【原创】一层Nginx反向代理K8S化部署实践

目录：

1）背景介绍
2）方案分析
3）实现细节
4）监控告警
5）日志收集
6）测试

　　

一、背景介绍

    如下图所示，传统方式部署一层Nginx，随着业务扩大，维护管理变得复杂，繁琐，耗时耗力和易出错等问题。我们的Nginx是有按照业务来分组的，不同的业务使用不同分组的Nginx实例区分开。通过nginx.conf中include不同分组的配置文件来实现。

    如果有一种方式可以简化Nginx的部署，扩缩容的管理。日常只需关注nginx的配置文件发布上线即可。当前最受欢迎的管理模式莫过于容器化部署，而nginx本身也是无状态服务，非常适合这样的场景。于是，通过一个多月的设计，实践，测试。最终实现了Nginx的“上云”。

二、方案分析

1）架构图如下所示：

2）整体流程：
    在发布机（nginx003）上的对应目录修改配置后，推送最新配置到gitlab仓库，我们会有一个reloader的
    容器，每10s 拉取gitlab仓库到本地pod，pod中会根据nginx.conf文件include的
    对象 /usr/local/nginx/conf-configmap/中是否有include该分组来判断是否进行reload 。

三、实现细节

    在K8S上部署Nginx实例，由于Nginx是有分组管理的。所以我们使用一个Deployment对应一个分组，Deployment的yaml声明文件除了名称和引用的include文件不一样之外，其他的配置都是一样的。 一个Deployment根据分组的业务负载了来设定replicas数量，每个pod由四个容器组成。包括：1个initContainer容器init-reloader和3个业务容器nginx，reloader和nginx-exporter。下面，我们着重分析每个容器实现的功能。

1）init-reloader容器
    这个容器是一个initContainer容器，是做一些初始化的工作。

1.1）镜像：

# cat Dockerfile
FROM fulcrum/ssh-git:latest

COPY init-start.sh /init-start.sh
COPY start.sh /start.sh
COPY Dockerfile /Dockerfile
RUN apk add --no-cache tzdata ca-certificates libc6-compat inotify-tools bc bash && echo 'hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4' >> /etc/nsswitch.conf && ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && echo "Asia/Shanghai" >> /etc/timezone

　　      1.2）执行init-start.sh脚本

功能：
（1）从仓库拉取最新配置并cp 至/usr/local/nginx/conf.d/目录
（2）创建代理缓存相关的目录/data/proxy_cache_path/
（3）在/usr/local/nginx/conf/servers/下创建对应的对应的conf 文件记录后端服务 realserver:port

　2）nginx-exporter容器

    该容器是实现对接prometheus监控nginx的exporter

2.1）镜像：

# cat Dockerfile
FROM busybox:1.28

COPY nginx_exporter /nginx_exporter/nginx_exporter
COPY start.sh /start.sh
ENV start_cmd="/nginx_exporter/nginx_exporter -nginx.scrape-uri http://127.0.0.1:80/ngx_status"

　　

    2.2）执行start.sh脚本

功能
（1） num=$(netstat -anlp | grep -w 80 | grep nginx | grep LISTEN | wc -l)
（2） /nginx_exporter/nginx_exporter -nginx.scrape-uri http://127.0.0.1:80/ngx_status

　　

3）nginx容器
    该容器是openresty实例的业务容器

3.1）镜像

FROM centos:7.3.1611

COPY Dockerfile /dockerfile/
#COPY sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf
USER root
RUN yum install -y logrotate cronie initscripts bc wget git && yum clean all
ADD nginx /etc/logrotate.d/nginx
ADD root /var/spool/cron/root
ADD kill_shutting_down.sh /kill_shutting_down.sh
ADD etc-init.d-nginx /etc-init.d-nginx
COPY openresty.zip /usr/local/openresty.zip
COPY start.sh /start.sh
COPY reloader-start.sh /reloader-start.sh
RUN chmod +x /start.sh /kill_shutting_down.sh reloader-start.sh && unzip /usr/local/openresty.zip -d /usr/local/ && cd /usr/local/openresty && echo "y" | bash install.sh && rm -rf /usr/local/openresty /var/cache/yum && localedef -c -f UTF-8 -i zh_CN zh_CN.utf8 && mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/conf/servers && chmod -R 777 /usr/local/nginx/conf/servers && cp -f /etc-init.d-nginx /etc/init.d/nginx && chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx

