fabric 学习笔记

fabric安装

目前，从PyPI可以搜索到主要的fabric库为“ Fabric 2.1.3 ”、“ fabric2 2.1.3 ”和“ Fabric3 1.14.post1 ”。

• Fabric：官方Fabric，兼容 Python 2 & Python 3，但不兼容Fabric 1.x的fabfile；

• fabric2： 与Fabric相同，仅作为平滑迁移（使用Fabric包安装1.x 版本，使用Fabric2包安装2.x版本，来实现1.x和2.x的共存）；

• Fabric3：是一个基于Fabric 1.x 的fork，兼容Python2 & Python3，兼容 Fabric1.x 的 fabfile；

1、centos安装fabric3 1.14 post1

sudo yum install python34.x86_64 
 
python3.4 -m venv fabric-env
 
source fabric-env/bin/activate
 
pip install --upgrade pip
 
pip install fabric3
 
deactivate

2、 ubuntu 安装fabric3

apt-get update
 
apt install python3-pip
 
pip3 install virtualenv
 
virtualenv learn-virtualenv
 
source fabric-env/bin/activate
 
pip install fabric3
 
deactivate

3、windows安装

##下载get-pip.py
## https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/installing/
 
#安装pip
C:\Users\wongg>python get-pip.py
Collecting pip
 
#安装虚拟环境程序
C:\Users\wongg>pip install virtualenv
Collecting virtualenv
Successfully installed virtualenv-15.2.
 
#创建虚拟环境
C:\Users\wongg>virtualenv cmdb-virtualenv
 
#进入虚拟环境
C:\Users\wongg>cmdb-virtualenv\Scripts\activate

4、检验安装

(fabric-env) # fab -V
Fabric3 1.14.post1
Paramiko 2.4.

C:\Users\wongg\learn>fab -V
Fabric3 1.14.post1
Paramiko 2.4.

$ pip show fabric3
Name: Fabric3
Version: 1.14.post1
Summary: Fabric is a simple, Pythonic tool for remote execution and deployment (py2.7/py3.4+ compatible fork).
Home-page: https://github.com/mathiasertl/fabric/
Author: Jeff Forcier
Author-email: jeff@bitprophet.org
License: UNKNOWN
Location: /home/huangjunfa/fabric-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Requires: paramiko, six
Required-by: 
 
$ python -c "from fabric.api import env ; print (env.version)"
1.14.post1

5、常用设置

import 设置

import sys,os
from fabric.api import env,local,cd,lcd,run,task,execute

用户密码设置一

env.hosts = ['10.10.3.2','10.10.0.10']
env.user = 'test'
env.password ="fabric20180703"

rsa设置一

env.hosts = ['10.10.3.2','10.10.0.10']
env.user = 'test'
env.key_filename = os.path.join(sys.path[0],'rsa','huangjunfa.key')

用户密码分别设置二

env.hosts = ['user111@10.10.0.10','user222@10.10.3.2']
env.passwords ={'user111@10.10.0.10:22':'fabric20180703','user222@10.10.3.2:22':'fabric20180703'}

rsa用户分别设置二

env.hosts = ['user111@10.10.0.10','user222@10.10.3.2']
env.key_filename = os.path.join(sys.path[0],'rsa','id_rsa.key')

6、直接调用命令执行

# @task
def local_cmd():
    local('ls -la')
    with lcd('/mnt'):
        local('ls -l')
 
#@task
def remote_cmd():
    #run('free -m')
    #run('cat /etc/passwd')
    print('host_string:%s\n'%env.host_string)
    with cd(''):
        run('ls')
        print('host_string:%s\n'%env.passwords)
        # run('du -h')
        out=run('ps -ef |grep "/usr/sbin/httpd"|grep -v grep|wc -l')
        print('result:%s \n'%(out))
        if out != 0:
            print('application is running!!')
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    #execute(remote_cmd,host="10.10.3.2")
    execute(remote_cmd)
##按顺序在每台host上执行remote_cmd

环境设置官方文档：

http://fabric-chs.readthedocs.io/zh_CN/chs/usage/env.html

fab命令运行调用过程

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\fabric\network.py", line 478, in connect
    client.connect(**kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\paramiko\client.py", line 424, in connect
    passphrase,
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\paramiko\client.py", line 714, in _auth
    raise saved_exception
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\paramiko\client.py", line 701, in _auth
    self._transport.auth_password(username, password)
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\paramiko\transport.py", line 1381, in auth_password
    return self.auth_handler.wait_for_response(my_event)
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\paramiko\auth_handler.py", line 226, in wait_for_response
    raise e
paramiko.ssh_exception.AuthenticationException: Authentication failed.
 
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\wongg\learn\tt.py", line 49, in <module>
    execute(remote_cmd)
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\fabric\tasks.py", line 387, in execute
    multiprocessing
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\fabric\tasks.py", line 277, in _execute
    return task.run(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\fabric\tasks.py", line 174, in run
    return self.wrapped(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\wongg\learn\tt.py", line 36, in remote_cmd
    run('ls')
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\fabric\network.py", line 692, in host_prompting_wrapper
    return func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\fabric\operations.py", line 1095, in run
    shell_escape=shell_escape, capture_buffer_size=capture_buffer_size,
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\fabric\operations.py", line 935, in _run_command
    channel=default_channel(), command=wrapped_command, pty=pty,
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\fabric\state.py", line 435, in default_channel
    chan = _open_session()
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\fabric\state.py", line 416, in _open_session
    transport = connections[env.host_string].get_transport()
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\fabric\network.py", line 156, in __getitem__
    self.connect(key)
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\fabric\network.py", line 148, in connect
    user, host, port, cache=self, seek_gateway=seek_gateway)
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\fabric\network.py", line 566, in connect
    password = prompt_for_password(text)
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\fabric\network.py", line 651, in prompt_for_password
    new_password = _password_prompt(password_prompt, stream)
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\fabric\network.py", line 623, in _password_prompt
    return getpass.getpass(prompt, stream)
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\getpass.py", line 101, in win_getpass
    return fallback_getpass(prompt, stream)
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\getpass.py", line 127, in fallback_getpass
    return _raw_input(prompt, stream)
  File "C:\Users\wongg\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\getpass.py", line 147, in _raw_input
    line = input.readline()
KeyboardInterrupt