged_cell_value(self,row_index, col_index):
        """既能获取普通单元格的数据又能获取合并单元格数据"""
        cell_value = None
        for (rlow, rhigh, clow, chigh) in self.get_merged_info():
            if (row_index >= rlow and row_index < rhigh):
                if (col_index >= clow and col_index < chigh):
                    cell_value = self.__get_cell_value(rlow, clow)
                    break;  # 防止循环去进行判断出现值覆盖的情况
                else:
                    cell_value = self.__get_cell_value(row_index, col_index)
            else:
                cell_value = self.__get_cell_value(row_index, col_index)
        return cell_value
 
    def get_sheet_data_by_dict(self):
        all_data_list = []
        first_row = self.sheet.row(0)  #获取首行数据
        for row in range(1, self.get_row_count()):
            row_dict = {}
            for col in range(0, self.get_col_count()):
                row_dict[first_row[col].value] = self.get_merged_cell_value(row, col)
            all_data_list.append(row_dict)
        return all_data_list
 
if __name__=='__main__':
    current_path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
    excel_path = os.path.join( current_path,'..','samples/data/test_case.xlsx' )
    excelUtils = ExcelUtils(excel_path,"Sheet1")
    for row in excelUtils.get_sheet_data_by_dict():
        print(  row )

testdata_utils.py 读取Excel中的数据后处理成需要的数据

import os
from common.excel_utils import ExcelUtils
from common.config_utils import config
 
current_path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
test_data_path = os.path.join( current_path,'..', config.CASE_DATA_PATH )
 
class TestdataUtils():
    def __init__(self,test_data_path = test_data_path):
        self.test_data_path = test_data_path
        self.test_data = ExcelUtils(test_data_path,"Sheet1").get_sheet_data_by_dict()
        self.test_data_by_mysql = SqlUtils().get_mysql_test_case_info()
 
    def __get_testcase_data_dict(self):
        testcase_dict = {}
        for row_data in self.test_data:
            testcase_dict.setdefault( row_data['测试用例编号'],[] ).append( row_data )
        return testcase_dict
 
    def def_testcase_data_list(self):
        testcase_list = []
        for k,v in self.__get_testcase_data_dict().items():
            one_case_dict = {}
            one_case_dict["case_id"] = k
            one_case_dict["case_info"] = v
            testcase_list.append( one_case_dict )
        return testcase_list
 
if __name__=="__main__":
    testdataUtils = TestdataUtils()
    for i in testdataUtils.def_testcase_data_list():
        print( i )

四、request封装（核心封装）

requests_utils.py   包含post请求，get请求，异常，调用断言

import ast
import re
import requests
import jsonpath
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
from requests.exceptions import ProxyError
from requests.exceptions import ConnectionError
from common.config_utils import config
from common.check_utils import CheckUtils
 
class RequestsUtils():
    def __init__(self):
        self.hosts =  config.hosts
        self.headers = {"ContentType":"application/json;charset=utf-8"}
        self.session = requests.session()
        self.temp_variables = {}
 
    def __get(self,get_info):
        try:
            url = self.hosts + get_info["请求地址"]
            response = self.session.get( url = url,
                                         params = ast.literal_eval(get_info["请求参数(get)"])
                                         )
            response.encoding = response.apparent_encoding
            if get_info["取值方式"] == "json取值":
                value = jsonpath.jsonpath( response.json(),get_info["取值代码"] )[0]
                self.temp_variables[ get_info["传值变量"] ] = value
            elif get_info["取值方式"] == "正则取值":
                value = re.findall(get_info["取值代码"],response.text)[0]
                self.temp_variables[get_info["传值变量"]] = value
            result = CheckUtils(response).run_check(get_info['期望结果类型'], get_info['期望结果'])
        except ProxyError as e:
            result = {'code': 4, 'result': '[%s]请求：代理错误异常' % (get_info["接口名称"])}
        except ConnectionError as e:
            result = {'code': 4, 'result': '[%s]请求：连接超时异常' % (get_info["接口名称"])}
        except RequestException as e:
            result = {'code': 4, 'result': '[%s]请求：Request异常，原因：%s' % (get_info["接口名称"], e.__str__())}
        except Exception as e:
            result = {'code':4,'result':'[%s]请求：系统异常，原因：%s'%(get_info["接口名称"],e.__str__())}
        return result
 