ENTRYPOINT ["/start.sh"]

　　

3.2）执行start.sh脚本

功能：
（1）启动crond定时任务实现日志轮转
（2）判断目录(/usr/local/nginx/conf.d) 不为空，启动nginx

　　    

4）reloader容器
    改容器是实现发布流程逻辑的辅助容器
    4.1）镜像和nginx容器一样

4.2）执行reloader-start.sh脚本

功能：
（1）get_reload_flag函数
       通过对比/gitrepo/diff.files 文件 改变的文件名和/usr/local/nginx/conf-configmap/中 是否include 此文件名发生改变的分组 来判断是否需要reload （flag=1 则reload）

（2）check_mem函数
       判断内存少于30% 返回1

（3）kill_shutting_down函数
       先执行内存剩余量判断，如果小于30%，杀掉shutdown 进程

（4）nginx_force_reload函数（只会进行reload）
       kill -HUP ${nginxpid}

（5）reload函数
     （5.1） 首先将仓库中的配置文件cp至/usr/local/nginx/conf.d ；
     （5.2） /usr/local/nginx/conf.d不为空时
            创建proxy_cache_path 目录---/usr/local/nginx/conf/servers/文件--- nginx -t ---kill_shutting_down -----nginx_force_reload

  总结整体实现流程如下 ：
    1）拉取仓库pull 重命名旧的commit id 文件（/gitrepo/local_current_commit_id.old），并生成获取新的commit id（/gitrepo/local_current_commit_id.new）；
    2）通过对比old和new commit id 获得发生了变更文件到/gitrepo/diff.files ；
    3）然后调用 et_reload_flag 判断改组nginx是否需要reload
    4）如果/gitrepo/diff.files中有“nginx_force_reload” 字段 然后kill_shutting_down -- nginx_force_reload

　　

