drupal常用api

最短的函数

// 语言字串，除了可以获取对应语言外，还可以设置字串变量。可以是!var, @var或 %var，%var就添加元素外层。@var会过滤HTML，!var会原样输出HTML，%var会添加span外层。
t('my name is @name', array('@name' => 'willam'));

// 一个链接
l('User Edit', 'user/1/edit');

判断首页

drupal_is_front_page();

GLOBALS

$GLOBALS['base_url'] // URL root

GLOBAL 文档

加载inc文件

module_load_include('inc', 'mymodule', 'mymodule.field');

得到ROOT目录

getcwd()
DRUPAL_ROOT
把URI(public://)地址转换为绝对地址
drupal_realpath('public://xxx.csv'); // 得到系统路径
file_create_url('public://xxx.csv'); // 得到URL

加载脚本&CSS

drupal_add_js('misc/collapse.js');
drupal_add_js('misc/collapse.js', 'file');
drupal_add_js(drupal_get_path('module', 'content_glider'). '/srcipt.js');
drupal_add_js(libraries_get_path('custom').'/srcipt.js');
drupal_add_js('jQuery(document).ready(function () { alert("Hello!"); });', 'inline');
drupal_add_js('jQuery(document).ready(function () { alert("Hello!"); });',
    array('type' => 'inline', 'scope' => 'footer', 'weight' => 5)
);
drupal_add_js('http://example.com/example.js', 'external');
drupal_add_js(array('myModule' => array('key' => 'value')), 'setting');

关于javascript细节可以访问以下链接：

https://drupal.org/node/756722

激活behaviors

Drupal.attachBehaviors(document);

加载jquery ui

drupal_add_library('system', 'ui.tabs');

查某个URL得到程序所在

SELECT * FROM dp_menu_router where path='admin/config/search/path/patterns'

查实现某个HOOK的所有函数

• dpm(module_implements('menu'));
• 使用drush: drush hook menu

跳转

drupal_goto('node/1');
drupal_goto(current_path());
drupal_not_found(); // 跳转到404页面
drupal_goto('<front>', array(), 301); // 301跳转

URI

• URI to URL: file_create_url('public://js/gmap_markers.js');
• 临时目录URI： temporary://

URL

arg(1); // 提取URL第2个参数，例如node/1，会提取1
$_GET['q']; // 得到当前URL路径
url('node/1'); // 网站相对地址
url('node/1', array('absolute' => true)); // 绝对地址
url('<front>', array('query' => 'action=do', 'fragment' => 'top'));

得到URL alias

drupal_lookup_path('alias',"node/".$node->nid);
drupal_get_path_alias("node/".$node->nid);

路径匹配

drupal_match_path($_GET['q'], 'node/*');

图片

image_style_url('image_style_name', $node->field_image[LANGUAGE_NONE][0]['uri']); // 缩略图片URL
file_create_url($node->field_image[LANGUAGE_NONE][0]['uri']); // 原始图片URL
// 显示缩略图片
$variables = array(
    'style_name' => 'image_style_name',
    'path' => $node->field_image[LANGUAGE_NONE][0]['uri'],
    'alt' => $node->title,
    'title' => $node->title,
);
print theme('image_style', $variables);

// 显示原图
$variables = array(
  'path' => 'path/to/img.jpg',
  'alt' => 'Test alt',
  'title' => 'Test title',
  'width' => '50%',
  'height' => '50%',
  'attributes' => array('class' => 'some-img', 'id' => 'my-img'),
  );
$img = theme('image', $variables);

// 带链接的图片
l(theme_image_style(array('path' => $variables['node']->field_logo['und']['0']['uri'], 'style_name' => '100x100')), 'node/' . $variables['node']->nid, array('html' => TRUE));

配置值存取

• variable_get
• variable_set
• variable_del

日期格式化

format_date($timestamp, $type = 'custom', $format = '');

date_default_timezone_set('PRC');
strtotime('2013-6-5 20:11');

返回JSON数据

echo drupal_json(array('xxx'));
drupal_json_output(array('xxx'));
drupal_exit();得到请求
arg(1); // 得到URI的第二个值

