rust学习

Rust  (github)

1. install (https://rustup.rs/)

2. play on line

curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh
echo 'PATH="$PATH:$HOME/.cargo/bin"' >> ~/.bashrc
rustup doc

　　https://www.jdoodle.com/execute-rust-online

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/compile_rust_online.php

Tutorial org learn (entry)

1. org examaple (CN)

github

# install book local
git clone https://github.com/rust-lang-cn/rust-by-example-cn
cd rust-by-example-cn
cargo install mdbook
mdbook build
mdbook serve

grammar

formatting-traits　　

2. book (Translations/CN)   (Chinese)

github(CN)

github(EN)

rustup docs --book

3. rustlings course

4. Rust 基础笔记

5. view a project

cargo doc --open 

6. Rust 语言中文版　　

7. Rust教程  　

8. Rust 编程语言入门

Grow with Rust

THE STANDARD LIBRARY

Comprehensive guide to the Rust standard library APIs.

EDITION GUIDE

Guide to the Rust editions.

CARGO BOOK

A book on Rust’s package manager and build system.

RUSTDOC BOOK

Learn how to make awesome documentation for your crate.

RUSTC BOOK

Familiarize yourself with the knobs available in the Rust compiler.

COMPILER ERROR INDEX

In-depth explanations of the errors you may see from the Rust compiler.

Build your skills in an application domain

COMMAND LINE BOOK

Learn how to build effective command line applications in Rust.

WEBASSEMBLY BOOK

Use Rust to build browser-native libraries through WebAssembly.

EMBEDDED BOOK

Become proficient with Rust for Microcontrollers and other embedded systems.

Master Rust

The Reference is not a formal spec, but is more detailed and comprehensive than the book.

READ THE REFERENCE

 

The Rustonomicon is your guidebook to the dark arts of unsafe Rust. It’s also sometimes called “the ’nomicon.”

READ THE ’NOMICON

 

The Unstable Book has documentation for unstable features that you can only use with nightly Rust.

READ THE UNSTABLE BOOK

 

rust web framework comparison

comparison

rust python example

awesome

awesome rust  (CN)

awesome c(CN)

awesome python

debugger

gdbgui

debug-here

cargo install debug-here-gdb-wrapper # if you are on linux
cd debug-here/debug-me
echo  | sudo tee /proc/sys/kernel/yama/ptrace_scope
cargo run　

# In Cargo.toml.

[dependencies]
debug-here = "0.2"

# in source file. Now it looks like this:

#[macro_use] extern crate debug_here;

fn factorial(n: usize) -> usize {
    let mut res = ;
    debug_here!();

}

config xterm (EN) (CN) (wiki)

cat ~/.Xresources

config as follow:

 ! Use a nice truetype font and size by default...
 xterm*faceName: DejaVu Sans Mono Book
 xterm*faceSize: 

 ! Every shell is a login shell by default (for inclusion of all necessary environment variables)
 xterm*loginshell: true

 ! I like a LOT of scrollback...
 xterm*savelines: 

 ! double-click to select whole URLs :D
 xterm*charClass: :,-:,-:,:,-:,:,:

 ! DOS-box colours...
 xterm*foreground: rgb:a8/a8/a8
 xterm*background: rgb://
 xterm*color0: rgb://
 xterm*color1: rgb:a8//
 xterm*color2: rgb:/a8/
 xterm*color3: rgb:a8//
 xterm*color4: rgb://a8
 xterm*color5: rgb:a8//a8
 xterm*color6: rgb:/a8/a8
 xterm*color7: rgb:a8/a8/a8
 xterm*color8: rgb://
 xterm*color9: rgb:fc//
 xterm*color10: rgb:/fc/
 xterm*color11: rgb:fc/fc/
 xterm*color12: rgb://fc
 xterm*color13: rgb:fc//fc
 xterm*color14: rgb:/fc/fc
 xterm*color15: rgb:fc/fc/fc

 ! right hand side scrollbar...
 xterm*rightScrollBar: true
 xterm*ScrollBar: true

 ! stop output to terminal from jumping down to bottom of scroll again
 xterm*scrollTtyOutput: false

Tell your X server to incorporate those tweak

xrdb -merge ~/.Xresources

debug test case

How do I debug a failing cargo test in gdb?