    def __post(self,post_info):
        try:
            url = self.hosts + post_info["请求地址"]
            response = self.session.post( url = url,
                                         headers = self.headers,
                                         params = ast.literal_eval(post_info["请求参数(get)"]),
                                        # data = post_infos["提交数据（post）"],
                                         json=ast.literal_eval(post_info["提交数据（post）"])
                                        )
            response.encoding = response.apparent_encoding
            if post_info["取值方式"] == "json取值":
                value = jsonpath.jsonpath( response.json(),post_info["取值代码"] )[0]
                self.temp_variables[ post_info["传值变量"] ] = value
            elif post_info["取值方式"] == "正则取值":
                value = re.findall(post_info["取值代码"],response.text)[0]
                self.temp_variables[post_info["传值变量"]] = value
            #调用CheckUtils()
            result = CheckUtils(response).run_check(post_info['期望结果类型'],post_info['期望结果'])
        except ProxyError as e:
            result = {'code': 4, 'result': '[%s]请求：代理错误异常' % (post_info["接口名称"])}
        except ConnectionError as e:
            result = {'code': 4, 'result': '[%s]请求：连接超时异常' % (post_info["接口名称"])}
        except RequestException as e:
            result = {'code': 4, 'result': '[%s]请求：Request异常，原因：%s' % (post_info["接口名称"], e.__str__())}
        except Exception as e:
            result = {'code':4,'result':'[%s]请求：系统异常，原因：%s'%(post_info["接口名称"],e.__str__())}
        return result
 
    def request(self,step_info):
        try:
            request_type = step_info["请求方式"]
            param_variable_list = re.findall('\\${\w+}', step_info["请求参数(get)"])
            if param_variable_list:
                for param_variable in param_variable_list:
                    step_info["请求参数(get)"] = step_info["请求参数(get)"]\
                        .replace(param_variable,'"%s"' % self.temp_variables.get(param_variable[2:-1]))
            if request_type == "get":
                result = self.__get( step_info )
            elif request_type == "post":
                data_variable_list = re.findall('\\${\w+}', step_info["提交数据（post）"])
                if data_variable_list:
                    for param_variable in data_variable_list:
                        step_info["提交数据（post）"] = step_info["提交数据（post）"] \
                            .replace(param_variable, '"%s"' % self.temp_variables.get(param_variable[2:-1]))
                result = self.__post( step_info )
            else:
                result = {'code':1,'result':'请求方式不支持'}
        except Exception as e:
            result = {'code':4,'result':'用例编号[%s]的[%s]步骤出现系统异常，原因：%s'%(step_info['测试用例编号'],step_info["测试用例步骤"],e.__str__())}
        return result
 
    def request_by_step(self,step_infos):
        self.temp_variables = {}
        for step_info in step_infos:
            temp_result = self.request( step_info )
            # print( temp_result )
            if temp_result['code']!=0:
                break
        return temp_result
 
if __name__=="__main__":
 
    case_info = [
        {'请求方式': 'get', '请求地址': '/cgi-bin/token', '请求参数(get)': '{"grant_type":"client_credential","appid":"wxXXXXXxc16","secret":"XXXXXXXX"}', '提交数据（post）': '', '取值方式': 'json取值', '传值变量': 'token', '取值代码': '$.access_token', '期望结果类型': '正则匹配', '期望结果': '{"access_token":"(.+?)","expires_in":(.+?)}'},
        {'请求方式': 'post', '请求地址': '/cgi-bin/tags/create', '请求参数(get)': '{"access_token":${token}}', '提交数据（post）': '{"tag" : {"name" : "衡东"}}','取值方式': '无', '传值变量': '', '取值代码': '', '期望结果类型': '正则匹配', '期望结果': '{"tag":{"id":(.+?),"name":"衡东"}}'}
    ]
    RequestsUtils().request_by_step(case_info)

五、断言封装（核心封装）

check_utils.py  断言封装，与实际结果核对

import re
import ast
 
class CheckUtils():
    def __init__(self,check_response=None):
        self.ck_response=check_response
        self.ck_rules = {
            '无': self.no_check,
            'json键是否存在': self.check_key,
            'json键值对': self.check_keyvalue,
            '正则匹配': self.check_regexp
        }
        self.pass_result = {
            'code': 0,
            'response_reason': self.ck_response.reason,
            'response_code': self.ck_response.status_code,
            'response_headers': self.ck_response.headers,
            'response_body': self.ck_response.text,
            'check_result': True,
            'message': ''  # 扩招作为日志输出等
        }
        self.fail_result = {
            'code': 2,
            'response_reason': self.ck_response.reason,
            'response_code': self.ck_response.status_code,
            'response_headers': self.ck_response.headers,
            'response_body': self.ck_response.text,
            'check_result': False,
            'message': ''  # 扩招作为日志输出等
        }
 
    def no_check(self):
        return self.pass_result
 
    def check_key(self,check_data=None):
        check_data_list = check_data.split(',')   #把需要判断的值做切割，取出键值
        res_list = [] #存放每次比较的结果
        wrong_key = [] #存放比较失败key
        for check_data in check_data_list:   #把切割的键值和取出响应结果中的所有的键一个一个对比
            if check_data in self.ck_response.json().keys():
                res_list.append(self.pass_result )
            else:
                res_list.append( self.fail_result )
                wrong_key.append(check_data)     #把失败的键放进来，便于后续日志输出
        # print(res_list)
        # print(wrong_key)
        if self.fail_result in res_list:
            return self.fail_result
        else:
            return self.pass_result
 
