吴裕雄--天生自然python编程：实例(2)

list1 = [10, 20, 4, 45, 99]

list1.sort()

print("最小元素为:", *list1[:1])

list1 = [10, 20, 1, 45, 99]

print("最小元素为:", min(list1))

list1 = [10, 20, 4, 45, 99]

list1.sort()

print("最大元素为:", list1[-1])

list1 = [10, 20, 1, 45, 99]

print("最大元素为:", max(list1))

test_str = "Runoob"

# 输出原始字符串

print ("原始字符串为 : " + test_str)

# 移除第三个字符 n

new_str = ""

for i in range(0, len(test_str)):

    if i != 2:

        new_str = new_str + test_str[i]

print ("字符串移除后为 : " + new_str)

def check(string, sub_str):

    if (string.find(sub_str) == -1):

        print("不存在！")

    else:

        print("存在！") 

string = "www.runoob.com"

sub_str ="runoob"

check(string, sub_str)

str = "runoob"

print(len(str))

def findLen(str):

    counter = 0

    while str[counter:]:

        counter += 1

    return counter 

str = "runoob"

print(findLen(str))

import re 

def Find(string):

    # findall() 查找匹配正则表达式的字符串

    url = re.findall('https?://(?:[-\w.]|(?:%[\da-fA-F]{2}))+', string)

    return url 

string = 'Runoob 的网页地址为：https://www.runoob.com，Google 的网页地址为：https://www.google.com'

print("Urls: ", Find(string))

def exec_code():

    LOC = """

def factorial(num):

    fact=1

    for i in range(1,num+1):

        fact = fact*i

    return fact

print(factorial(5))

"""

    exec(LOC) 

exec_code()

str='Runoob'

print(str[::-1])

str='Runoob'

print(''.join(reversed(str)))

def rotate(input,d):

    Lfirst = input[0 : d]

    Lsecond = input[d :]

    Rfirst = input[0 : len(input)-d]

    Rsecond = input[len(input)-d : ]

    print( "头部切片翻转 : ", (Lsecond + Lfirst) )

    print( "尾部切片翻转 : ", (Rsecond + Rfirst) )

if __name__ == "__main__":

    input = 'Runoob'

    d=2  # 截取两个字符

    rotate(input,d)

def dictionairy():

    # 声明字典

    key_value ={}     

    # 初始化

    key_value[2] = 56

    key_value[1] = 2

    key_value[5] = 12

    key_value[4] = 24

    key_value[6] = 18

    key_value[3] = 323

    print ("按键(key)排序:")

    # sorted(key_value) 返回一个迭代器

    # 字典按键排序

    for i in sorted (key_value) :

        print ((i, key_value[i]), end =" ") 

def main():

    # 调用函数

    dictionairy()              

# 主函数

if __name__=="__main__":

    main()

def dictionairy():

    # 声明字典

    key_value ={}

    # 初始化

    key_value[2] = 56

    key_value[1] = 2

    key_value[5] = 12

    key_value[4] = 24

    key_value[6] = 18

    key_value[3] = 323

    print ("按值(value)排序:")

    print(sorted(key_value.items(), key = lambda kv:(kv[1], kv[0])))     

def main():

    dictionairy()             

if __name__=="__main__":

    main()

lis = [{ "name" : "Taobao", "age" : 100},

{ "name" : "Runoob", "age" : 7 },

{ "name" : "Google", "age" : 100 },

{ "name" : "Wiki" , "age" : 200 }] 

# 通过 age 升序排序

print ("列表通过 age 升序排序: ")

print (sorted(lis, key = lambda i: i['age']) )

print ("\r") 

# 先按 age 排序，再按 name 排序

print ("列表通过 age 和 name 排序: ")

print (sorted(lis, key = lambda i: (i['age'], i['name'])) )

print ("\r") 

# 按 age 降序排序

print ("列表通过 age 降序排序: ")

print (sorted(lis, key = lambda i: i['age'],reverse=True) )

def returnSum(myDict):

    sum = 0

    for i in myDict:

        sum = sum + myDict[i]

    return sum

dict = {'a': 100, 'b':200, 'c':300}

print("Sum :", returnSum(dict))

test_dict = {"Runoob" : 1, "Google" : 2, "Taobao" : 3, "Zhihu" : 4} 

# 输出原始的字典

print ("字典移除前 : " + str(test_dict)) 

# 使用 del 移除 Zhihu

del test_dict['Zhihu'] 

# 输出移除后的字典

print ("字典移除后 : " + str(test_dict)) 

# 移除没有的 key 会报错

#del test_dict['Baidu']

test_dict = {"Runoob" : 1, "Google" : 2, "Taobao" : 3, "Zhihu" : 4} 

# 输出原始的字典

print ("字典移除前 : ")

print(test_dict)

# 使用 del 移除 Zhihu

del test_dict['Zhihu'] 

# 移除没有的 key 会报错

#del test_dict['Baidu']

def Merge(dict1, dict2):

    return(dict2.update(dict1)) 

# 两个字典

dict1 = {'a': 10, 'b': 8}

dict2 = {'d': 6, 'c': 4} 

# 返回  None

print(Merge(dict1, dict2)) 

# dict2 合并了 dict1

print(dict2)

def Merge(dict1, dict2):

    res = {**dict1, **dict2}

    return res 

# 两个字典

dict1 = {'a': 10, 'b': 8}

dict2 = {'d': 6, 'c': 4}

dict3 = Merge(dict1, dict2)

print(dict3)

import time

a1 = "2019-5-10 23:40:00"

# 先转换为时间数组

timeArray = time.strptime(a1, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

# 转换为时间戳

timeStamp = int(time.mktime(timeArray))

print(timeStamp)

