Spring事务管理之编程式事务管理

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案例：利用Spring的编程式事务管理模拟转账过程

数据库准备

-- 创建表
CREATE TABLE `account`(
	`id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
	`name` VARCHAR(100)	NOT NULL,
	`money` DOUBLE DEFAULT 0,
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = UTF8;
-- 初始化数据
INSERT INTO account (name, money) VALUES ('张三', 1000);
INSERT INTO account (name, money) VALUES ('李四', 1000);
INSERT INTO account (name, money) VALUES ('王五', 1000);

实例

1.项目结构

2.pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

  	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>org.spring</groupId>
	<artifactId>SpringTransaction-001</artifactId>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>SpringTransaction-001 Maven Webapp</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<spring.verion>4.3.8.RELEASE</spring.verion>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<!-- junit -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.12</version>
  			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<!-- spring-core -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
		    <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
		    <version>${spring.verion}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
		    <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
		    <version>${spring.verion}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
		    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
		    <version>${spring.verion}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- spring-dao -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
		    <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
		    <version>${spring.verion}</version>
		</dependency>
	    <!-- spring-test -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
		    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
		    <version>${spring.verion}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- MySQL -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
		    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
		    <version>5.1.42</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- C3P0 -->
		<dependency>
		    <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
		    <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
		    <version>0.9.5.2</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
	  	<finalName>SpringTransaction-001</finalName>
	</build>

</project>

3.jdbc.properties

jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=***
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///spring_transaction?useSSL=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8

4.AccountDao.java

package org.spring.dao;

/**
 * 转账DAO层接口
 */
public interface AccountDao {

	/**
	 * 转出
	 *
	 * @param out
	 * 				转出账号
	 * @param money
	 * 				转出金额
	 */
	void outMoney(String out, double money);

	/**
	 * 转入
	 *
	 * @param in
	 * 				转入账号
	 * @param money
	 * 				转入金额
	 */
	void inMoney(String in, double money);

}

5.AccountDaoImpl.java

package org.spring.dao.impl;

import org.spring.dao.AccountDao;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;

/**
 * 转账DAO层实现类
 *
 */
public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements AccountDao {

	// 转出
	public void outMoney(String out, double money) {

		String sql = "update account set money = money - ? where name = ?";
		this.getJdbcTemplate().update(sql, money, out);

	}

	// 转入
	public void inMoney(String in, double money) {

		String sql = "update account set money = money + ? where name = ?";
		this.getJdbcTemplate().update(sql, money, in);

	}

}

6.AccountService.java

package org.spring.service;

/**
 * 转账业务层接口
 *
 */
public interface AccountService {

	/**
	 * 转账
	 *
	 * @param out
	 * 				转出账号
	 * @param in
	 * 				转入账号
	 * @param money
	 * 				转账金额
	 */
	void transfer(String out, String in, Double money);

}

7.AccountServiceImpl.java

package org.spring.service.impl;

import org.spring.dao.AccountDao;
import org.spring.service.AccountService;import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionCallbackWithoutResult;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;

/**
 * 转账业务层实现类
 *
 */
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {

	private AccountDao accountDao;
	private TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate;

	public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) {
		this.accountDao = accountDao;
	}

	public void setTransactionTemplate(TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate) {
		this.transactionTemplate = transactionTemplate;
	}

	// 转账
	public void transfer(final String out, final String in, final Double money) {

		transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithoutResult() {//使用事务进行管理

			@Override
			protected void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus transactionStatus) {

				accountDao.outMoney(out, money);
				accountDao.inMoney(in, money);

			}

		});

	}

}

8.applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

	<!-- 引入外部的属性文件 -->
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

	<!-- 配置C3P0连接池 -->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
	</bean>

	<!-- 配置业务层类 -->
	<bean id="accountService" class ="org.spring.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl">
		<!-- 注入DAO -->
		<property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"/>
		<!-- 注入事务管理模板 -->
		<property name="transactionTemplate" ref="transactionTemplate"/>
	</bean>

	<!-- 配置DAO层类 -->
	<bean id="accountDao" class="org.spring.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl">
		<!-- 注入连接池 -->
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
	</bean>

	<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
		<!-- 注入连接池 -->
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
	</bean>

    <!-- 配置事务管理的模板：Spring为了简化事务管理的代码而提供的类 -->
    <bean id="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate">
    	<!-- 注入事务管理器 -->
    	<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

9.TestAccount.java

package org.spring.test;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.spring.service.AccountService;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class TestAccount {

	@Resource(name="accountService")
	private AccountService accountService;

	@Test
	public void testTransfer() {

		accountService.transfer("张三", "李四", 100d);

	}

}

10.效果预览

　　10.1 正常执行

　　10.2 将AccountServiceImpl.java代码修改如下，执行

package org.spring.service.impl;

import org.spring.dao.AccountDao;
import org.spring.service.AccountService;import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionStatus;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionCallbackWithoutResult;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;

/**
 * 转账业务层实现类
 *
 */
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {

	private AccountDao accountDao;
	private TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate;

	public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) {
		this.accountDao = accountDao;
	}

	public void setTransactionTemplate(TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate) {
		this.transactionTemplate = transactionTemplate;
	}

	// 转账
	public void transfer(final String out, final String in, final Double money) {

		transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithoutResult() {//使用事务进行管理

			@Override
			protected void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus transactionStatus) {

				accountDao.outMoney(out, money);
				int i = 1 / 0;//手动抛出异常
				accountDao.inMoney(in, money);

			}

		});

	}

}

参考：http://www.imooc.com/video/9331