    def check_keyvalue(self,check_data=None):
        res_list = []  # 存放每次比较的结果
        wrong_items = []  # 存放比较失败 items
        for check_item in ast.literal_eval(check_data).items():  #literal_eval()安全性的把字符串转成字典，items（）取出键值对
            if check_item in self.ck_response.json().items():
                res_list.append( self.pass_result )
            else:
                res_list.append( self.fail_result )
                wrong_items.append(check_item)
        # print( res_list )
        # print( wrong_items )
 
        if self.fail_result in res_list:
            return self.fail_result
        else:
            return self.pass_result
 
    def check_regexp(self,check_data=None):
        pattern = re.compile(check_data)
        if re.findall(pattern=pattern,string=self.ck_response.text):  #匹配到了，不为空，为true
            return self.pass_result
        else:
            return self.fail_result
 
    def run_check(self,check_type=None,check_data=None):
        code = self.ck_response.status_code
        if code == 200:
            if check_type in self.ck_rules.keys():
                result=self.ck_rules[check_type](check_data)
                return result
            else:
                self.fail_result['message'] = '不支持%s判断方法'%check_type
                return self.fail_result
        else:
            self.fail_result['message'] = '请求的响应状态码非%s'%str(code)
            return self.fail_result
 
if __name__=="__main__":
   # 检查键是否存在,{"access_token":"hello","expires_":7200} 设为响应结果,"access_token,expires_in" 为检查对象值
    CheckUtils({"access_token":"hello","expires_":7200}).check_key("access_token,expires_in")
    #检查键值对是否存在
    CheckUtils({"access_token":"hello","expires_i":7200}).check_keyvalue('{"expires_in": 7200}')
    #正则对比
   #TURE
    print(CheckUtils('{"access_token":"hello","expires_in":7200}').check_regexp('"expires_in":(.+?)'))
   #False
    print(CheckUtils('{"access_token":"hello","expires":7200}').check_regexp('"expires_in":(.+?)'))

六、api_testcase下的api_test.py 封装

import warnings
import unittest
import paramunittest
from common.testdata_utils import TestdataUtils
from common.requests_utils import RequestsUtils
 
#如果是mysql数据源的话切换成  def_testcase_data_list_by_mysql()   exccel数据源：def_testcase_data_list()
 
case_infos = TestdataUtils().def_testcase_data_list_by_mysql()
 
@paramunittest.parametrized(
    *case_infos
)
 
class APITest(paramunittest.ParametrizedTestCase):
    def setUp(self) -> None:
        warnings.simplefilter('ignore', ResourceWarning)  #不会弹出警告提示
 
    def setParameters(self, case_id, case_info):
        self.case_id = case_id
        self.case_info = case_info
 
    def test_api_common_function(self):
        '''测试描述'''
        self._testMethodName = self.case_info[0].get("测试用例编号")
        self._testMethodDoc = self.case_info[0].get("测试用例名称")
        actual_result = RequestsUtils().request_by_step(self.case_info)
        self.assertTrue( actual_result.get('check_result'),actual_result.get('message') )
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

七、common下的log_utils.py 封装

import os
import logging
import time
from common.config_utils import config
 
current_path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
log_output_path = os.path.join( current_path,'..', config.LOG_PATH  )
 
class LogUtils():
    def __init__(self,log_path=log_output_path):
        self.log_name = os.path.join( log_output_path ,'ApiTest_%s.log'%time.strftime('%Y_%m_%d') )
        self.logger = logging.getLogger("ApiTestLog")
        self.logger.setLevel( config.LOG_LEVEL )
 
        console_handler = logging.StreamHandler()  # 控制台输出
        file_handler = logging.FileHandler(self.log_name,'a',encoding='utf-8')  # 文件输出
        formatter = logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s %(name)s %(levelname)s %(message)s")
        console_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
        file_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
 
        self.logger.addHandler( console_handler )
        self.logger.addHandler( file_handler )
 
        console_handler.close()  # 防止打印日志重复
        file_handler.close()     # 防止打印日志重复
 
    def get_logger(self):
        return self.logger
 
logger = LogUtils().get_logger()   # 防止打印日志重复
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    logger.info('hello')

八、common下的config_utils.py的封装

配置文件的编写：

对配置文件的读取封装：

import  os
import configparser
 
current_path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
cfgpath = os.path.join(current_path, "../conf/local_config.ini")
print(cfgpath)
 
class ConfigUtils:
    def __init__(self,config_path=cfgpath):
        self.__conf=configparser.ConfigParser()
        self.__conf.read(config_path, encoding="utf-8")
 
    def read_ini(self,sec,option):
        value=self.__conf.get(sec,option)
        return value
 
