01-oracle学习环境配置

1.安装oracle与SQL Developer

oracle10g安装教程

2.创建表空间以及用户

表空间是存储数据文件的容器，由数据文件组成，数据库的所有系统数据和用户数据都必须存储在数据文件中。用户数据应该存储在单独的表空间中，必须创建和使用自己的表空间。

--表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE PDSU
  LOGGING
  DATAFILE 'C:\oracletablespace\PDSU.DBF'
  SIZE 100m
  AUTOEXTEND ON
  NEXT 10m;

--创建用户
create user eval--用户
identified by eval--密码
default tablespace PDSU;

--授权
grant dba to eval;

3.创建表

表是数据库中存储数据的数据库对象，每个数据库包含了若干个表，表由行和列组成。

-- student表
CREATE TABLE student
(
    sno char(6) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
    sname char(8) NOT NULL,
    ssex char(2) NOT NULL,
    sbirthday date NOT NULL,
    speciality char(12) NULL,
    sclass char(6) NULL,
    tc number NULL
) tablespace PDSU;
comment on table student is '学生信息';
comment on column student.sno is '学号';
comment on column student.sname is '姓名';
comment on column student.ssex is '性别';
comment on column student.sbirthday is '出生日期';
comment on column student.speciality is '专业';
comment on column student.sclass is '班号';
comment on column student.tc is '总学分';
-- course表
CREATE TABLE course
(
    cno char(4) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
    cname char(16) NOT NULL,
    credit number NULL,
    tno char(6) NULL
) tablespace PDSU;
comment on table course is '课程信息';
comment on column course.cno is '课程号';
comment on column course.cname is '课程名';
comment on column course.credit is '学分';
comment on column course.tno is '教师编号';
-- score表
CREATE TABLE score
(
    sno char(6) NOT NULL,
    cno char(4) NOT NULL,
    grade number NULL,
    CONSTRAINT score PRIMARY KEY (sno,cno) -- 联合主键
) tablespace PDSU;
comment on table score is '分数';
comment on column score.sno is '学号';
comment on column score.cno is '课程名';
comment on column score.grade is '成绩';
-- teacher表
CREATE TABLE teacher
(
    tno char(6) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
    tname char(8) NOT NULL,
    tsex char(2) NOT NULL,
    tbirthday date NOT NULL,
    title char(12) NULL,
    school char(12) NULL
) tablespace PDSU;
comment on table teacher is '教师';
comment on column teacher.tno is '教师编号';
comment on column teacher.tname is '姓名';
comment on column teacher.tsex is '性别';
comment on column teacher.tbirthday is '出生日期';
comment on column teacher.title is '职称';
comment on column teacher.school is '学院';

--员工
CREATE TABLE employee
(
  eid char(4) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
  ename char(8) NOT NULL,
  esex char(2) NOT NULL,
  address char(60) NULL
);
comment on table employee is '员工';
comment on column employee.eid is '员工号';
comment on column employee.ename is '员工姓名';
comment on column employee.esex is '员工性别';
comment on column employee.address is '员工地址';
--商品
CREATE TABLE goods
(
  gid char(6) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
  gname char(20) NOT NULL,
  gclass char(6) NOT NULL,
  price number NOT NULL,
  stockqt number NOT NULL,
  gnotarr number NULL
);
comment on table goods is '商品';
comment on column goods.gid is '商品号';
comment on column goods.gname is '商品名称';
comment on column goods.gclass is '商品类型代码';
comment on column goods.price is '价格';
comment on column goods.stockqt is '库存量';
comment on column goods.gnotarr is '未到货商品数量';

