ProxySQL初体验

Preface

As we all know,it's a common sense that separate reading and writing operations can immensely increse the performance of MySQL database.Especially the query operations by executing select statement relevant with large tables.Therefore,we usually choose a proxy tool to deal with it.There're a lot of tools can be used nowadays such as mycat(by Apache),dble(based on mycat by Action),atlas,dbproxy(based on atlas of Qihoo360 by MeituanDianping),cetus(by NetEase) and so forth.I'm not going to compare who's the better tool to use.I'm just prefer to having a test on another popular tool which is called "ProxySQL".

Introduce

ProxySQL is a low-weight proxy tool based on a SQLite database.It provids hight performance espcially in high concurrent environment what we can see below(compared with the MaxScale).

The configuration of ProxySQL is a three-layer structure:

We usually conifuge the parameter in layer of memory,and then load them into layer of runtime to make it take effect.In the end,we should save them to disk for durability storage.It also provides some simple syntax to transfer configurations between those layers as below:

LOAD MYSQL object FROM MEMORY or LOAD MYSQL object TO RUNTIME
SAVE MYSQL object TO MEMORY or SAVE MYSQL object FROM RUNTIME
LOAD MYSQL object TO MEMORY or LOAD MYSQL object FROM DISK
SAVE MYSQL object FROM MEMORY or SAVE MYSQL object TO DISK
LOAD MYSQL object FROM CONFIG

The comparison with other popular middleware tools.

http://www.proxysql.com/compare

Official website:

http://www.proxysql.com/

Github websit:

https://github.com/sysown/proxysql/releases/

Percona websit:

http://www.percona.com/downloads/proxysql

Procedure

1. Installation

Download and install ProxySQL in rpm mode on node zlm2.

 [root@zlm2 :: ~]

 #wget https://github.com/sysown/proxysql/releases/download/v1.4.10/proxysql-1.4.10-1-centos7.x86_64.rpm

 ---- ::--  https://github.com/sysown/proxysql/releases/download/v1.4.10/proxysql-1.4.10-1-centos7.x86_64.rpm

 Resolving github.com (github.com)... 13.229.188.59, 52.74.223.119, 13.250.177.223

 Connecting to github.com (github.com)|13.229.188.59|:... connected.

 HTTP request sent, awaiting response...  Found

 Location: https://github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com/27358084/305d1618-9a5b-11e8-9b04-df8e3393a6b4?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20180810%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20180810T060119Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=f4f676653d4cd4f34f4b75b2a4e7dfeaee8bf9d8e35dc91938f41961123a9c9f&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Dproxysql-1.4.10-1-centos7.x86_64.rpm&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream [following]

 ---- ::--  https://github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com/27358084/305d1618-9a5b-11e8-9b04-df8e3393a6b4?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20180810%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20180810T060119Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=f4f676653d4cd4f34f4b75b2a4e7dfeaee8bf9d8e35dc91938f41961123a9c9f&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Dproxysql-1.4.10-1-centos7.x86_64.rpm&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream

 Resolving github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com (github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com)... 54.231.32.91

 Connecting to github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com (github-production-release-asset-2e65be.s3.amazonaws.com)|54.231.32.91|:... connected.

 HTTP request sent, awaiting response...  OK

 Length:  (5.7M) [application/octet-stream]

 Saving to: ‘proxysql-1.4.--centos7.x86_64.rpm’

 %[===========================================================================================================>] ,,   .12MB/s   in 12s    

 -- :: ( KB/s) - ‘proxysql-1.4.--centos7.x86_64.rpm’ saved [/]

 [root@zlm2 :: ~]

 #ls -l|grep proxysql

 -rw-r--r--    root root     Aug   : proxysql-1.4.--centos7.x86_64.rpm

 [root@zlm2 :: ~]

 #yum -y localinstall proxysql-1.4.--centos7.x86_64.rpm

 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

 Examining proxysql-1.4.--centos7.x86_64.rpm: proxysql-1.4.-.x86_64

 Marking proxysql-1.4.--centos7.x86_64.rpm to be installed

 Resolving Dependencies

 --> Running transaction check

 ---> Package proxysql.x86_64 :1.4.- will be installed

 --> Finished Dependency Resolution

 Dependencies Resolved

 =====================================================================================================================================================

  Package                      Arch                       Version                         Repository                                             Size

 =====================================================================================================================================================

 Installing:

  proxysql                     x86_64                     1.4.-                        /proxysql-1.4.--centos7.x86_64                       M

 Transaction Summary

 =====================================================================================================================================================

 Install   Package

 Total size:  M

 Installed size:  M

 Downloading packages:

 Running transaction check

 Running transaction test

 Transaction test succeeded

 Running transaction

   Installing : proxysql-1.4.-.x86_64                                                                                                          /

   Verifying  : proxysql-1.4.-.x86_64                                                                                                          / 

 Installed:

   proxysql.x86_64 :1.4.-                                                                                                                         

 Complete!

Check the default configuration file.

 [root@zlm2 :: ~]

 #rpm -ql proxysql

 /etc/init.d/proxysql

 /etc/proxysql.cnf //This is the configuration file of ProxySQL.

 /usr/bin/proxysql

 /usr/share/proxysql/tools/proxysql_galera_checker.sh //This is the script to check the status of hostgroups.