5）Deployment的实现

通过实现以上容器的功能后，打包成镜像用于部署。以下是Deployment的yaml详细内容：

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    app: slb-nginx-group01
  name: slb-nginx-group01
  namespace: slb-nginx
spec:
  replicas: 3  // 3个副本数，即：3个pod
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: slb-nginx-group01
  strategy:  // 滚动更新的策略，
    rollingUpdate:
      maxSurge: 25%
      maxUnavailable: 1
    type: RollingUpdate
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: slb-nginx-group01
        exporter: nginx
      annotations:  // 注解，实现和prometheus的对接
        prometheus.io/path: /metrics
        prometheus.io/port: "9113"
        prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
    spec:
      nodeSelector:  // 节点label选择
        app: slb-nginx-label-group01
      tolerations:  // 容忍度设置
      - key: "node-type"
        operator: "Equal"
        value: "slb-nginx-label-group01"
        effect: "NoExecute"
      affinity:  // pod的反亲和性，尽量部署到阿里云不同的可用区
        podAntiAffinity:
          preferredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
          - weight: 100
            podAffinityTerm:
              labelSelector:
                matchExpressions:
                - key: app
                  operator: In
                  values:
                  - slb-nginx-group01
              topologyKey: "failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/zone"
      shareProcessNamespace: true   // 容器间进程空间共享
      hostAliases:  // 设置hosts
      - ip: "xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx"
        hostnames:
        - "www.test.com"
      initContainers:
      - image: www.test.com/library/reloader:v0.0.1
        name: init-reloader
        command: ["/bin/sh"]
        args: ["/init-start.sh"]
        env:
        - name: nginx_git_repo_address
          value: "git@www.test.com:psd/nginx-conf.git"
        volumeMounts:
          - name: code-id-rsa
            mountPath: /root/.ssh/code_id_rsa
            subPath: code_id_rsa
          - name: nginx-shared-confd
            mountPath: /usr/local/nginx/conf.d/
          - name: nginx-gitrepo
            mountPath: /gitrepo/
      containers:
      - image: www.test.com/library/nginx-exporter:v0.4.2
        name: nginx-exporter
        command: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "/start.sh"]
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 50m
            memory: 50Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 50m
            memory: 50Mi
        volumeMounts:
          - name: time-zone
            mountPath: /etc/localtime
        terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
        terminationMessagePolicy: File
      - image: www.test.com/library/openresty:1.13.6
        name: nginx
        command: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "/start.sh"]
        lifecycle:
          preStop:
            exec:
              command:
              - sh
              - -c
              - sleep 10
        livenessProbe:
          failureThreshold: 3
          initialDelaySeconds: 90
          periodSeconds: 3
          successThreshold: 1
          httpGet:
            path: /healthz
            port: 8999
          timeoutSeconds: 4
        readinessProbe:
          failureThreshold: 3
          initialDelaySeconds: 4
          periodSeconds: 3
          successThreshold: 1
          tcpSocket:
            port: 80
          timeoutSeconds: 4
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 8
            memory: 8192Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 2
            memory: 8192Mi
        terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
        terminationMessagePolicy: File
        volumeMounts:
          - name: nginx-start-shell
            mountPath: /start.sh
            subPath: start.sh
            readOnly: true
          - name: conf-include
            mountPath: /usr/local/nginx/conf-configmap/
          - name: nginx-shared-confd
            mountPath: /usr/local/nginx/conf.d/
          - name: nginx-logs
            mountPath: /data/log/nginx/
          - name: data-nfs-webroot
            mountPath: /data_nfs/WebRoot
          - name: data-nfs-httpd
            mountPath: /data_nfs/httpd
          - name: data-nfs-crashdump
            mountPath: /data_nfs/crashdump
          - name: data-cdn
            mountPath: /data_cdn
      - image: www.test.com/library/openresty:1.13.6
        name: reloader
        command: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "/reloader-start.sh"]
        env:
        - name: nginx_git_repo_address
          value: "git@www.test.com:psd/nginx-conf.git"
        - name: MY_MEM_LIMIT
          valueFrom:
            resourceFieldRef:
              containerName: nginx
              resource: limits.memory
        securityContext:
          capabilities:
            add:
            - SYS_PTRACE
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 550Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 150Mi
        terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
        terminationMessagePolicy: File
        volumeMounts:
          - name: code-id-rsa
            mountPath: /root/.ssh/code_id_rsa
            subPath: code_id_rsa
            readOnly: true
          - name: reloader-start-shell
            mountPath: /reloader-start.sh
            subPath: reloader-start.sh
            readOnly: true
          - name: conf-include
            mountPath: /usr/local/nginx/conf-configmap/
          - name: nginx-shared-confd
            mountPath: /usr/local/nginx/conf.d/
          - name: nginx-gitrepo
            mountPath: /gitrepo/
      volumes:
        - name: code-id-rsa
          configMap:
            name: code-id-rsa
            defaultMode: 0600
        - name: nginx-start-shell
          configMap:
            name: nginx-start-shell
            defaultMode: 0755
        - name: reloader-start-shell
          configMap:
            name: reloader-start-shell
            defaultMode: 0755
        - name: conf-include
          configMap:
            name: stark-conf-include
        - name: nginx-shared-confd
          emptyDir: {}
        - name: nginx-gitrepo
          emptyDir: {}
        - name: nginx-logs
          emptyDir: {}
        - name: time-zone
          hostPath:
            path: /etc/localtime
        - name: data-nfs-webroot
          nfs:
            server: xxx.nas.aliyuncs.com
            path: "/WebRoot"
        - name: data-nfs-httpd
          nfs:
            server: xxx.nas.aliyuncs.com
            path: "/httpd"
        - name: data-nfs-crashdump
          nfs:
            server: xxx.nas.aliyuncs.com
            path: "/crashdump"
        - name: data-cdn
          persistentVolumeClaim:
            claimName: oss-pvc