scott用户的表

CREATE TABLE BONUS
(
    ENAME VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
    JOB VARCHAR2(9 BYTE),
    SAL NUMBER,
    COMM NUMBER
)
CREATE TABLE DEPT
(
    DEPTNO NUMBER(2,0),
    DNAME VARCHAR2(14 BYTE),
    LOC VARCHAR2(13 BYTE)
);
Insert into DEPT (DEPTNO,DNAME,LOC) values (10,'ACCOUNTING','NEW YORK');
Insert into DEPT (DEPTNO,DNAME,LOC) values (20,'RESEARCH','DALLAS');
Insert into DEPT (DEPTNO,DNAME,LOC) values (30,'SALES','CHICAGO');
Insert into DEPT (DEPTNO,DNAME,LOC) values (40,'OPERATIONS','BOSTON');
CREATE TABLE EMP
(
  EMPNO NUMBER(4,0),
    ENAME VARCHAR2(10 BYTE),
    JOB VARCHAR2(9 BYTE),
    MGR NUMBER(4,0),
    HIREDATE DATE,
    SAL NUMBER(7,2),
    COMM NUMBER(7,2),
    DEPTNO NUMBER(2,0)
);
Insert into EMP (EMPNO,ENAME,JOB,MGR,HIREDATE,SAL,COMM,DEPTNO) values (7369,'SMITH','CLERK',7902,to_date('17-12月-80','DD-MON-RR'),800,null,20);
Insert into EMP (EMPNO,ENAME,JOB,MGR,HIREDATE,SAL,COMM,DEPTNO) values (7499,'ALLEN','SALESMAN',7698,to_date('20-2月 -81','DD-MON-RR'),1600,300,30);
Insert into EMP (EMPNO,ENAME,JOB,MGR,HIREDATE,SAL,COMM,DEPTNO) values (7521,'WARD','SALESMAN',7698,to_date('22-2月 -81','DD-MON-RR'),1250,500,30);
Insert into EMP (EMPNO,ENAME,JOB,MGR,HIREDATE,SAL,COMM,DEPTNO) values (7566,'JONES','MANAGER',7839,to_date('02-4月 -81','DD-MON-RR'),2975,null,20);
Insert into EMP (EMPNO,ENAME,JOB,MGR,HIREDATE,SAL,COMM,DEPTNO) values (7654,'MARTIN','SALESMAN',7698,to_date('28-9月 -81','DD-MON-RR'),1250,1400,30);
Insert into EMP (EMPNO,ENAME,JOB,MGR,HIREDATE,SAL,COMM,DEPTNO) values (7698,'BLAKE','MANAGER',7839,to_date('01-5月 -81','DD-MON-RR'),2850,null,30);
Insert into EMP (EMPNO,ENAME,JOB,MGR,HIREDATE,SAL,COMM,DEPTNO) values (7782,'CLARK','MANAGER',7839,to_date('09-6月 -81','DD-MON-RR'),2450,null,10);
Insert into EMP (EMPNO,ENAME,JOB,MGR,HIREDATE,SAL,COMM,DEPTNO) values (7788,'SCOTT','ANALYST',7566,to_date('19-4月 -87','DD-MON-RR'),3000,null,20);
Insert into EMP (EMPNO,ENAME,JOB,MGR,HIREDATE,SAL,COMM,DEPTNO) values (7839,'KING','PRESIDENT',null,to_date('17-11月-81','DD-MON-RR'),5000,null,10);
Insert into EMP (EMPNO,ENAME,JOB,MGR,HIREDATE,SAL,COMM,DEPTNO) values (7844,'TURNER','SALESMAN',7698,to_date('08-9月 -81','DD-MON-RR'),1500,0,30);
Insert into EMP (EMPNO,ENAME,JOB,MGR,HIREDATE,SAL,COMM,DEPTNO) values (7876,'ADAMS','CLERK',7788,to_date('23-5月 -87','DD-MON-RR'),1100,null,20);
Insert into EMP (EMPNO,ENAME,JOB,MGR,HIREDATE,SAL,COMM,DEPTNO) values (7900,'JAMES','CLERK',7698,to_date('03-12月-81','DD-MON-RR'),950,null,30);
Insert into EMP (EMPNO,ENAME,JOB,MGR,HIREDATE,SAL,COMM,DEPTNO) values (7902,'FORD','ANALYST',7566,to_date('03-12月-81','DD-MON-RR'),3000,null,20);
Insert into EMP (EMPNO,ENAME,JOB,MGR,HIREDATE,SAL,COMM,DEPTNO) values (7934,'MILLER','CLERK',7782,to_date('23-1月 -82','DD-MON-RR'),1300,null,10);
CREATE TABLE SALGRADE
(
   GRADE NUMBER,
     LOSAL NUMBER,
     HISAL NUMBER
);
Insert into SALGRADE (GRADE,LOSAL,HISAL) values (1,700,1200);
Insert into SALGRADE (GRADE,LOSAL,HISAL) values (2,1201,1400);
Insert into SALGRADE (GRADE,LOSAL,HISAL) values (3,1401,2000);
Insert into SALGRADE (GRADE,LOSAL,HISAL) values (4,2001,3000);
Insert into SALGRADE (GRADE,LOSAL,HISAL) values (5,3001,9999);