跳转 destination

任何表单，只要在URL上加?destination=xxx，提交后都会跳转到相应地址

url('xxx',
  array('query' => array('destination' => 'yyyy'))
);
drupal_goto('user', array('query' => array('destination'=>'user/myorder')));
drupal_goto(drupal_get_destination());

自定义breadcrumb

$breadcrumb = array();
$breadcrumb[] = l('Home', 'node');
$breadcrumb[] = l('Our Team', 'team');
$breadcrumb[] = drupal_get_title();
drupal_set_breadcrumb($breadcrumb);

Log

watchdog('event_type', 'name is :name', array(':name' => $name), WATCHDOG_WARNING);

文件操作

file_load($fid)->uri;
file_move($file, 'public://xxx/');
file_copy($file, 'public://xxx/');
file_delete($file);
file_scan_directory('public://','/.*\.(png|gif|jpg|jpeg)$/'); // 扫描文件夹，返回file对象数组

Form API File upload

http://drupal.org/node/1537950

entity edit form的form field element，以profile2为例

$form = array();
field_attach_form('profile2', profile2_load_by_user($user, 'general'),$form, $form_state);

// node
field_attach_form('node', $node, $form, $form_state);

注意$form_state必须是form参数$form_state的原变量，clone的会报错。执行后会填充$form变量，可以附加到当前的form中。

如果想只提取部分的field，可以使用multiple_entity_form module。

node add form

$type = 'news';
module_load_include('inc', 'node', 'node.pages');
$node = (object) array(
  'uid' => $GLOBALS['user']->uid,
  'name' => $GLOBALS['user']->name ?: '',
  'type' => $type,
  'language' => LANGUAGE_NONE,
);
$form = drupal_get_form($type . '_node_form', $node);

还需要添加以下HOOK来处理AJAX时产生的错误

/**
 * Implementation of hook_form_node_form_alter().
 */
function mymodule_form_node_form_alter(&$form, &$form_state, $form_id){
  //ensuring the ajax upload still has all the includes
  $files = (isset($form_state['build_info']['files'])) ? $form_state['build_info']['files'] : array();
  $files[] = drupal_get_path('module', 'node') . '/node.pages.inc';
  $form_state['build_info']['files'] = $files;
}

得到element children

element可以互相嵌套，通过render可以把element转换为HTML，而render之前，element只是一个大型数组，一般的数组操作很难区分element部分，所以可以用element_children:

foreach (element_children($element) as $key) {
    $sub_element[]= $element[$key];
}

单实例

$static = &drupal_static(__FUNCTION__, array());

cache

$cache_key = md5(serialize($values));
if($cached = cache_get($cache_key)) {
  $cache_data = $cached->data;
} else {
  $cache_data = getData();
  cache_set($cache_key, $cache_data);
}

session

drupal_session_start();
$_SESSION[$key] = $value;

修改用户名的HOOK

hook_username_alter();
format_username($account); // 显示用户名

301 redirects

function mytheme_preprocess_html(&$variables, $hook){
  if(!drupal_match_path(current_path(), '<front>') && !(user_access("administer users") || drupal_match_path(current_path(), "user\nuser/*"))) {
    if(module_exists('search404')) {
      search404_goto("<front>");
    } else {
      drupal_goto('<front>', array(), 301);
    }
  }
}

获取当前语言标识 (i18n)

$language = i18n_language_interface();
$lang = $language->language;

生成用户的识别码

user_pass_rehash($account->pass, $timestamp, $account->login);

增删用户角色

$role_name = 'admin';
$role = user_role_load_by_name($role_name);
user_multiple_role_edit($uids, 'add_role', $role->rid);
user_multiple_role_edit($uids, 'remove_role', $role->rid);

输出一个MENU（1 level）

theme('links', array(
        'links' => menu_navigation_links('menu_name'),
        'attributes' => array(
          'id' => 'footer-menu',
          'class' => array('links', 'clearfix'),
        ),
      )
);

常用配置

当前主题：$conf['theme_default']
网站名：$conf['site_name']

调试

dpm($vars);
dpq($query);

javascript格式

(function ($, Drupal, window, document) {
    Drupal.behaviors.myModule = {
        attach: function (context) {
            // ....
        }
    };
})(jQuery, Drupal, window, document);

注释：原文链接：http://segmentfault.com/a/1190000000359186；