 /usr/share/proxysql/tools/proxysql_galera_writer.pl

 [root@zlm2 :: ~]

 #cat /etc/proxysql.cnf

 #file proxysql.cfg

 ########################################################################################

 # This config file is parsed using libconfig , and its grammar is described in:

 # http://www.hyperrealm.com/libconfig/libconfig_manual.html#Configuration-File-Grammar

 # Grammar is also copied at the end of this file

 ########################################################################################

 ########################################################################################

 # IMPORTANT INFORMATION REGARDING THIS CONFIGURATION FILE:

 ########################################################################################

 # On startup, ProxySQL reads its config file (if present) to determine its datadir.

 # What happens next depends on if the database file (disk) is present in the defined

 # datadir (i.e. "/var/lib/proxysql/proxysql.db").

 #

 # If the database file is found, ProxySQL initializes its in-memory configuration from

 # the persisted on-disk database. So, disk configuration gets loaded into memory and

 # then propagated towards the runtime configuration.

 #

 # If the database file is not found and a config file exists, the config file is parsed

 # and its content is loaded into the in-memory database, to then be both saved on-disk

 # database and loaded at runtime.

 #

 # IMPORTANT: If a database file is found, the config file is NOT parsed. In this case

 #            ProxySQL initializes its in-memory configuration from the persisted on-disk

 #            database ONLY. In other words, the configuration found in the proxysql.cnf

 #            file is only used to initial the on-disk database read on the first startup.

 #

 # In order to FORCE a re-initialise of the on-disk database from the configuration file

 # the ProxySQL service should be started with "service proxysql initial".

 #

 ########################################################################################

 datadir="/var/lib/proxysql" //This is the position of SQLite database of ProxySQL.

 admin_variables=

 {

     admin_credentials="admin:admin" //The default user/password is admin/admin.

 #    mysql_ifaces="127.0.0.1:6032;/tmp/proxysql_admin.sock"

     mysql_ifaces="0.0.0.0:6032" //The default admin port is 6032.

 #    refresh_interval=

 #    debug=true

 }

 mysql_variables=

 {

     threads=

     max_connections=

     default_query_delay=

     default_query_timeout=

     have_compress=true

     poll_timeout=

 #    interfaces="0.0.0.0:6033;/tmp/proxysql.sock"

     interfaces="0.0.0.0:6033" //The default service port is 6033.

     default_schema="information_schema"

     stacksize=

     server_version="5.5.30"

     connect_timeout_server=

 # make sure to configure monitor username and password

 # https://github.com/sysown/proxysql/wiki/Global-variables#mysql-monitor_username-mysql-monitor_password

     monitor_username="monitor"

     monitor_password="monitor"

     monitor_history=

     monitor_connect_interval=

     monitor_ping_interval=

     monitor_read_only_interval=

     monitor_read_only_timeout=

     ping_interval_server_msec=

     ping_timeout_server=

     commands_stats=true

     sessions_sort=true

     connect_retries_on_failure=

 }

 # defines all the MySQL servers

 mysql_servers =

 (

 #    {

 #        address = "127.0.0.1" # no default, required . If port is  , address is interpred as a Unix Socket Domain

 #        port =            # no default, required . If port is  , address is interpred as a Unix Socket Domain

 #        hostgroup =             # no default, required

 #        status = "ONLINE"     # default: ONLINE

 #        weight =             # default:

 #        compression =        # default:

 #   max_replication_lag =   # default  . If greater than  and replication lag passes such threshold, the server is shunned

 #    },

 #    {

 #        address = "/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock"

 #        port =

 #        hostgroup =

 #    },

 #    {

 #        address="127.0.0.1"

 #        port=

 #        hostgroup=

 #        max_connections=

 #    },

 #    { address="127.0.0.2" , port= , hostgroup=, max_connections= },

 #    { address="127.0.0.1" , port= , hostgroup= },

 #    { address="127.0.0.1" , port= , hostgroup= }

 #    { address="127.0.0.2" , port= , hostgroup= },

 #    { address="127.0.0.3" , port= , hostgroup= },

 #    { address="127.0.0.4" , port= , hostgroup= },

 #    { address="/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock" , port= , hostgroup= }

 )

 # defines all the MySQL users

 mysql_users:

 (

 #    {

 #        username = "username" # no default , required

 #        password = "password" # default: ''

 #        default_hostgroup =  # default:

 #        active =             # default:

 #    },

 #    {

 #        username = "root"

 #        password = ""

 #        default_hostgroup =

 #        max_connections=

 #        default_schema="test"

 #        active =

 #    },

 #    { username = "user1" , password = "password" , default_hostgroup =  , active =  }

 )

 #defines MySQL Query Rules

 mysql_query_rules:

 (

 #    {

 #        rule_id=

 #        active=

 #        match_pattern="^SELECT .* FOR UPDATE$"

 #        destination_hostgroup=

 #        apply=

 #    },

 #    {

 #        rule_id=

 #        active=

 #        match_pattern="^SELECT"

 #        destination_hostgroup=

 #        apply=

 #    }

 )

 scheduler=

 (

 #  {

 #    id=

 #    active=

 #    interval_ms=

 #    filename="/var/lib/proxysql/proxysql_galera_checker.sh"

 #    arg1=""

 #    arg2=""

 #    arg3=""

 #    arg4=""

 #    arg5="/var/lib/proxysql/proxysql_galera_checker.log"

 #  }

 )

 mysql_replication_hostgroups=

 (

 #        {

 #                writer_hostgroup=

 #                reader_hostgroup=

 #                comment="test repl 1"

 #       },

 #       {

 #                writer_hostgroup=

 #                reader_hostgroup=

 #                comment="test repl 2"

 #        }

 )

 # http://www.hyperrealm.com/libconfig/libconfig_manual.html#Configuration-File-Grammar

 #

 # Below is the BNF grammar for configuration files. Comments and include directives are not part of the grammar, so they are not included here.