　　    如上所示，deployment的关键配置有：nodeSelector，tolerations，pod反亲和性affinity，shareProcessNamespace，资源限制（是否超卖），容器实名周期lifecycle，存活探针livenessProbe，就绪探针readinessProbe，安全上下文授权securityContext和存储挂载（NFS，OSS，emptyDir和configmap的挂载）。

 

6）对接阿里云SLB的service声明文件：

# cat external-group01-svc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  annotations:
    service.beta.kubernetes.io/alibaba-cloud-loadbalancer-id: "xxx"
    #service.beta.kubernetes.io/alibaba-cloud-loadbalancer-force-override-listeners: "true"
    service.beta.kubernetes.io/alibaba-cloud-loadbalancer-scheduler: "wrr"
    service.beta.kubernetes.io/alibaba-cloud-loadbalancer-remove-unscheduled-backend: "on"
  name: external-grou01-svc
  namespace: slb-nginx
spec:
  externalTrafficPolicy: Local
  ports:
  - port: 80
    name: http
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 80
  - port: 443
    name: https
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 443
  selector:
    app: slb-nginx-group01
  type: LoadBalancer

# cat inner-group01-svc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  annotations:
    service.beta.kubernetes.io/alibaba-cloud-loadbalancer-id: "xxx"
    service.beta.kubernetes.io/alibaba-cloud-loadbalancer-scheduler: "wrr"
    service.beta.kubernetes.io/alibaba-cloud-loadbalancer-remove-unscheduled-backend: "on"
  name: inner-stark-svc
  namespace: slb-nginx
spec:
  externalTrafficPolicy: Local
  ports:
  - port: 80
    name: http
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 80
  - port: 443
    name: https
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 443
  selector:
    app: slb-nginx-group01
  type: LoadBalancer

　　

    如上所示，对接阿里云SLB分别创建内网外的service。通过注解指定使用的负载均衡算法，指定的SLB，以及是否覆盖已有监听。externalTrafficPolicy参数指定SLB的后端列表只有部署了pod的宿主机。部署后可在阿里云SLB控制台查看负载情况。

四、监控告警

在集群中以prometheus-operator方式部署监控系统，配置监控有两种方式。分别如下：

1）第一种：创建service和ServiceMonitor来实现：

// 创建service
# cat slb-nginx-exporter-svc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: slb-nginx-exporter-svc
  labels:
    app: slb-nginx-exporter-svc
  namespace: slb-nginx
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
    - name: exporter
      port: 9113
      targetPort: 9113
  selector:
    exporter: nginx  // 这里的selector对应depolyment中的label

// 创建ServiceMonitor
# cat nginx-exporter-serviceMonitor.yaml
apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: ServiceMonitor
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: nginx-exporter
  name: nginx-exporter
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: slb-nginx-exporter-svc  //这里的选择的label和service对应
  namespaceSelector:
    matchNames:
    - slb-nginx
  endpoints:
  - interval: 3s
    port: "exporter"  //这里port的名称也需要和service对应
    scheme: http
    path: '/metrics'
  jobLabel: k8s-nginx-exporter