Ask GDB to list all functions in a program

info functions
info functions regexp

16 Examining the Symbol Table    (16 Examining the Symbol Table.)

Debugging Rust Tests

rust-gdb /vagrant/target/debug/deps/libzfs-37d0dad38d98d030
b lib.rs:
run --test

How do I debug a failing cargo test in GDB?

debug info

 $ cargo test --lib
     Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in .03s
      Running target/debug/deps/hello_cargo-b786631aa108fec0

 running  tests
 test tests::it_works ... ok
 test tests::test_add ... ok
 test tests::test_bad_add ... FAILED

 failures:

 ---- tests::test_bad_add stdout ----
 thread 'tests::test_bad_add' panicked at 'assertion failed: `(left == right)`
   left: `-`,
  right: ``', src/lib.rs:32:9
 note: Run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=` environment variable to display a backtrace.

 failures:
     tests::test_bad_add

 test result: FAILED.  passed;  failed;  ignored;  measured;  filtered out

 error: test failed, to rerun pass '--lib'

 $ rust-gdb target/debug/deps/hello_cargo-b786631aa108fec0
 GNU gdb (Ubuntu 7.11.-0ubuntu1~16.5) 7.11.
 Copyright (C)  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version  or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
 This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
 There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.  Type "show copying"
 and "show warranty" for details.
 This GDB was configured as "x86_64-linux-gnu".
 Type "show configuration" for configuration details.
 For bug reporting instructions, please see:
 <http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>.
 Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
 <http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.
 For help, type "help".
 Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word"...
 Reading symbols from target/debug/deps/hello_cargo-b786631aa108fec0...done.
 (gdb) info functions test_bad_add
 All functions matching regular expression "test_bad_add":

 File src/lib.rs:
 static void hello_cargo::tests::test_bad_add::_$u7b$$u7b$closure$u7d$$u7d$::hacffd70b508c276a(struct closure *);
 static void hello_cargo::tests::test_bad_add::h938c2acc2927d730(void);
 (gdb) b  hello_cargo::tests::test_bad_add::h938c2acc2927d730
 Breakpoint  at 0x139f7: file src/lib.rs, line .
 (gdb) run --test test_bad_add
 Starting program: /home/shhfeng/test/hello_cargo/target/debug/deps/hello_cargo-b786631aa108fec0 --test test_bad_add
 [Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
 Using host libthread_db library "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libthread_db.so.1".

 running  test
 [New Thread 0x7ffff6ec4700 (LWP )]
 [Switching to Thread 0x7ffff6ec4700 (LWP )]

 Thread  "tests::test_bad" hit Breakpoint , hello_cargo::tests::test_bad_add::h938c2acc2927d730 () at src/lib.rs:
             assert_eq!(bad_add(, ), );
 (gdb) list
         }

         #[test]
         fn test_bad_add() {
             // 这个断言会导致测试失败。注意私有的函数也可以被测试！
             assert_eq!(bad_add(, ), );
         }
     }
 (gdb) s
 hello_cargo::bad_add::h460b365704f64b13 (a=, b=) at src/lib.rs:

debug detail

 (gdb) bt
 #  hello_cargo::bad_add::h460b365704f64b13 (a=, b=) at src/lib.rs:
 #  0x0000555555567a06 in hello_cargo::tests::test_bad_add::h938c2acc2927d730 () at src/lib.rs:
 #  0x00005555555676ea in hello_cargo::tests::test_bad_add::_$u7b$$u7b$closure$u7d$$u7d$::hacffd70b508c276a () at src/lib.rs:
 #  0x000055555556754e in core::ops::function::FnOnce::call_once::h859d77482d101f3d ()
     at /rustc/91856ed52c58aa5ba66a015354d1cc69e9779bdf/src/libcore/ops/function.rs:
 #  0x000055555557005f in {{closure}} () at src/libtest/lib.rs:
 #  call_once<closure,()> () at /rustc/91856ed52c58aa5ba66a015354d1cc69e9779bdf/src/libcore/ops/function.rs:
 #  call_box<(),closure> () at /rustc/91856ed52c58aa5ba66a015354d1cc69e9779bdf/src/liballoc/boxed.rs:
 #  0x00005555555b3fda in __rust_maybe_catch_panic () at src/libpanic_unwind/lib.rs:
 #  0x000055555558d168 in try<(),std::panic::AssertUnwindSafe<alloc::boxed::Box<FnBox<()>>>> ()
     at /rustc/91856ed52c58aa5ba66a015354d1cc69e9779bdf/src/libstd/panicking.rs:
 #  catch_unwind<std::panic::AssertUnwindSafe<alloc::boxed::Box<FnBox<()>>>,()> () at /rustc/91856ed52c58aa5ba66a015354d1cc69e9779bdf/src/libstd/panic.rs:
 # {{closure}} () at src/libtest/lib.rs:
 # 0x00005555555688a5 in std::sys_common::backtrace::__rust_begin_short_backtrace::h7988d0d59efc7a12 ()
     at /rustc/91856ed52c58aa5ba66a015354d1cc69e9779bdf/src/libstd/sys_common/backtrace.rs:
 # 0x0000555555569045 in {{closure}}<closure,()> () at /rustc/91856ed52c58aa5ba66a015354d1cc69e9779bdf/src/libstd/thread/mod.rs:
 # call_once<(),closure> () at /rustc/91856ed52c58aa5ba66a015354d1cc69e9779bdf/src/libstd/panic.rs:
 # do_call<std::panic::AssertUnwindSafe<closure>,()> () at /rustc/91856ed52c58aa5ba66a015354d1cc69e9779bdf/src/libstd/panicking.rs:
 # 0x00005555555b3fda in __rust_maybe_catch_panic () at src/libpanic_unwind/lib.rs:
 # 0x000055555557018d in try<(),std::panic::AssertUnwindSafe<closure>> () at /rustc/91856ed52c58aa5ba66a015354d1cc69e9779bdf/src/libstd/panicking.rs:
 # catch_unwind<std::panic::AssertUnwindSafe<closure>,()> () at /rustc/91856ed52c58aa5ba66a015354d1cc69e9779bdf/src/libstd/panic.rs:
 # {{closure}}<closure,()> () at /rustc/91856ed52c58aa5ba66a015354d1cc69e9779bdf/src/libstd/thread/mod.rs:
 # call_box<(),closure> () at /rustc/91856ed52c58aa5ba66a015354d1cc69e9779bdf/src/liballoc/boxed.rs:
 # 0x00005555555b371e in call_once<(),()> () at /rustc/91856ed52c58aa5ba66a015354d1cc69e9779bdf/src/liballoc/boxed.rs:
 # start_thread () at src/libstd/sys_common/thread.rs:
 # thread_start () at src/libstd/sys/unix/thread.rs:
 # 0x00007ffff77b56ba in start_thread (arg=0x7ffff6ec4700) at pthread_create.c:
 # 0x00007ffff72d541d in clone () at ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/x86_64/clone.S:

