SSH项目web.xml文件的常用配置【struts2的过滤器、spring监听器、解决Hibernate延迟加载问题的过滤器、解决中文乱码的过滤器】

配置web.xml（struts2的过滤器、spring监听器、解决Hibernate延迟加载问题的过滤器、解决中文乱码的过滤器）

<!-- 解决中文乱码问题 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <!-- 指定编码方式encoding -->
        <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

<!-- 解决Hibernate延迟加载问题 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

<!-- 配置spring监听器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- applicationContext.xml文件不在默认文件夹下，需指定spring配置文件的位置 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

<!-- 配置struts2的过滤器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

        <dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
       <!--服务器内部的转发也能经过滤器处理-->
        <dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
    </filter-mapping>

附：启动tomcat报错

六月 03, 2017 2:45:47 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase addChildInternal
严重: ContainerBase.addChild: start:
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/bos19]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:162)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:725)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:701)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:717)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptor(HostConfig.java:587)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDescriptor.run(HostConfig.java:1798)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Filter mapping specifies an unknown filter name strust2
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.validateFilterMap(StandardContext.java:2994)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.addFilterMap(StandardContext.java:2959)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureContext(ContextConfig.java:1284)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1193)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:783)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:307)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:95)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5213)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
... 10 more

六月 03, 2017 2:45:47 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDescriptor
严重: Error deploying configuration descriptor D:\Program Files (x86)\apache-tomcat-8.0.37\conf\Catalina\localhost\bos19.xml
java.lang.IllegalStateException: ContainerBase.addChild: start: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/bos19]]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:729)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:701)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:717)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptor(HostConfig.java:587)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDescriptor.run(HostConfig.java:1798)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

原因：web.xml 中过滤器名称不匹配

解决办法：将过滤器名称一致

追加：

异常解释：

原因：之前项目由于各种原因未从tomcat中完全清除，即项目从wabapps中删除了，但是tomcat目录下的conf\Catalina\localhost\bos19.xml配置还存在（作用等同于server.xml中的<Context>标签，用于启动时从webapps目录下加载项目），导致项目启动时加载项目失败。

解决方法：删除tomcat目录下的conf\Catalina中的localhost文件夹。