#创建完这两个资源后，prometheus会自动添加生效以下配置：
# kubectl -n monitoring exec -ti  prometheus-k8s-0 -c prometheus -- cat /etc/prometheus/config_out/prometheus.env.yaml
...
scrape_configs:
- job_name: monitoring/nginx-exporter/0
  honor_labels: false
  kubernetes_sd_configs:
  - role: endpoints
    namespaces:
      names:
      - slb-nginx
  scrape_interval: 3s
  metrics_path: /metrics
  scheme: http
  relabel_configs:
  - action: keep
    source_labels:
    - __meta_kubernetes_service_label_app
    regex: slb-nginx-exporter-svc
  - action: keep
    source_labels:
    - __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name
    regex: exporter
  - source_labels:
    - __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_address_target_kind
    - __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_address_target_name
    separator: ;
    regex: Node;(.*)
    replacement: ${1}
    target_label: node
  - source_labels:
    - __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_address_target_kind
    - __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_address_target_name
    separator: ;
    regex: Pod;(.*)
    replacement: ${1}
    target_label: pod
  - source_labels:
    - __meta_kubernetes_namespace
    target_label: namespace
  - source_labels:
    - __meta_kubernetes_service_name
    target_label: service
  - source_labels:
    - __meta_kubernetes_pod_name
    target_label: pod
  - source_labels:
    - __meta_kubernetes_service_name
    target_label: job
    replacement: ${1}
  - source_labels:
    - __meta_kubernetes_service_label_k8s_nginx_exporter
    target_label: job
    regex: (.+)
    replacement: ${1}
  - target_label: endpoint
    replacement: exporter
...

　　        这样，监控数据就被采集到prometheus中了。可以配置对应的告警规则了。如下：

2）第二种：直接在prometheus添加对应的配置来实现：

// 在deployment中添加如下pod的annotation
annotations:
  prometheus.io/path: /metrics
  prometheus.io/port: "9113"
  prometheus.io/scrape: "true"

// 添加role：pods的配置，prometheus会自动去采集数据
- job_name: 'slb-nginx-pods'
  honor_labels: false
  kubernetes_sd_configs:
  - role: pod
  tls_config:
    insecure_skip_verify: true
  relabel_configs:
  - target_label: dc
    replacement: guangzhou
  - target_label: cluster
    replacement: guangzhou-test2
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape] // 以下三个参数和annotation想对应
    action: keep
    regex: true
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
    action: replace
    target_label: __metrics_path__
    regex: (.+)
  - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
    action: replace
    regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
    replacement: $1:$2
    target_label: __address__
  - action: labelmap
    regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_namespace
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_pod_name

// 添加告警规则
# cat slb-nginx-pods.rules
groups:
- name: "内网一层Nginx pods监控"
  rules:
  - alert: 内网Nginx pods 实例down
    expr: nginx_up{dc="guangzhou",namespace="slb-nginx"} == 0
    for: 5s
    labels:
      severity: 0
      key: "nginx-k8s"
    annotations:
      description: "5秒钟内一层Nginx {{ $labels.instance }} 发生宕机."
      summary: "内网k8s1.18集群{{ $labels.namespace }} 名称空间下的pod: {{ $labels.pod }} down"
      hint: "登录内网k8s1.18集群查看{{ $labels.namespace }} 名称空间下的pod: {{ $labels.pod }} 是否正常。或者联系k8s管理员进行处理。"

　　

测试告警如下：

五、日志收集

    日志收集通过在K8S集群中部署DaemonSet实现收集每个节点上的Nginx和容器日志。这里使用Filebeat做收集，然后发送到Kafka集群，再由Logstash从Kafka中读取日志过滤后发送到ES集群。最后通过Kibana查看日志。

    流程如下：

Filebeat --> Kafka --> Logstash --> ES --> Kibana

1）部署

    Filebeat的DaemonSet部署yaml内容：

# cat filebeat.yml
filebeat.inputs:
  - type: container
    #enabled: true
    #ignore_older: 1h
    paths:
      - /var/log/containers/slb-nginx-*.log
    fields:
      nodeIp: ${_node_ip_}
      kafkaTopic: 'log-collect-filebeat'
    fields_under_root: true
    processors:
      - add_kubernetes_metadata:
          host: ${_node_name_}
          default_indexers.enabled: false
          default_matchers.enabled: false
          indexers:
            - container:
          matchers:
            - logs_path:
                logs_path: '/var/log/containers'
                resource_type: 'container'
          include_annotations: ['DISABLE_STDOUT_LOG_COLLECT']
      - rename:
          fields:
            - from: "kubernetes.pod.ip"
              to: "containerIp"
            - from: "host.name"
              to: "nodeName"
            - from: "kubernetes.pod.name"
              to: "podName"
          ignore_missing: true
          fail_on_error: true

