lnmp安装--linux通过tar.gz源码包安装mysql

mysql版本：5.6 【http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.22.tar.gz】

　　　　　　　　【http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.24.tar.gz】

官方参考：http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/installing-source-distribution.html

安装要求：

这里提到的安装要求：

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/source-installation.html

需要工具：CMake  http://www.cmake.org

make工具：http://www.gnu.org/software/make/ 　　GNU make 3.75 or newer

ANSI C++ compiler：GCC 4.2.1 or later

Perl : Perl is needed if you intend to run test scripts 【option】

bison : 2.1 or newer

M4:On OpenSolaris and Solaris Express

而这里的安装要求：

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/internals/en/cmake-prerequisites.html

安装CMake的要求：

CMake:Version 2.6.3 or later　　  http://dev.mysql.com/doc/internals/en/cmake.html

Unix: Compiler and make utility【gcc,make】, curses dev package on Linux

All platforms: bison　　　　　　　  http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/bison-2.5.tar.gz　

OpenSolaris/Solaris: m4   　　　　http://www.gnu.org/software/m4/

大家可以看到两个要求是一致的（废话肯定一致，两个本来说的就是一个事。只是为了避免大家迷惑才两个都拿来说）

安装mysql配置项：

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/source-configuration-options.html

要注意的就是安装自己用到的字符集，data目录配置，存储引擎的支持【innodb需要明确配置，My_ISAM默认会安装】

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=

字符集 可以在随便一个mysql中执行 SHOW COLLATION 语句，查看所有的。

在正式安装之前，你可能需要安装：ncurses , ncurses-devel

上面有ncurse包：
[root@host ncurse]#./configure
[root@host ncurse]#make&&make install

正式安装：

    tar zxvf mysql-5.6..tar.gz
    ls
    cd mysql-5.6.
    ls
    groupadd mysql
    useradd -r -g mysql mysql
    cmake .
    make
    cmake --help
    make clean
    rm CMakeCache.txt
    make install
    cd /usr/local/mysql/
    chown -R mysql .
    chgrp -R mysql .
    scripts/mysql_install_db  --user=mysql
    chown -R root .
    chown -R mysql data
    bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
    /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
    ls /tmp/
    ls /tmp/mysql.sock
    bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
    netstat -an |grep
    ps aux |grep mysql
    bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
    less /var/log/mysqld.log
    mkdir /var/run/mysqld
    chown -R mysql /var/run/mysqld
    bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
    bin/mysql -uroot -p
    ps aux |grep mysql
    netstat -an |grep
    bin/mysql -uroot -p
    ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock  /tmp/mysql.sock
    bin/mysql -uroot -p
    cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.serve /etc/init.d/mysqld
    chkconfig --add mysqld
    chkconfig --level  mysqld on
    service mysqld stop
    service mysqld restart
    pkill mysql
    service mysqld restart
    bin/mysql -uroot -p
    halt
    service mysqld start

安装完成。

中间遇到的问题：

安装完成后mysql启动不了:

启动mysql时报错：

Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
STOPPING server from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
 :: mysqld ended
查看日志：
＃less /var/log/mysqld.log
其中有一段如下：

 :: [ERROR] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: Can't create/write to file '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid' (Errcode: 2)
 :: [ERROR] Can't start server: can't create PID file: No such file or directory
 :: mysqld ended
#cd /var/run/
#ls

mysqld目录不存在，创建。

374 mkdir /var/run/mysqld
375 chown -R mysql /var/run/mysqld

可以正常启动了，但是用客户端连接mysqld 又错:

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqladmin -u root password root
bin/mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' ()'
Check that mysqld is running and that the socket: '/tmp/mysql.sock' exists!
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
ERROR  (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
分析：是/tmp/mysql.sock 不存在

由于mysql 默认的mysql.sock 是在/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock，创建符号连接：

382  ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock  /tmp/mysql.sock

再重启，可以了。

如果第一次cmake有问题，需要二次cmake，记得将CMakeCache.txt清理掉，否则新的cmake会不起作用。

 #!/bin/sh
 # Copyright Abandoned  TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB
 # This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind

 # MySQL daemon start/stop script.

 # Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based
 # systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql.
 # When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is
 # started and shut down when the systems goes down.

 # Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux
 # chkconfig:
 # description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine.