 #

 # configuration = setting-list | empty

 #

 # setting-list = setting | setting-list setting

 #

 # setting = name (":" | "=") value (";" | "," | empty)

 #

 # value = scalar-value | array | list | group

 #

 # value-list = value | value-list "," value

 #

 # scalar-value = boolean | integer | integer64 | hex | hex64 | float

 #                | string

 #

 # scalar-value-list = scalar-value | scalar-value-list "," scalar-value

 #

 # array = "[" (scalar-value-list | empty) "]"

 #

 # list = "(" (value-list | empty) ")"

 #

 # group = "{" (setting-list | empty) "}"

 #

 # empty =

Start ProxySQL and check tables of it.

 [root@zlm2 :: ~]

 #service proxysql start

 Starting ProxySQL: -- :: [INFO] Using config file /etc/proxysql.cnf

 DONE!

 [root@zlm2 :: ~]

 #ps aux|grep proxysql

 root        0.0  0.5     ?        S    :   : proxysql -c /etc/proxysql.cnf -D /var/lib/proxysql

 root        0.3  1.8   ?        Sl   :   : proxysql -c /etc/proxysql.cnf -D /var/lib/proxysql

 root        0.0  0.0     pts/    R+   :   : grep --color=auto proxysql

 [root@zlm2 :: ~]

 #cd /var/lib/proxysql

 [root@zlm2 :: /var/lib/proxysql]

 #ls -l

 total

 -rw-------  root root  Aug  : proxysql.db

 -rw-------  root root    Aug  : proxysql.log

 -rw-r--r--  root root       Aug  : proxysql.pid

 -rw-------  root root  Aug  : proxysql_stats.db

 -rw-r--r--  root root       Aug  : reload

 [root@zlm2 :: /var/lib/proxysql]

 #mysql -uadmin -padmin -h127.0.0. -P6032

 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

 Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

 Your MySQL connection id is

 Server version: 5.5. (ProxySQL Admin Module)

 Copyright (c) - Percona LLC and/or its affiliates

 Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

 affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

 owners.

 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[(none)]>show databases;

 +-----+---------------+-------------------------------------+

 | seq | name          | file                                |

 +-----+---------------+-------------------------------------+

 |    | main          |                                     |

 |    | disk          | /var/lib/proxysql/proxysql.db       |

 |    | stats         |                                     |

 |    | monitor       |                                     |

 |    | stats_history | /var/lib/proxysql/proxysql_stats.db |

 +-----+---------------+-------------------------------------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 //There's five databases in all in PorxySQL database.In the previous version,there's no stats_history database;

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[(none)]>show tables from main;

 +--------------------------------------------+

 | tables                                     |

 +--------------------------------------------+

 | global_variables                           | //It contains all the variables of ProxySQL.

 | mysql_collations                           |

 | mysql_group_replication_hostgroups         |

 | mysql_query_rules                          | //It contains all the query rules we'd like to use.

 | mysql_query_rules_fast_routing             |

 | mysql_replication_hostgroups               |

 | mysql_servers                              | //It contains the information of all servers relevant with MySQL.

 | mysql_users                                | //It contains the information of all users relevant with MySQL.

 | proxysql_servers                           | //It contains the information of all servers relevant with ProxySQL.

 | runtime_checksums_values                   |

 | runtime_global_variables                   |

 | runtime_mysql_group_replication_hostgroups |

 | runtime_mysql_query_rules                  |

 | runtime_mysql_query_rules_fast_routing     |

 | runtime_mysql_replication_hostgroups       |

 | runtime_mysql_servers                      |

 | runtime_mysql_users                        |

 | runtime_proxysql_servers                   |

 | runtime_scheduler                          |

 | scheduler                                  |

 +--------------------------------------------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 //All the "runtime" prefixed tables in "main" database contain the current configuration in runtime mode.The other tables can be modified in memory mode.

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[(none)]>show tables from disk;

 +------------------------------------+

 | tables                             |

 +------------------------------------+

 | global_variables                   |

 | mysql_collations                   |

 | mysql_group_replication_hostgroups |

 | mysql_query_rules                  |

 | mysql_query_rules_fast_routing     |

 | mysql_replication_hostgroups       |

 | mysql_servers                      |

 | mysql_users                        |

 | proxysql_servers                   |

 | scheduler                          |

 +------------------------------------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 //All the tables contains the relevant data which we have saved in disk by "SAVE MYSQL xxx TO DISK;" command.

 //All the tables have the the same structure as those in "main" database.

