中国农产品信息网站scrapy-redis分布式爬取数据

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基于scrapy_redis和mongodb的分布式爬虫

项目需求：

1：自动抓取每一个农产品的详细数据

2：对抓取的数据进行存储

第一步：

创建scrapy项目

创建爬虫文件

在items.py里面定义我们要爬取的数据

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html

import scrapy

class NongcpspiderItem(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    # name = scrapy.Field()
    # 供求关系
    supply = scrapy.Field()
    # 标题
    title = scrapy.Field()
    # 发布时间
    create_time = scrapy.Field()
    # 发布单位
    unit = scrapy.Field()
    # 联系人
    contact = scrapy.Field()
    # 手机号码
    phone_number = scrapy.Field()
    # 地址
    address = scrapy.Field()
    # 详细地址
    detail_address = scrapy.Field()
    # 上市时间
    market_time = scrapy.Field()
    # 价格
    price = scrapy.Field()

将settings.py改为false

写spider爬虫文件nongcp_spider.py，进行字段解析使用xpath，正则表达式

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
import re
from ..items import NongcpspiderItem

class NongcpSpiderSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'nongcp_spider'
    # allowed_domains = ['http://www.nongnet.com/']
    start_urls = ['http://www.nongnet.com/']

    def parse(self, response):
        """
        解析详情页和下一页url
        :param response:
        :return:
        """
        detail_urls = response.xpath('//li[@class="lileft"]/a/@href').extract()
        for detail_url in detail_urls:
            yield scrapy.Request(url=self.start_urls[0]+detail_url, callback=self.detail_parse)

        next_url = response.xpath("//span[@id='ContentMain_lblPage']/a/@href").extract()
        if next_url:
            yield scrapy.Request(url=self.start_urls[0]+next_url[-2])

    def detail_parse(self, response):
        """
        解析具体的数据
        :param response:
        :return:
        """
        items = NongcpspiderItem()
        title_result = response.xpath('//h1[@class="h1class"]/text()').extract_first()
        if title_result:
            items['supply'] = title_result.strip()[1:2]
            items['title'] = title_result.strip()[3:]
        creatte_time = re.findall(r"<font color='999999'>时间：(\d+/\d+/\d+ \d+:\d+) &nbsp", response.text)
        if creatte_time:
            items['create_time'] = creatte_time[0]
        unit = re.findall(r"发布单位</div><div class='xinxisxr'><a href='.*?.aspx'>(.*?)</a>", response.text, re.S)
        if unit:
            items['unit'] = unit[0]
        price = response.xpath('//div[@class="scdbj1"]/text()').extract()
        if price:
            items['price'] = ''.join(price)
        yield items

编写pipelines.py，往mongodb里面存储数据

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
import pymongo

class NongcpspiderPipeline(object):
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        return item

class MongoPipeline(object):
    def __init__(self):
        client = pymongo.MongoClient(host='127.0.0.1', port=27017)
        self.db = client['nong']
        self.connection = self.db['Info']
        self.dbinfo = self.db.authenticate('xxxx', 'xxxx')

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        self.connection.save(dict(item))
        return item

完成以上步骤就可以进行数据的爬取了，接下来我们来测试一下爬取的效果

编写启动脚本start.py

#encoding: utf-8

from scrapy import cmdline

# cmdline.execute("scrapy crawl qsbk_spider".split())
cmdline.execute(["scrapy", 'crawl', 'nongcp_spider'])

开启settings.py  pipelines字段

运行程序，爬取到的效果如下

接下来实现分布式去重爬取

先安装scrapy-redis

在settings.py里面配置scrapy-redis组件

在pipelines.py引入mongdb配置

修改nongcp_spider.py文件

如果爬取过程中出现封ip的操作，我们可以设置middlewares.py,，在该文件设置代理

使用阿布云代理

先启动start.py文件，在运行redis-cli

然后就可以抓取数据了到mongdb里面了

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