 # Comments to support LSB init script conventions
 ### BEGIN INIT INFO
 # Provides: mysql
 # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
 # Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd
 # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
 # Default-Start:
 # Default-Stop:
 # Short-Description: start and stop MySQL
 # Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine.
 ### END INIT INFO

 # If you install MySQL on some other places than /usr/local/mysql, then you
 # have to do one of the following things for this script to work:
 #
 # - Run this script from within the MySQL installation directory
 # - Create a /etc/my.cnf file with the following information:
 #   [mysqld]
 #   basedir=<path-to-mysql-installation-directory>
 # - Add the above to any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini)
 #   and copy my_print_defaults to /usr/bin
 # - Add the path to the mysql-installation-directory to the basedir variable
 #   below.
 #
 # If you want to affect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes
 # in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files.

 # If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get
 # overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files.

 basedir=
 datadir=

 # Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting
 # for server start.
 # Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf.
 #  means don't wait at all
 # Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely
 service_startup_timeout=

 # Lock directory for RedHat / SuSE.
 lockdir='/var/lock/subsys'
 lock_file_path="$lockdir/mysql"

 # The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things.

 # Set some defaults
 mysqld_pid_file_path=
 if test -z "$basedir"
 then
   basedir=/usr/local/mysql
   bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
   if test -z "$datadir"
   then
     datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
   fi
   sbindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
   libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
 else
   bindir="$basedir/bin"
   if test -z "$datadir"
   then
     datadir="$basedir/data"
   fi
   sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
   libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
 fi

 # datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be
 # *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.)
 datadir_set=

 #
 # Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible
 #
 lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions"
 if test -f $lsb_functions ; then
   . $lsb_functions
 else
   log_success_msg()
   {
     echo " SUCCESS! $@"
   }
   log_failure_msg()
   {
     echo " ERROR! $@"
   }
 fi

 PATH="/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin"
 export PATH

 mode=$    # start or stop

 [ $# -ge  ] && shift

 other_args="$*"   # uncommon, but needed when called from an RPM upgrade action
            # Expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables"
            # They are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility
            # of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only.

 case `echo "testing\c"`,`echo -n testing` in
     *c*,-n*) echo_n=   echo_c=     ;;
     *c*,*)   echo_n=-n echo_c=     ;;
     *)       echo_n=   echo_c='\c' ;;
 esac

 parse_server_arguments() {
   for arg do
     case "$arg" in
       --basedir=*)  basedir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'`
                     bindir="$basedir/bin"
             if test -z "$datadir_set"; then
               datadir="$basedir/data"
             fi
             sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
             libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
         ;;
       --datadir=*)  datadir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'`
             datadir_set=
     ;;
       --pid-file=*) mysqld_pid_file_path=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
       --service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
     esac
   done
 }

 wait_for_pid () {
   verb="$1"           # created | removed
   pid="$2"            # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file
   pid_file_path="$3" # path to the PID file.

   i=
   avoid_race_condition="by checking again"

   while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do

     case "$verb" in
       'created')
         # wait for a PID-file to pop into existence.
         test -s "$pid_file_path" && i='' && break
         ;;
       'removed')
         # wait for this PID-file to disappear
         test ! -s "$pid_file_path" && i='' && break
         ;;
       *)
         echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed pid pid_file_path"
         exit
         ;;
     esac

     # if server isn't running, then pid-file will never be updated
     if test -n "$pid"; then
       if kill - "$pid" >/dev/null; then
         :  # the server still runs
       else
         # The server may have exited between the last pid-file check and now.
         if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then
           avoid_race_condition=""
           continue  # Check again.
         fi

         # there's nothing that will affect the file.
         log_failure_msg "The server quit without updating PID file ($pid_file_path)."
         return   # not waiting any more.
       fi
     fi

     echo $echo_n ".$echo_c"
     i=`expr $i + `
     sleep 

   done

   if test -z "$i" ; then
     log_success_msg
     return
   else
     log_failure_msg
     return
   fi
 }

 # Get arguments from the my.cnf file,
 # the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld]
 if test -x ./bin/my_print_defaults
 then
   print_defaults="./bin/my_print_defaults"
 elif test -x $bindir/my_print_defaults
 then
   print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults"
 elif test -x $bindir/mysql_print_defaults
 then
   print_defaults="$bindir/mysql_print_defaults"
 else
   # Try to find basedir in /etc/my.cnf
   conf=/etc/my.cnf
   print_defaults=
   if test -r $conf
   then
     subpat='^[^=]*basedir[^=]*=\(.*\)$'
     dirs=`sed -e "/$subpat/!d" -e 's//\1/' $conf`
     for d in $dirs
     do
       d=`echo $d | sed -e 's/[     ]//g'`
       if test -x "$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
       then
         print_defaults="$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
         break
       fi
       if test -x "$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults"
       then
         print_defaults="$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults"
         break
       fi
     done
   fi