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[(none)]>show tables from monitor;

 +------------------------------------+

 | tables                             |

 +------------------------------------+

 | mysql_server_connect_log           |

 | mysql_server_group_replication_log |

 | mysql_server_ping_log              |

 | mysql_server_read_only_log         |

 | mysql_server_replication_lag_log   |

 +------------------------------------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[(none)]>show tables from stats;

 +--------------------------------------+

 | tables                               |

 +--------------------------------------+

 | global_variables                     |

 | stats_memory_metrics                 |

 | stats_mysql_commands_counters        |

 | stats_mysql_connection_pool          |

 | stats_mysql_connection_pool_reset    |

 | stats_mysql_global                   |

 | stats_mysql_prepared_statements_info |

 | stats_mysql_processlist              |

 | stats_mysql_query_digest             |

 | stats_mysql_query_digest_reset       |

 | stats_mysql_query_rules              |

 | stats_mysql_users                    |

 | stats_proxysql_servers_checksums     |

 | stats_proxysql_servers_metrics       |

 | stats_proxysql_servers_status        |

 +--------------------------------------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

2. Configure the separation of reading and writing.

Configure the hostgroup id.

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>show create table mysql_replication_hostgroups\G

 *************************** . row ***************************

        table: mysql_replication_hostgroups

 Create Table: CREATE TABLE mysql_replication_hostgroups (

     writer_hostgroup INT CHECK (writer_hostgroup>=) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,

     reader_hostgroup INT NOT NULL CHECK (reader_hostgroup<>writer_hostgroup AND reader_hostgroup>),

     comment VARCHAR NOT NULL DEFAULT '', UNIQUE (reader_hostgroup))

  row in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>insert into mysql_replication_hostgroups(writer_hostgroup,reader_hostgroup,comment) values(,,'Test of ProxySQL');

 Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>select * from mysql_replication_hostgroups;

 +------------------+------------------+------------------+

 | writer_hostgroup | reader_hostgroup | comment          |

 +------------------+------------------+------------------+

 |                |                | Test of ProxySQL |

 +------------------+------------------+------------------+

  row in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>select * from main.runtime_mysql_replication_hostgroups;

 Empty set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>select * from disk.mysql_replication_hostgroups;

 Empty set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>load mysql servers to runtime;save mysql servers to disk;

 Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)

 Query OK,  rows affected (0.04 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>select * from main.runtime_mysql_replication_hostgroups;

 +------------------+------------------+------------------+

 | writer_hostgroup | reader_hostgroup | comment          |

 +------------------+------------------+------------------+

 |                |                | Test of ProxySQL |

 +------------------+------------------+------------------+

  row in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>select * from disk.mysql_replication_hostgroups;

 +------------------+------------------+------------------+

 | writer_hostgroup | reader_hostgroup | comment          |

 +------------------+------------------+------------------+

 |                |                | Test of ProxySQL |

 +------------------+------------------+------------------+

  row in set (0.00 sec)

Configure the MySQL servers in different hostgroup.

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>show create table mysql_servers\G

 *************************** . row ***************************

        table: mysql_servers

 Create Table: CREATE TABLE mysql_servers (

     hostgroup_id INT CHECK (hostgroup_id>=) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     hostname VARCHAR NOT NULL,

     port INT NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     status VARCHAR CHECK (UPPER(status) IN ('ONLINE','SHUNNED','OFFLINE_SOFT', 'OFFLINE_HARD')) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'ONLINE',

     weight INT CHECK (weight >= ) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     compression INT CHECK (compression >= AND compression <= ) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     max_connections INT CHECK (max_connections >=) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     max_replication_lag INT CHECK (max_replication_lag >=  AND max_replication_lag <= ) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     use_ssl INT CHECK (use_ssl IN(,)) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     max_latency_ms INT UNSIGNED CHECK (max_latency_ms>=) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     comment VARCHAR NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

     PRIMARY KEY (hostgroup_id, hostname, port) )

  row in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>insert into mysql_servers(hostgrop_id,hostname,port,max_connections,max_replication_lag,max_latency_ms) values(,'192.168.1.101',,,,),(,'192.168.1.102',,,,),(,'192.168.1.103',,,,);

 Query OK,  row affected (0.01 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>select * from mysql_servers;

 +--------------+---------------+------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+

 | hostgroup_id | hostname      | port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |

 +--------------+---------------+------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+

 |            | 192.168.1.101 |  | ONLINE |       |            |               |                   |        |            |         |

 |            | 191.168.1.102 |  | ONLINE |       |            |               |                   |        |            |         |

 |            | 192.168.1.103 |  | ONLINE |       |            |               |                   |        |            |         |

 +--------------+---------------+------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>select * from runtime_mysql_servers;

 Empty set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>select * from disk.mysql_servers;

 Empty set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>load mysql servers to runtime;save mysql servers to disk;

 Query OK,  rows affected (0.01 sec)

 Query OK,  rows affected (0.03 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>select * from runtime_mysql_servers;

 +--------------+---------------+------+---------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+

 | hostgroup_id | hostname      | port | status  | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |

 +--------------+---------------+------+---------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+

 |            | 191.168.1.102 |  | SHUNNED |       |            |               |                   |        |            |         |

 |            | 192.168.1.101 |  | ONLINE  |       |            |               |                   |        |            |         |

 |            | 192.168.1.103 |  | ONLINE  |       |            |               |                   |        |            |         |

 +--------------+---------------+------+---------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>select * from disk.mysql_servers;

 +--------------+---------------+------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+

 | hostgroup_id | hostname      | port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |

 +--------------+---------------+------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+

 |            | 192.168.1.101 |  | ONLINE |       |            |               |                   |        |            |         |

 |            | 191.168.1.102 |  | ONLINE |       |            |               |                   |        |            |         |

 |            | 192.168.1.103 |  | ONLINE |       |            |               |                   |        |            |         |

 +--------------+---------------+------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

Configure the monitor user and product user.