# 格式转换 - 转为 /

a2 = "2019/5/10 23:40:00"

# 先转换为时间数组,然后转换为其他格式

timeArray = time.strptime(a2, "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")

otherStyleTime = time.strftime("%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S", timeArray)

print(otherStyleTime)

import time

import datetime

# 先获得时间数组格式的日期

threeDayAgo = (datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(days = 3))

# 转换为时间戳

timeStamp = int(time.mktime(threeDayAgo.timetuple()))

# 转换为其他字符串格式

otherStyleTime = threeDayAgo.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

print(otherStyleTime)

import time

import datetime

#给定时间戳

timeStamp = 1557502800

dateArray = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(timeStamp)

threeDayAgo = dateArray - datetime.timedelta(days = 3)

print(threeDayAgo)

import time

# 获得当前时间时间戳

now = int(time.time())

#转换为其他日期格式,如:"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"

timeArray = time.localtime(now)

otherStyleTime = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", timeArray)

print(otherStyleTime)

import datetime

# 获得当前时间

now = datetime.datetime.now()

# 转换为指定的格式

otherStyleTime = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

print(otherStyleTime)

import time

timeStamp = 1557502800

timeArray = time.localtime(timeStamp)

otherStyleTime = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", timeArray)

print(otherStyleTime)

import datetime

timeStamp = 1557502800

dateArray = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(timeStamp)

otherStyleTime = dateArray.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

print(otherStyleTime)

name = "RUNOOB"

# 接收用户输入

# name = input("输入你的名字: \n\n") 

lngth = len(name)

l = "" 

for x in range(0, lngth):

    c = name[x]

    c = c.upper() 

    if (c == "A"):

        print("..######..\n..#....#..\n..######..", end = " ")

        print("\n..#....#..\n..#....#..\n\n") 

    elif (c == "B"):

        print("..######..\n..#....#..\n..#####...", end = " ")

        print("\n..#....#..\n..######..\n\n") 

    elif (c == "C"):

        print("..######..\n..#.......\n..#.......", end = " ")

        print("\n..#.......\n..######..\n\n") 

    elif (c == "D"):

        print("..#####...\n..#....#..\n..#....#..", end = " ")

        print("\n..#....#..\n..#####...\n\n") 

    elif (c == "E"):

        print("..######..\n..#.......\n..#####...", end = " ")

        print("\n..#.......\n..######..\n\n") 

    elif (c == "F"):

        print("..######..\n..#.......\n..#####...", end = " ")

        print("\n..#.......\n..#.......\n\n") 

    elif (c == "G"):

        print("..######..\n..#.......\n..#.####..", end = " ")

        print("\n..#....#..\n..#####...\n\n") 

    elif (c == "H"):

        print("..#....#..\n..#....#..\n..######..", end = " ")

        print("\n..#....#..\n..#....#..\n\n") 

    elif (c == "I"):

        print("..######..\n....##....\n....##....", end = " ")

        print("\n....##....\n..######..\n\n") 

    elif (c == "J"):

        print("..######..\n....##....\n....##....", end = " ")

        print("\n..#.##....\n..####....\n\n") 

    elif (c == "K"):

        print("..#...#...\n..#..#....\n..##......", end = " ")

        print("\n..#..#....\n..#...#...\n\n") 

    elif (c == "L"):

        print("..#.......\n..#.......\n..#.......", end = " ")

        print("\n..#.......\n..######..\n\n") 

    elif (c == "M"):

        print("..#....#..\n..##..##..\n..#.##.#..", end = " ")

        print("\n..#....#..\n..#....#..\n\n") 

    elif (c == "N"):

        print("..#....#..\n..##...#..\n..#.#..#..", end = " ")

        print("\n..#..#.#..\n..#...##..\n\n") 

    elif (c == "O"):

        print("..######..\n..#....#..\n..#....#..", end = " ")

        print("\n..#....#..\n..######..\n\n") 

    elif (c == "P"):

        print("..######..\n..#....#..\n..######..", end = " ")

        print("\n..#.......\n..#.......\n\n") 

    elif (c == "Q"):

        print("..######..\n..#....#..\n..#.#..#..", end = " ")

        print("\n..#..#.#..\n..######..\n\n") 

    elif (c == "R"):

        print("..######..\n..#....#..\n..#.##...", end = " ")

        print("\n..#...#...\n..#....#..\n\n") 

    elif (c == "S"):

        print("..######..\n..#.......\n..######..", end = " ")

        print("\n.......#..\n..######..\n\n") 

    elif (c == "T"):

        print("..######..\n....##....\n....##....", end = " ")

        print("\n....##....\n....##....\n\n") 

    elif (c == "U"):

        print("..#....#..\n..#....#..\n..#....#..", end = " ")

        print("\n..#....#..\n..######..\n\n") 

    elif (c == "V"):

        print("..#....#..\n..#....#..\n..#....#..", end = " ")

        print("\n...#..#...\n....##....\n\n") 

    elif (c == "W"):

        print("..#....#..\n..#....#..\n..#.##.#..", end = " ")

        print("\n..##..##..\n..#....#..\n\n") 

    elif (c == "X"):

        print("..#....#..\n...#..#...\n....##....", end = " ")

        print("\n...#..#...\n..#....#..\n\n") 

    elif (c == "Y"):

        print("..#....#..\n...#..#...\n....##....", end = " ")

        print("\n....##....\n....##....\n\n") 

    elif (c == "Z"):

        print("..######..\n......#...\n.....#....", end = " ")

        print("\n....#.....\n..######..\n\n") 

    elif (c == " "):

        print("..........\n..........\n..........", end = " ")

        print("\n..........\n\n") 

    elif (c == "."):

        print("----..----\n\n")

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