   # Hope it's in the PATH ... but I doubt it
   test -z "$print_defaults" && print_defaults="my_print_defaults"
 fi

 #
 # Read defaults file from 'basedir'.   If there is no defaults file there
 # check if it's in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there
 #

 extra_args=""
 if test -r "$basedir/my.cnf"
 then
   extra_args="-e $basedir/my.cnf"
 else
   if test -r "$datadir/my.cnf"
   then
     extra_args="-e $datadir/my.cnf"
   fi
 fi

 parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args mysqld server mysql_server mysql.server`

 #
 # Set pid file if not given
 #
 if test -z "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
 then
   mysqld_pid_file_path=$datadir/`hostname`.pid
 else
   case "$mysqld_pid_file_path" in
     /* ) ;;
     * )  mysqld_pid_file_path="$datadir/$mysqld_pid_file_path" ;;
   esac
 fi

 case "$mode" in
   'start')
     # Start daemon

     # Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..)
     cd $basedir

     echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL"
     if test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe
     then
       # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script
       # may be overwritten at next upgrade.
       $bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 &
       wait_for_pid created "$!" "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=$?

       # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE
       if test -w "$lockdir"
       then
         touch "$lock_file_path"
       fi

       exit $return_value
     else
       log_failure_msg "Couldn't find MySQL server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)"
     fi
     ;;

   'stop')
     # Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the
     # root password.

     if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
     then
       mysqld_pid=`cat "$mysqld_pid_file_path"`

       if (kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null)
       then
         echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL"
         kill $mysqld_pid
         # mysqld should remove the pid file when it exits, so wait for it.
         wait_for_pid removed "$mysqld_pid" "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=$?
       else
         log_failure_msg "MySQL server process #$mysqld_pid is not running!"
         rm "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
       fi

       # Delete lock for RedHat / SuSE
       if test -f "$lock_file_path"
       then
         rm -f "$lock_file_path"
       fi
       exit $return_value
     else
       log_failure_msg "MySQL server PID file could not be found!"
     fi
     ;;

   'restart')
     # Stop the service and regardless of whether it was
     # running or not, start it again.
     if $0 stop  $other_args; then
       $0 start $other_args
     else
       log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start."
       exit 1
     fi
     ;;

   'reload'|'force-reload')
     if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then
       read mysqld_pid <  "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
       kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL"
       touch "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
     else
       log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!"
       exit 1
     fi
     ;;
   'status')
     # First, check to see if pid file exists
     if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then
       read mysqld_pid < "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
       if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then
         log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)"
         exit 0
       else
         log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists"
         exit 1
       fi
     else
       # Try to find appropriate mysqld process
       mysqld_pid=`pidof $libexecdir/mysqld`

       # test if multiple pids exist
       pid_count=`echo $mysqld_pid | wc -w`
       if test $pid_count -gt 1 ; then
         log_failure_msg "Multiple MySQL running but PID file could not be found ($mysqld_pid)"
         exit 5
       elif test -z $mysqld_pid ; then
         if test -f "$lock_file_path" ; then
           log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock file ($lock_file_path) exists"
           exit 2
         fi
         log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running"
         exit 3
       else
         log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found"
         exit 4
       fi
     fi
     ;;
     *)
       # usage
       basename=`basename "$0"`
       echo "Usage: $basename  {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status}  [ MySQL server options ]"
       exit 1
     ;;
 esac

 exit 0

mysqld加入服务的脚本

参考：

http://blog.csdn.net/itchiang/article/details/9012493

跟两个无关的yum配置连接，我中间做其他事情用到了。

http://www.cnblogs.com/shuaixf/archive/2011/11/30/2268496.html
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-26683523-id-3074744.html

lnmp环境的操作部分：

安装php+nginx:http://www.cnblogs.com/simpman/p/4151662.html

安装mysql:http://www.cnblogs.com/simpman/p/4192942.html

安装php：http://www.cnblogs.com/simpman/p/4196051.html

lnmp环境的理论部分：

FastCgi与PHP-fpm关系[转] 读完本文瞬间明朗了很多 ： http://www.cnblogs.com/simpman/p/4151639.html

epoll和select区别：http://www.cnblogs.com/simpman/p/4150005.html