修改日期格式

-- 默认日期格式DD-MON-RR
-- 该语句只会在当前session中起作用，session失效后需要重新设置
alter session set nls_date_format="YYYY-MM-DD";

插入数据

/*插入数据到student表*/
INSERT INTO student VALUES('121001','刘鹏翔','男',TO_DATE('19920825','YYYYMMDD'),'计算机','201205',52);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('121002','李佳慧','女',TO_DATE('19930218','YYYYMMDD'),'计算机','201205',50);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('121004','周仁超','男',TO_DATE('19920926','YYYYMMDD'),'计算机','201205',50);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('124001','林琴','女',TO_DATE('19920321','YYYYMMDD'),'通信','201236',52);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('124002','杨春容','女',TO_DATE('19921204','YYYYMMDD'),'通信','201236',48);
INSERT INTO student VALUES('124003','徐良成','男',TO_DATE('19930515','YYYYMMDD'),'通信','201236',50);
COMMIT;
/*插入数据到course表*/
INSERT INTO course VALUES('1004','数据库系统',4,'100001');
INSERT INTO course VALUES('1012','计算机网络',3,NULL);
INSERT INTO course VALUES('4002','数字电路',3,'400007');
INSERT INTO course VALUES('8001','高等数学',4,'800014');
INSERT INTO course VALUES('1201','英语',4,'120036');
COMMIT;
/*插入数据到score表*/
INSERT INTO score VALUES('121001','1004',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('121002','1004',85);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('121004','1004',82);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('124001','4002',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('124002','4002',74);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('124003','4002',87);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('121001','8001',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('121002','8001',88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('121004','8001',81);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('124001','8001',95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('124002','8001',73);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('124003','8001',86);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('121001','1201',93);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('121002','1201',87);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('121004','1201',76);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('124001','1201',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('124002','1201',NULL);
INSERT INTO score VALUES('124003','1201',86);
COMMIT;
/*插入数据到teacher表*/
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('100001','张博宇','男',TO_DATE('19680509','YYYYMMDD'),'教授','计算机学院');
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('100021','谢伟业','男',TO_DATE('19821107','YYYYMMDD'),'讲师','计算机学院');
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('400007','黄海玲','女',TO_DATE('19760421','YYYYMMDD'),'教授','通信学院');
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('800014','曾杰','男',TO_DATE('19750314','YYYYMMDD'),'副教授','数学学院');
INSERT INTO teacher VALUES('120036','刘巧红','女',TO_DATE('19720128','YYYYMMDD'),'副教授','外国语学院');
COMMIT;

/*插入数据到goods表*/
INSERT INTO goods VALUES('1001','DELL Inspiron 14R','10',4899,20,8);
INSERT INTO goods VALUES('1002','HP g6-2328tx','10',3900,12,5);
INSERT INTO goods VALUES('1004','Lenovo Y410P-ISE','10', 6899,10,0);
INSERT INTO goods VALUES('2001','DELL Inspiron 660S','20',3699,12,6);
INSERT INTO goods VALUES('2002','Lenovo Erazer T4','20',4550,8,4);
INSERT INTO goods VALUES('3001','Canon 7010C','30',1650,10,4);
INSERT INTO goods VALUES('3002','HP 1020plus','30',1100,5,3);
INSERT INTO goods VALUES('4001','Canon iP100','40',1750,8,4);
INSERT INTO goods VALUES('4002','EPSON R230','40',1450,7,2);