SQL技巧之排名统计

有一道SQL笔试题是这样子的：

已知表信息如下：

Department(depID, depName),depID 系编号，DepName系名

Student(stuID, name, depID) 学生编号，姓名，系编号

Score(stuID, category, score) 学生编码，科目，成绩

找出每一个系的最高分，并且按系编号，学生编号升序排列，要求顺序输出以下信息：

系编号，系名，学生编号，姓名，总分

USE [test]

GO

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[Score]    Script Date: 05/11/2015 23:16:23 ******/

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

SET ANSI_PADDING ON

GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Score](

    [stuID] [int] NOT NULL,

    [category] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,

    [score] [int] NOT NULL

) ON [PRIMARY]

GO

SET ANSI_PADDING OFF

GO

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (1, N'英语', 80)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (2, N'数学', 80)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (1, N'数学', 70)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (2, N'英语', 89)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (3, N'英语', 81)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (3, N'数学', 71)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (4, N'数学', 91)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (4, N'英语', 61)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (5, N'英语', 91)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (6, N'英语', 89)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (7, N'英语', 77)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (8, N'英语', 97)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (9, N'英语', 57)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (5, N'数学', 87)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (6, N'数学', 89)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (7, N'数学', 80)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (8, N'数学', 81)

INSERT [dbo].[Score] ([stuID], [category], [score]) VALUES (9, N'数学', 84)

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[Department]    Script Date: 05/11/2015 23:16:23 ******/

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

SET ANSI_PADDING ON

GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Department](

    [depID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,

    [depName] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

    [depID] ASC

)WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

) ON [PRIMARY]

GO

SET ANSI_PADDING OFF

GO

SET IDENTITY_INSERT [dbo].[Department] ON

INSERT [dbo].[Department] ([depID], [depName]) VALUES (1, N'计算机')

INSERT [dbo].[Department] ([depID], [depName]) VALUES (2, N'生物')

INSERT [dbo].[Department] ([depID], [depName]) VALUES (3, N'数学')

SET IDENTITY_INSERT [dbo].[Department] OFF

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[Student]    Script Date: 05/11/2015 23:16:23 ******/

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

SET ANSI_PADDING ON

GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Student](

    [stuID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,

    [stuName] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,

    [deptID] [int] NOT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

    [stuID] ASC

)WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

) ON [PRIMARY]

GO

SET ANSI_PADDING OFF

GO

SET IDENTITY_INSERT [dbo].[Student] ON

INSERT [dbo].[Student] ([stuID], [stuName], [deptID]) VALUES (1, N'计算机张三', 1)

INSERT [dbo].[Student] ([stuID], [stuName], [deptID]) VALUES (2, N'计算机李四', 1)

INSERT [dbo].[Student] ([stuID], [stuName], [deptID]) VALUES (3, N'计算机王五', 1)

INSERT [dbo].[Student] ([stuID], [stuName], [deptID]) VALUES (4, N'生物amy', 2)

INSERT [dbo].[Student] ([stuID], [stuName], [deptID]) VALUES (5, N'生物kity', 2)

INSERT [dbo].[Student] ([stuID], [stuName], [deptID]) VALUES (6, N'生物lucky', 2)

INSERT [dbo].[Student] ([stuID], [stuName], [deptID]) VALUES (7, N'数学_yiming', 3)

INSERT [dbo].[Student] ([stuID], [stuName], [deptID]) VALUES (8, N'数学_haoxue', 3)

INSERT [dbo].[Student] ([stuID], [stuName], [deptID]) VALUES (9, N'数学_wuyong', 3)

SET IDENTITY_INSERT [dbo].[Student] OFF

/****** Object:  Default [DF__Departmen__depNa__5441852A]    Script Date: 05/11/2015 23:16:23 ******/

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Department] ADD  DEFAULT ('') FOR [depName]

GO

/****** Object:  Default [DF__Score__category__5EBF139D]    Script Date: 05/11/2015 23:16:23 ******/

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Score] ADD  DEFAULT ('') FOR [category]

GO

/****** Object:  Default [DF__Score__score__5FB337D6]    Script Date: 05/11/2015 23:16:23 ******/

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Score] ADD  DEFAULT ((0)) FOR [score]

GO

/****** Object:  Default [DF__Student__stuName__59063A47]    Script Date: 05/11/2015 23:16:23 ******/

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Student] ADD  DEFAULT ('') FOR [stuName]

GO

/****** Object:  ForeignKey [FK__Student__deptID__59FA5E80]    Script Date: 05/11/2015 23:16:23 ******/

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Student]  WITH CHECK ADD FOREIGN KEY([deptID])

REFERENCES [dbo].[Department] ([depID])

GO

SQL查询语句：

with t1 as

(

    select b.stuID,SUM(a.score) as score from dbo.Score a

    left join dbo.Student b on a.stuID = b.stuID

    group by b.stuID

),

t2 as

(

    select a.stuID,a.stuName,a.deptID,b.depName from dbo.Student a

    left join Department b on a.deptID = b.depID

),

t3 as

(

    select rank() OVER(partition by deptID order by score desc) as RowId,

    t2.stuID,t2.stuName,t2.deptID,t2.depName,t1.score from t1

    left join t2 on t1.stuID = t2.stuID

)

select stuID,stuName,deptID,depName,score from t3 where RowId = 1

查询结果：

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" alt="" />

与row_rumber不同，rank考虑到了over子句中排序字段值相同的情况。如果使用row_number替换rank，则deptID为2的记录只会有1条。

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