  - type: log
    paths:
      - "/var/lib/kubelet/pods/*/volumes/kubernetes.io~empty-dir/nginx-logs/*access.log"
    fields:
      nodeIp: ${_node_ip_}
      kafkaTopic: 'nginx-access-log-filebeat'
      topic: 'slb-nginx-filebeat'
    fields_under_root: true

processors:
  - drop_fields:
      fields: ["ecs", "agent", "input", "host", "kubernetes", "log"]

output.kafka:
  hosts: ["kafka-svc.kafka.svc.cluster.local:9092"]
  topic: '%{[kafkaTopic]}'
  required_acks: 1
  compression: gzip
  max_message_bytes: 1000000

filebeat.config:
  inputs:
    enabled: true

# cat filebeat-ds.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: filebeat
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: filebeat
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: filebeat
    namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  generation: 1
  labels:
    k8s-app: slb-nginx-filebeat
  name: slb-nginx-filebeat
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: slb-nginx-filebeat
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: slb-nginx-filebeat
    spec:
      nodeSelector:
        app: slb-nginx-guangzhou
      serviceAccount: filebeat
      serviceAccountName: filebeat
      containers:
      - args:
        - -c
        - /etc/filebeat/filebeat.yml
        - -e
        env:
        - name: _node_name_
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              apiVersion: v1
              fieldPath: spec.nodeName
        - name: _node_ip_
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              apiVersion: v1
              fieldPath: status.hostIP
        image: www.test.com/library/filebeat:7.6.1
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        name: slb-nginx-filebeat
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 200Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
        securityContext:
          procMount: Default
          runAsUser: 0
        terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
        terminationMessagePolicy: File
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /etc/filebeat
          name: filebeat-config
          readOnly: true
        - mountPath: /var/lib/kubelet/pods
          name: kubeletpods
          readOnly: true
        - mountPath: /var/log/containers
          name: containerslogs
          readOnly: true
        - mountPath: /var/log/pods
          name: pods-logs
          readOnly: true
        - mountPath: /var/lib/docker/containers
          name: docker-logs
          readOnly: true
      dnsPolicy: ClusterFirstWithHostNet
      hostNetwork: true
      restartPolicy: Always
      volumes:
      - configMap:
          defaultMode: 384
          name: slb-nginx-filebeat-ds-config
        name: filebeat-config
      - hostPath:
          path: /var/lib/kubelet/pods
          type: ""
        name: kubeletpods
      - hostPath:
          path: /var/log/containers
          type: ""
        name: containerslogs
      - hostPath:
          path: /var/log/pods
          type: ""
        name: pods-logs
      - hostPath:
          path: /var/lib/docker/containers
          type: ""
        name: docker-logs
  updateStrategy:
    rollingUpdate:
      maxUnavailable: 1
    type: RollingUpdate

　　

2）查看日志：

六、测试

    测试逻辑功能和pod的健壮性。发布nginx的逻辑验证；修改nginx配置文件和执行nginx -t，nginx -s reload等功能；pod杀死后自动恢复；扩缩容功能等等。如下是发布流程的日志：

    可以看到，Nginx发布时，会显示更新的配置文件，并做语法检测，然后判断内存大小是否要做内存回收，最后执行reload。如果更新的不是自己分组的配置文件则不会执行reload。

总结：

    最后，经过一个月的时间我们实现一层Nginx的容器化的迁移。实现了更加自动化和简便的Nginx的管理方式。同时，也更加熟悉对K8S的使用。在此分享记录，让大家对迁移传统应用到K8S等容器化平台做个参考。如果会开发，当然要拥抱Operator这样的好东西。