 [root@zlm2 :: /var/lib/proxysql]

 #ls -l

 total

 -rw-------  root root  Aug  : proxysql.db

 -rw-------  root root  Aug  : proxysql.log

 -rw-r--r--  root root       Aug  : proxysql.pid

 -rw-------  root root  Aug  : proxysql_stats.db

 -rw-r--r--  root root       Aug  : reload

 [root@zlm2 :: /var/lib/proxysql]

 #tail proxysql.log

 -- :: MySQL_Monitor.cpp::monitor_read_only_thread(): [ERROR] Timeout on read_only check for 192.168.1.101: after 0ms. Unable to create a connection. If the server is overload, increase mysql-monitor_connect_timeout. Error: timeout on creating new connection: Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.1.101' (using password: YES).

 -- :: MySQL_Monitor.cpp::monitor_read_only_thread(): [ERROR] Server 192.168.1.101: missed  read_only checks. Assuming read_only=

 -- :: MySQL_Monitor.cpp::monitor_read_only_thread(): [ERROR] Timeout on read_only check for 192.168.1.103: after 1ms. Unable to create a connection. If the server is overload, increase mysql-monitor_connect_timeout. Error: timeout on creating new connection: Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.1.101' (using password: YES).

 -- :: MySQL_Monitor.cpp::monitor_read_only_thread(): [ERROR] Server 192.168.1.103: missed  read_only checks. Assuming read_only=

 -- :: MySQL_Monitor.cpp::monitor_read_only_thread(): [ERROR] Timeout on read_only check for 192.168.1.101: after 0ms. Unable to create a connection. If the server is overload, increase mysql-monitor_connect_timeout. Error: timeout on creating new connection: Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.1.101' (using password: YES).

 -- :: MySQL_Monitor.cpp::monitor_read_only_thread(): [ERROR] Server 192.168.1.101: missed  read_only checks. Assuming read_only=

 -- :: MySQL_Monitor.cpp::monitor_read_only_thread(): [ERROR] Timeout on read_only check for 192.168.1.101: after 0ms. Unable to create a connection. If the server is overload, increase mysql-monitor_connect_timeout. Error: timeout on creating new connection: Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.1.101' (using password: YES).

 -- :: MySQL_Monitor.cpp::monitor_read_only_thread(): [ERROR] Server 192.168.1.101: missed  read_only checks. Assuming read_only=

 -- :: MySQL_Monitor.cpp::monitor_read_only_thread(): [ERROR] Timeout on read_only check for 192.168.1.103: after 1ms. Unable to create a connection. If the server is overload, increase mysql-monitor_connect_timeout. Error: timeout on creating new connection: Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.1.101' (using password: YES).

 -- :: MySQL_Monitor.cpp::monitor_read_only_thread(): [ERROR] Server 192.168.1.103: missed  read_only checks. Assuming read_only=

 [root@zlm2 :: /data/mysql/mysql3308/data]

 #tail error.log

 --10T09::09.757619+:  [Note] Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.1.101' (using password: YES)

 --10T09::11.248093+:  [Note] Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.1.101' (using password: YES)

 --10T09::12.748305+:  [Note] Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.1.101' (using password: YES)

 --10T09::14.253693+:  [Note] Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.1.101' (using password: YES)

 --10T09::15.753818+:  [Note] Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.1.101' (using password: YES)

 --10T09::17.274359+:  [Note] Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.1.101' (using password: YES)

 --10T09::18.754761+:  [Note] Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.1.101' (using password: YES)

 --10T09::19.177448+:  [Note] Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.1.101' (using password: YES)

 --10T09::19.386483+:  [Note] Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.1.101' (using password: YES)

 --10T09::20.270737+:  [Note] Access denied for user 'monitor'@'192.168.1.101' (using password: YES)

 //The user "monitor" has no privileges to connect in MySQL instance yet.

 //Add monitor user "monitor" in the MySQL instance and grant privileges.

 (root@localhost mysql3308.sock)[(none)]>grant all privileges on *.* to monitor@'%' identified by 'monitor';

 Query OK,  rows affected,  warning (0.02 sec)

 (root@localhost mysql3308.sock)[(none)]>select user,host from mysql.user;

 +---------------+-------------+

 | user          | host        |

 +---------------+-------------+

 | monitor       | %           |

 | repl          | 192.168..% |

 | zlm           | 192.168..% |

 | mysql.session | localhost   |

 | mysql.sys     | localhost   |

 | root          | localhost   |

 | sst           | localhost   |

 +---------------+-------------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 [root@zlm2 :: /var/lib/proxysql]

 #tail - proxysql.log

 -- :: [INFO] New mysql_replication_hostgroups table

 writer_hostgroup:  , reader_hostgroup: , Test of ProxySQL

 -- :: [INFO] New mysql_group_replication_hostgroups table

 -- :: [INFO] Dumping current MySQL Servers structures for hostgroup ALL

 HID:  , address: 192.168.1.103 , port:  , weight:  , status: ONLINE , max_connections:  , max_replication_lag:  , use_ssl:  , max_latency_ms:  , comment:

 HID:  , address: 192.168.1.101 , port:  , weight:  , status: ONLINE , max_connections:  , max_replication_lag:  , use_ssl:  , max_latency_ms:  , comment:

 HID:  , address: 191.168.1.102 , port:  , weight:  , status: ONLINE , max_connections:  , max_replication_lag:  , use_ssl:  , max_latency_ms:  , comment:

 HID:  , address: 192.168.1.103 , port:  , weight:  , status: ONLINE , max_connections:  , max_replication_lag:  , use_ssl:  , max_latency_ms:  , comment:

 HID:  , address: 192.168.1.101 , port:  , weight:  , status: ONLINE , max_connections:  , max_replication_lag:  , use_ssl:  , max_latency_ms:  , comment:

 -- :: [INFO] Dumping mysql_servers

 +--------------+---------------+------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+-----------------+

 | hostgroup_id | hostname      | port | weight | status | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment | mem_pointer     |

 +--------------+---------------+------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+-----------------+

 |            | 192.168.1.103 |  |       |       |            |               |                   |        |            |         |  |

 |            | 192.168.1.101 |  |       |       |            |               |                   |        |            |         |  |

 |            | 192.168.1.103 |  |       |       |            |               |                   |        |            |         |  |

 |            | 191.168.1.102 |  |       |       |            |               |                   |        |            |         |  |

 |            | 192.168.1.101 |  |       |       |            |               |                   |        |            |         |  |

 +--------------+---------------+------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+-----------------+

 -- :: MySQL_Monitor.cpp::monitor_ping(): [ERROR] Server 191.168.1.102: missed  heartbeats, shunning it and killing all the connections. Disabling other checks until the node comes back online.

 //Now,the monitor user "monitor" of ProxySQL can get the monitor information.

 //Continue to configure the product user which we need to connect in MySQL instance.

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>show create table mysql_users\G

 *************************** . row ***************************

        table: mysql_users

 Create Table: CREATE TABLE mysql_users (

     username VARCHAR NOT NULL,

     password VARCHAR,

     active INT CHECK (active IN (,)) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     use_ssl INT CHECK (use_ssl IN (,)) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     default_hostgroup INT NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     default_schema VARCHAR,

     schema_locked INT CHECK (schema_locked IN (,)) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     transaction_persistent INT CHECK (transaction_persistent IN (,)) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     fast_forward INT CHECK (fast_forward IN (,)) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     backend INT CHECK (backend IN (,)) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     frontend INT CHECK (frontend IN (,)) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     max_connections INT CHECK (max_connections >=) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     PRIMARY KEY (username, backend),

     UNIQUE (username, frontend))

  row in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>insert into mysql_users(username,password,active,default_hostgroup,default_schema) values('zlm','zlmzlm',,,'zlm');

 Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>select * from mysql_users;

 +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

 | username | password | active | use_ssl | default_hostgroup | default_schema | schema_locked | transaction_persistent | fast_forward | backend | frontend | max_connections |

 +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

 | zlm      | zlmzlm   |       |        |                 | zlm            |              |                       |             |        |         |            |

 +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

  row in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>load mysql users to runtime;save mysql users to disk;

 Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)

 Query OK,  rows affected (0.01 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>select * from runtime_mysql_users;

 +----------+-------------------------------------------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

 | username | password                                  | active | use_ssl | default_hostgroup | default_schema | schema_locked | transaction_persistent | fast_forward | backend | frontend | max_connections |

 +----------+-------------------------------------------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

 | zlm      | *512FB3FAA6F522E351929CAC70AD8EBB0F5901B6 |       |        |                 | zlm            |              |                       |             |        |         |            |

 | zlm      | *512FB3FAA6F522E351929CAC70AD8EBB0F5901B6 |       |        |                 | zlm            |              |                       |             |        |         |            |

 +----------+-------------------------------------------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>select * from disk.mysql_users;

 +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

 | username | password | active | use_ssl | default_hostgroup | default_schema | schema_locked | transaction_persistent | fast_forward | backend | frontend | max_connections |

 +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

 | zlm      | zlmzlm   |       |        |                 | zlm            |              |                       |             |        |         |            |

 +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

  row in set (0.00 sec)

Configure the mysql query rules.

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>show create table mysql_query_rules\G

 *************************** . row ***************************

        table: mysql_query_rules

 Create Table: CREATE TABLE mysql_query_rules (

     rule_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT NOT NULL,

     active INT CHECK (active IN (,)) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     username VARCHAR,

     schemaname VARCHAR,

     flagIN INT NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     client_addr VARCHAR,

     proxy_addr VARCHAR,

     proxy_port INT,

     digest VARCHAR,

     match_digest VARCHAR,

     match_pattern VARCHAR,

     negate_match_pattern INT CHECK (negate_match_pattern IN (,)) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     re_modifiers VARCHAR DEFAULT 'CASELESS',

     flagOUT INT,

     replace_pattern VARCHAR,

     destination_hostgroup INT DEFAULT NULL,

     cache_ttl INT CHECK(cache_ttl > ),

     reconnect INT CHECK (reconnect IN (,)) DEFAULT NULL,

     timeout INT UNSIGNED,

     retries INT CHECK (retries>= AND retries <=),

     delay INT UNSIGNED,

     next_query_flagIN INT UNSIGNED,

     mirror_flagOUT INT UNSIGNED,

     mirror_hostgroup INT UNSIGNED,

     error_msg VARCHAR,

     OK_msg VARCHAR,

     sticky_conn INT CHECK (sticky_conn IN (,)),

     multiplex INT CHECK (multiplex IN (,,)),

     log INT CHECK (log IN (,)),

     apply INT CHECK(apply IN (,)) NOT NULL DEFAULT ,

     comment VARCHAR)

  row in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>insert into mysql_query_rules(active,username,match_pattern,schemaname,destination_hostgroup,apply) values(,'zlm','^select','zlm',,);

 Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>select active,username,match_pattern,schemaname,destination_hostgroup,apply from mysql_query_rules;

 +--------+----------+---------------+------------+-----------------------+-------+

 | active | username | match_pattern | schemaname | destination_hostgroup | apply |

 +--------+----------+---------------+------------+-----------------------+-------+

 |       | zlm      | ^select       | zlm        |                     |      |

 +--------+----------+---------------+------------+-----------------------+-------+

  row in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>load mysql query rules to runtime;save mysql query rules to disk;

 Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)

 Query OK,  rows affected (0.02 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>select active,username,match_pattern,schemaname,destination_hostgroup,apply from runtime_mysql_query_rules;

 +--------+----------+---------------+------------+-----------------------+-------+

 | active | username | match_pattern | schemaname | destination_hostgroup | apply |

 +--------+----------+---------------+------------+-----------------------+-------+

 |       | zlm      | ^select       | zlm        |                     |      |

 +--------+----------+---------------+------------+-----------------------+-------+

  row in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>select active,username,match_pattern,schemaname,destination_hostgroup,apply from disk.mysql_query_rules;

 +--------+----------+---------------+------------+-----------------------+-------+

 | active | username | match_pattern | schemaname | destination_hostgroup | apply |

 +--------+----------+---------------+------------+-----------------------+-------+

 |       | zlm      | ^select       | zlm        |                     |      |

 +--------+----------+---------------+------------+-----------------------+-------+

  row in set (0.00 sec)

3. Test dml operations

Login MySQL Instance with product user 'zlm'.

 //Connect with port 6033 to use the query rule of ProxySQL.

 [root@zlm2 :: /data/mysql/mysql3308/data]

 #mysql -uzlm -pzlmzlm -h192.168.1. -P6033

 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

 Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

 Your MySQL connection id is

 Server version: 5.5. (ProxySQL)

 Copyright (c) - Percona LLC and/or its affiliates

 Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

 affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

 owners.

 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

 (zlm@192.168.1.101 )[(none)]>show tables; //The default database automatically became zlm although I have't specify which database to use.

 +---------------+

 | Tables_in_zlm |

 +---------------+

 | t1            |

 | t2            |

 +---------------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 (zlm@192.168.1.101 )[(none)]>select * from t1;

 +----+------------+

 | id | name       |

 +----+------------+

 |   | MySQL      |

 |   | Oracle     |

 |   | PostgreSQL |

 |   | Redis      |

 +----+------------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 (zlm@192.168.1.101 )[(none)]>insert into t1 values(,'MongoDB');

 Query OK,  row affected (0.01 sec)

 (zlm@192.168.1.101 )[(none)]>select * from t1;

 +----+------------+

 | id | name       |

 +----+------------+

 |   | MySQL      |

 |   | Oracle     |

 |   | PostgreSQL |

 |   | Redis      |

 |   | MongoDB    |

 +----+------------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 //Check the stats we've catched in "stats_mysql_query_digest" table of "stats" database of ProxySQL.

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[main]>use stats;

 Reading table information for completion of table and column names

 You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

 Database changed

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[stats]>show tables; //Notice,if you don't specify "from xxx",it will show tables of "main" database.

 +--------------------------------------------+

 | tables                                     |

 +--------------------------------------------+

 | global_variables                           |

 | mysql_collations                           |

 | mysql_group_replication_hostgroups         |

 | mysql_query_rules                          |

 | mysql_query_rules_fast_routing             |

 | mysql_replication_hostgroups               |

 | mysql_servers                              |

 | mysql_users                                |

 | proxysql_servers                           |

 | runtime_checksums_values                   |

 | runtime_global_variables                   |

 | runtime_mysql_group_replication_hostgroups |

 | runtime_mysql_query_rules                  |

 | runtime_mysql_query_rules_fast_routing     |

 | runtime_mysql_replication_hostgroups       |

 | runtime_mysql_servers                      |

 | runtime_mysql_users                        |

 | runtime_proxysql_servers                   |

 | runtime_scheduler                          |

 | scheduler                                  |

 +--------------------------------------------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[stats]>show tables from stats; //Speicify the target database to be "stats".

 +--------------------------------------+

 | tables                               |

 +--------------------------------------+

 | global_variables                     |

 | stats_memory_metrics                 |

 | stats_mysql_commands_counters        |

 | stats_mysql_connection_pool          |

 | stats_mysql_connection_pool_reset    |

 | stats_mysql_global                   |

 | stats_mysql_prepared_statements_info |

 | stats_mysql_processlist              |

 | stats_mysql_query_digest             |

 | stats_mysql_query_digest_reset       |

 | stats_mysql_query_rules              |

 | stats_mysql_users                    |

 | stats_proxysql_servers_checksums     |

 | stats_proxysql_servers_metrics       |

 | stats_proxysql_servers_status        |

 +--------------------------------------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[stats]>select hostgroup,schemaname,username,substr(digest_text,,-),count_star from stats_mysql_query_digest;

 +-----------+------------+----------+----------------------------------+------------+

 | hostgroup | schemaname | username | substr(digest_text,,-)     | count_star |

 +-----------+------------+----------+----------------------------------+------------+

 |         | zlm        | zlm      | select * from t1                 |           |

 |         | zlm        | zlm      | insert into t1 values(?,?)       |           |

 |         | zlm        | zlm      | select USER()                    |           |

 |         | zlm        | zlm      | show tables                      |           |

 |         | zlm        | zlm      | select @@version_comment limit ? |           |

 +-----------+------------+----------+----------------------------------+------------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 //It's due to I've set "default_hostgroup" with "20".Actually it should be set with "10" of writer_hostgroup.

