我的树莓派 Raspberry Pi Zero 2W 折腾笔记，记录一些遇到的问题和解决办法

0x00 前言说明

最近买了一块Raspberry Pi Zero 2W来玩，目的是想搭建一台远程运行的个人服务器，上面放个博客、点个灯啥的。于是就有了这篇文章。

树莓派官网地址：https://www.raspberrypi.com/

0x01 SSH连接

首先一开始买到手之后我是很懵的，于是在google上找到了以下几篇文章帮助了我很多。

• https://www.freesion.com/article/3840979679/
• https://www.cnblogs.com/liaouser/p/15844159.html
• https://www.freebuf.com/geek/209255.html
• https://shumeipai.nxez.com/2018/02/20/raspberry-pi-zero-usb-ethernet-gadget-tutorial.html?variant=zh-cn
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sUU-ch8LEcE&ab_channel=ITCommander

看了那个youtube上面的视频后，发现其实买之前是可以叫淘宝客服帮忙焊接gpio引脚的。然后发现我身边有一个电烙铁，于是打算试一下（从来焊接过），结局如下

还好，没有坏掉！哈哈，这就是不看教程就直接动手的后果，望大家引以为戒！那么，跟着上面的教程写入操作系统到sd卡之后就是安装驱动和ssh连接树莓派了，连接的时候遇到了一个问题就是pi@raspberrypi.local's password，ssh登录不上去，看了下官方发现：

There are also mechanisms to preconfigure an image without using Imager. To set up a user on first boot and bypass the wizard completely, create a file called userconf or userconf.txt in the boot partition of the SD card; this is the part of the SD card which can be seen when it is mounted in a Windows or MacOS computer.

This file should contain a single line of text, consisting of username:encrypted- password – so your desired username, followed immediately by a colon, followed immediately by an encrypted representation of the password you want to use.

To generate the encrypted password, the easiest way is to use OpenSSL on a Raspberry Pi that is already running – open a terminal window and enter

echo 'mypassword' | openssl passwd -6 -stdin
This will produce what looks like a string of random characters, which is actually an encrypted version of the supplied password.

https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/raspberry-pi-bullseye-update-april-2022/

简单来说就是树莓派为了安全起见不在使用默认密码，所以需要在启动前在boot目录下创建一个userconf.txt，格式如下：

username:encrypted-password

其中encrypted-password可以用echo 'mypassword' | openssl passwd -6 -stdin这条命令生成，贴一下我生成的配置：

pi:$6$T12E4motTbeG7HXC$0vvzm.7sNj9bsEzVL2JT4P9OYXpvsk3lwqK6CzTVyyLrRdUA.fZVWrfzqmU./mmuU1O/i3xSueXPX4ieBjrCM/

也就是用户名为pi，密码为raspberry。重新写入sd卡之后，再次连接一波！

λ ssh pi@raspberrypi.local -p 22
Warning: Permanently added the ECDSA host key for IP address '169.254.155.237' to the list of known hosts.
pi@raspberrypi.local's password:
Linux raspberrypi 5.15.32-v8+ #1538 SMP PREEMPT Thu Mar 31 19:40:39 BST 2022 aarch64

The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
Last login: Mon Apr  4 15:41:56 2022

SSH is enabled and the default password for the 'pi' user has not been changed.
This is a security risk - please login as the 'pi' user and type 'passwd' to set a new password.

Wi-Fi is currently blocked by rfkill.
Use raspi-config to set the country before use.

pi@raspberrypi:~ $

成功了！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！哇，成就感满满的！

0x02 配置网络

输入sudo raspi-config,选择国家—> “System Options”—>选第一个 —> 输入WiFi名称密码—> 重启sudo reboot

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ ifconfig
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 10  bytes 1600 (1.5 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 10  bytes 1600 (1.5 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

usb0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 169.254.174.149  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 169.254.255.255
        inet6 fe80::74a7:e6a5:d1b2:66e  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 62:ae:a7:2d:b5:2f  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 187  bytes 19160 (18.7 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 30  bytes 5905 (5.7 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

wlan0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.1.4  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
        inet6 240e:379:1a87:b500:fc16:62d:3ce4:de2b  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x0<global>
        inet6 fe80::4ee:25c1:2732:51c0  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether e4:5f:01:4b:3a:e4  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 157  bytes 24008 (23.4 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 87  bytes 14755 (14.4 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (14.215.177.39) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 14.215.177.39 (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq=1 ttl=55 time=19.8 ms
64 bytes from 14.215.177.39 (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq=2 ttl=55 time=23.1 ms
64 bytes from 14.215.177.39 (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq=3 ttl=55 time=22.9 ms
64 bytes from 14.215.177.39 (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq=4 ttl=55 time=22.9 ms
64 bytes from 14.215.177.39 (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq=5 ttl=55 time=22.8 ms
64 bytes from 14.215.177.39 (14.215.177.39): icmp_seq=6 ttl=55 time=24.1 ms
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
6 packets transmitted, 6 received, 0% packet loss, time 5007ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 19.849/22.594/24.104/1.306 ms
pi@raspberrypi:~ $

连接网络成功！哦耶！

0x03 文本结语

那么先到这里，后续出一个电灯的文章！！！