rust debugger

Vebugger

Debugging Rust code with vim and Conque-GDB

# install  Vundle firstl list then vimproc.vim
git clone https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim.git ~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
Plugin 'vim-scripts/Conque-GDB'
# in vim, :PluginInstall , :ConqueGdbExe rust-gdb , :ConqueGdb target/debug/$name

plugin

github

doc

BKM:

Vim插件之Conque GDB

How can I integrate gdb with Vim?

Using ConqueGDB to debug ARM microcontroller with OpenOCD

vimproc.vim

Vundle.vim

如何在vim中可视化的调试c++程序？

Vim与GCC和gdb完美组合

 

vi/vim使用进阶: 在VIM中使用GDB调试 – 使用vimgdb (vimgdb)

rust-gdb/rust-lldb (github)

debugging-rust-with-gdb

rustc -g main.rs --emit="obj,link"
gdb main

# created two aliases for my bash to make things simple:

alias rd='rustc -g --emit="obj,link"'

compile_and_run() {
     rustc -g --emit="obj,link" $ && gdb ${%.*}
}

alias rdr=compile_and_run

REPL

Rusti

# Link failure: cannot find -lncursesw  https://github.com/murarth/rusti/issues/92
sudo apt-get install libncursesw5-dev
# completion https://github.com/racer-rust/racer#installation
rustup toolchain add nightly
cargo +nightly install racer
export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/.cargo/bin"
rustup install nightly-2016-08-01
rustup run nightly-2016-08-01 cargo install --git https://github.com/murarth/rusti
# https://github.com/murarth/rusti/issues/90 error while loading shared libraries: librustc_driver-c8005792.so
rustup run nightly-2016-08-01 ~/.cargo/bin/rusti
rustup run nightly-2016-08-01 target/debug/rusti

IDE

Rust Language Server (RLS)

edition

Rustup for managing Rust versions

Tips

1. 调试宏代码

rustc --pretty expanded

2. Rust进阶之条件编译

#[cfg(foo)]
#[cfg(bar = "baz")]

#[cfg(any(unix, windows))]
#[cfg(all(unix, target_pointer_width = ""))]
#[cfg(not(foo))]

official example

offical doc

Gramma

1. PhantomData

Doc: try by size_of

#![allow(unused)]
use std::marker::PhantomData;
use std::mem;

fn main() {
#[allow(dead_code)]
struct Slice<'a, T: 'a> {
    start: *const T,
    end: *const T,
    phantom: PhantomData<&'a T>,
}

struct Slice1<T:> {
    start: *const T,
    end: *const T,
}

println!("{:?}", mem::size_of::<Slice<i32>>());
println!("{:?}", mem::size_of::<Slice1<i32>>());
}

// output:
// 16
// 16

2. Vec.with_capacity

Doc

3. typyof by type_name

base type of rust from Reference Doc

#![feature(core_intrinsics)]
use std::mem;

fn print_type_of<T>(_: &T) {
    println!("{}", unsafe { std::intrinsics::type_name::<T>() });
}

fn main() {
    print_type_of(&32.90);          // prints "f64"
    print_type_of(&vec![1, 2, 4]);  // prints "std::vec::Vec<i32>"
    print_type_of(&"foo");          // prints "&str"
    let ln = mem::size_of::<i32>() as u64;
    print_type_of(&ln)              // prints "u64"
}

4. 错误处理(match, let and ? 用法)

Doc

Result is a good example.　　

5. 闭包

Closures

6. Option

map_or and related

简易教程：

易百教程　

极客学院：

slice, 宏定义, Option, 迭代器

rust 写一个操作系统