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[stats]>select * from mysql_users;

 +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

 | username | password | active | use_ssl | default_hostgroup | default_schema | schema_locked | transaction_persistent | fast_forward | backend | frontend | max_connections |

 +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

 | zlm      | zlmzlm   |       |        |                 | zlm            |              |                       |             |        |         |            |

 +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

  row in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[stats]>update mysql_users set default_hostgroup=;

 Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[stats]>select * from mysql_users;

 +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

 | username | password | active | use_ssl | default_hostgroup | default_schema | schema_locked | transaction_persistent | fast_forward | backend | frontend | max_connections |

 +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

 | zlm      | zlmzlm   |       |        |                 | zlm            |              |                       |             |        |         |            |

 +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

  row in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[stats]>load mysql users to runtime;save mysql users to disk;

 Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)

 Query OK,  rows affected (0.05 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[stats]>select  * from runtime_mysql_users;

 +----------+-------------------------------------------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

 | username | password                                  | active | use_ssl | default_hostgroup | default_schema | schema_locked | transaction_persistent | fast_forward | backend | frontend | max_connections |

 +----------+-------------------------------------------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

 | zlm      | *512FB3FAA6F522E351929CAC70AD8EBB0F5901B6 |       |        |                 | zlm            |              |                       |             |        |         |            |

 | zlm      | *512FB3FAA6F522E351929CAC70AD8EBB0F5901B6 |       |        |                 | zlm            |              |                       |             |        |         |            |

 +----------+-------------------------------------------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[stats]>select  * from disk.mysql_users;

 +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

 | username | password | active | use_ssl | default_hostgroup | default_schema | schema_locked | transaction_persistent | fast_forward | backend | frontend | max_connections |

 +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

 | zlm      | zlmzlm   |       |        |                 | zlm            |              |                       |             |        |         |            |

 +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+

  row in set (0.00 sec)

 //Clear the statistic data of table "stats_mysql_query_digest".

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[stats]>select * from stats_mysql_query_digest_reset;

 +-----------+------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------------------+------------+------------+------------+----------+----------+----------+

 | hostgroup | schemaname | username | digest             | digest_text                      | count_star | first_seen | last_seen  | sum_time | min_time | max_time |

 +-----------+------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------------------+------------+------------+------------+----------+----------+----------+

 |         | zlm        | zlm      | 0x3765930C7143F468 | select * from t1                 |           |  |  |       |       |       |

 |         | zlm        | zlm      | 0x3CE4C46484576DFD | insert into t1 values(?,?)       |           |  |  |     |     |     |

 |         | zlm        | zlm      | 0x594F2C744B698066 | select USER()                    |           |  |  |         |         |         |

 |         | zlm        | zlm      | 0x99531AEFF718C501 | show tables                      |           |  |  |      |      |      |

 |         | zlm        | zlm      | 0x226CD90D52A2BA0B | select @@version_comment limit ? |           |  |  |         |         |         |

 +-----------+------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------------------+------------+------------+------------+----------+----------+----------+

  rows in set (0.01 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[stats]>select * from stats_mysql_query_digest;

 Empty set (0.00 sec)

 //Do the dml operations again.

 (zlm@192.168.1.101 )[(none)]>show tables;

 +---------------+

 | Tables_in_zlm |

 +---------------+

 | t1            |

 | t2            |

 +---------------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 (zlm@192.168.1.101 )[(none)]>select * from t2;

 +----+------------+

 | id | name       |

 +----+------------+

 |   | MySQL      |

 |   | Oracle     |

 |   | SQL Server |

 |   | Redis      |

 |   | MongoDB    |

 |   | PostgreSQL |

 +----+------------+

  rows in set (0.01 sec)

 (zlm@192.168.1.101 )[(none)]>insert into t2 values(,'Hadoop');

 Query OK,  row affected (0.01 sec)

 //Check the diagnostic data in table "stats_mysql_query_digest" again.

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[stats]>select active,username,match_pattern,schemaname,destination_hostgroup,apply from mysql_query_rules;

 +--------+----------+---------------+------------+-----------------------+-------+

 | active | username | match_pattern | schemaname | destination_hostgroup | apply |

 +--------+----------+---------------+------------+-----------------------+-------+

 |       | zlm      | ^select       | zlm        |                     |      |

 +--------+----------+---------------+------------+-----------------------+-------+

  row in set (0.00 sec)

 (admin@127.0.0.1 )[stats]>select hostgroup,schemaname,username,substr(digest_text,,-),count_star from stats_mysql_query_digest;

 +-----------+------------+----------+------------------------------+------------+

 | hostgroup | schemaname | username | substr(digest_text,,-) | count_star |

 +-----------+------------+----------+------------------------------+------------+

 |         | zlm        | zlm      | insert into t2 values(?,?)   |           |

 |         | zlm        | zlm      | select * from t2             |           |

 |         | zlm        | zlm      | show tables                  |           |

 +-----------+------------+----------+------------------------------+------------+

  rows in set (0.00 sec)

 //It still doesn't take effect.What's wrong with it?

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