    @property
    def hosts(self):
        value=self.read_ini('default','hosts')
        return value
 
    @property
    def LOG_PATH(self):
        value = self.read_ini('path', 'LOG_PATH')
        return value
 
    @property
    def CASE_DATA_PATH(self):
        value = self.read_ini('path', 'CASE_DATA_PATH')
        return value
 
    @property
    def REPORT_PATH(self):
        value = self.read_ini('path', 'REPORT_PATH')
        return value
 
    @property
    def LOG_LEVEL(self):
        value = int(self.read_ini('log', 'LOG_LEVEL'))
        return value
 
    @property
    def smtp_server(self):
        smtp_server_value = self.read_ini('email', 'smtp_server')
        return smtp_server_value
 
    @property
    def smtp_sender(self):
        smtp_sender_value = self.read_ini('email', 'smtp_sender')
        return smtp_sender_value
 
    @property
    def smtp_password(self):
        smtp_password_value = self.read_ini('email', 'smtp_password')
        return smtp_password_value
 
    @property
    def smtp_receiver(self):
        smtp_receiver_value = self.read_ini('email', 'smtp_receiver')
        return smtp_receiver_value
 
    @property
    def smtp_cc(self):
        smtp_cc_value = self.read_ini('email', 'smtp_cc')
        return smtp_cc_value
 
    @property
    def smtp_subject(self):
        smtp_subject_value = self.read_ini('email', 'smtp_subject')
        return smtp_subject_value
 
config=ConfigUtils()
 
if __name__=='__main__':
    current_path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
    cfgpath = os.path.join(current_path, "../conf/local_config.ini")
    config_u=ConfigUtils()
    print(config_u.hosts)
    print(config_u.LOG_LEVEL)

九、test_runner下的run_case.py 封装

class RunCase():
    def __init__(self):
        self.test_case_path = test_case_path
        self.report_path = test_report_path
        self.title = 'P1P2接口自动化测试报告'
        self.description = '自动化接口测试框架'
        self.tester = '测试开发组'
    def load_test_suite(self):
        discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(start_dir=self.test_case_path,
                                                       pattern='api_test.py',
                                                       top_level_dir=self.test_case_path)
        all_suite = unittest.TestSuite()
        all_suite.addTest( discover )
        return all_suite
    def run(self):
        report_dir = HTMLTestReportCN.ReportDirectory(self.report_path)
        report_dir.create_dir(self.title)
        report_file_path = HTMLTestReportCN.GlobalMsg.get_value('report_path')
        fp = open( report_file_path ,'wb' )
        runner = HTMLTestReportCN.HTMLTestRunner(stream=fp,
                                                 title=self.title,
                                                 description=self.description,
                                                 tester=self.tester)
        runner.run( self.load_test_suite() )
        fp.close()
        return report_file_path
 
if __name__=='__main__':
    report_path = RunCase().run()
    EmailUtils(open(report_path, 'rb').read(), report_path).send_mail()

十、common下的email_utils.py 封装

import os
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from common.config_utils import config
 
class EmailUtils():
    def __init__(self,smtp_body,smtp_attch_path=None):
       self.smtp_server = config.smtp_server
       self.smtp_sender = config.smtp_sender
       self.smtp_password = config.smtp_password
       self.smtp_receiver = config.smtp_receiver
       self.smtp_cc = config.smtp_cc
       self.smtp_subject = config.smtp_subject
       self.smtp_body = smtp_body
       self.smtp_attch = smtp_attch_path
 
    def mail_message_body(self):
        message = MIMEMultipart()
        message['from'] = self.smtp_sender
        message['to'] = self.smtp_receiver
        message['Cc'] = self.smtp_cc
        message['subject'] = self.smtp_subject
        message.attach( MIMEText(self.smtp_body,'html','utf-8') )
        if self.smtp_attch:
            attach_file = MIMEText(open(self.smtp_attch, 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
            attach_file['Content-Type'] = 'application/octet-stream'
            attach_file.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=('gbk', '', os.path.basename(self.smtp_attch)))
            message.attach(attach_file)
        return message
 
    def send_mail(self):
        smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
        smtp.connect(self.smtp_server)
        smtp.login(user=self.smtp_sender, password=self.smtp_password)
        smtp.sendmail(self.smtp_sender,self.smtp_receiver.split(",")+ self.smtp_cc.split(","), self.mail_message_body().as_string())
 
if __name__=='__main__':
    html_path = os.path.dirname(__file__) + '/../test_reports/接口自动化测试报告V1.1/接口自动化测试报告V1.1.html'
    EmailUtils('<h3 align="center">自动化测试报告</h3>',html_path).send_mail()