【Python之路】特别篇--抽屉新热榜
登陆与注册
注册功能:
流程: 填写用户名,邮箱,获取邮箱验证码,填入密码 单击<下一步>按钮,完成注册!
1.获取邮箱验证码(具体步骤分析):
1.利用ajax 往后台传入邮箱,
2.后台表单验证,邮箱填写是否正确,
=> 成功,则继续3,
=> 错误,写入错误信息,页面输出错误提示!
3.查询sendcode 数据库表,查询该邮箱是否是第一次发送验证码
=> 第一次发送: 数据表中插入记录 (邮箱,发送次数1,邮箱验证码,状态1,有效时间:当前时间-1小时)
=> 否则: 从数据表中查询出该邮箱验证码发送次数,
=> 如果 >5 则,再判断上次发送时间+1小时 是否大于当前时间!
=> 大于当前时间,则发送验证码,修改数据表记录 (发送次数+1,邮箱验证码,有效时间)
=> 小于当前时间,则为多次恶意发送,不操作,写入错误信息,需要等待1小时,
=> 如果<5 则直接发送验证码,修改数据表记录 (发送次数+1,邮箱验证码,有效时间)
4.json信息返回。
- import json
- import datetime
- from core.request_handle import BaseHandler
- # 公共方法
- from backend import commons,message
- # 数据库查询
- from models.sendcode import Insert,QueryCounts,Update
- from models.userinfo import InsertUser
- # 表单验证
- from forms.account import emailForm,registerForm
- class SendEmailCodeHandler(BaseHandler):
- def post(self):
- obj = emailForm()
- val, success_info, error_info = obj.check_value(self)
- if not error_info:
- email = [success_info['email']]
- now = datetime.datetime.now()
- que = QueryCounts()
- ret = que.checkstime(email)
- if ret:
- if ret['stime'] < 5:
- UpdateCode(email)
- else:
- if (ret['ctime'] + datetime.timedelta(hours=1)) > now :
- error_info['stime'] = '验证码发送次数过多,请1小时后再发送'
- else:
- UpdateCode(email)
- else:
- InsertCode(email)
- data = {'success_info': success_info, 'error_info': error_info}
- self.write(json.dumps(data))
- # 第一次发送code 数据表添加
- def InsertCode(email):
- code = commons.random_code() # 生成4位随机验证码(字母+数字)
- message.send_email(email, code)
- ins = Insert()
- ins.insertcode(email, code)
- print(email, code)
- # 多次发送, 数据表修改
- def UpdateCode(email):
- code = commons.random_code()
- message.send_email(email, code)
- update = Update()
- update.updatestime(email, code)
- print(email, code)
SendEmailCodeHandler
- import random
- import string
- def random_code():
- code = ''.join(random.sample(string.ascii_letters + string.digits, 4))
- return code
commons.py 公共方法:生成4位验证码
- //注册:生成邮箱验证码:
- $('#email-code').on('click',function () {
- var email = $('#re-email').val();
- $.ajax({
- url:'/email-code',
- type: 'POST',
- dataType: 'json',
- data:{'email':email},
- success: function(obj){
- if( isEmptyObject(obj['error_info']) ){
- $('.register-error').text('');
- $('.ac-code').addClass('hide');
- $('.ac-time').removeClass('hide');
- timechange();
- }
- $.each(obj['error_info'],function (k,v) {
- $('.register-error').text(v);
- return false;
- });
- }
- })
- });
前端JQ:发送验证码
2.验证码发送过程: 页面倒计时
原理:设计计时器,每1秒修改1次text值, 时间小于0时,取消计时器
- //邮箱验证码倒计时:
- function timechange() {
- var time = 60;
- var interval = setInterval(function () {
- if(time <= 0 ){
- $('.ac-time').addClass('hide');
- $('.ac-code').removeClass('hide');
- clearInterval(interval);
- }
- time = time - 1;
- var temp = "已发送("+time+"s)";
- $('.ac-time').text(temp)
- },1000)
- }
前端JQ:倒计时
3.帐号注册
1.JQ获取前台输入表单内容
2.ajax传输给后台,建立表单验证
=> 正确,继续3
=> 错误,返回错误信息,页面显示错误信息
3.数据库中查询用户邮箱是否存在
=> 不存在,插入数据库,继续4
=> 存在,返回错误信息,页面显示
4.注册账号完成,写入session,注册完成页面刷新实现自动登录
- //注册帐号
- $('#register-next').on('click',function () {
- registerUser();
- clearinput();
- });
- function registerUser(){
- var username= $('#re-username').val();
- var email = $('#re-email').val();
- var code = $('#re-code').val();
- var password = $('#re-password').val();
- $.ajax({
- url:'/register',
- type: 'POST',
- dataType: 'json',
- data:{'username':username,'email':email,'code':code,'password':password},
- success: function(obj){
- if( isEmptyObject(obj['error_info']) ){
- $('.register-error').text('');
- //跳转(隐藏输入页面):
- $('.login-block').addClass('hide');
- $('.register-info').removeClass('hide');
- }
- $.each(obj['error_info'],function (k,v) {
- $('.register-error').text(v);
- return false;
- });
- }
- })
- }
前端JQ:获取输入值
- class RegisterUserHandler(BaseHandler):
- def post(self):
- obj = registerForm()
- val, success_info, error_info = obj.check_value(self)
- print(val, success_info, error_info)
- if not error_info:
- ins = InsertUser()
- ins.inser(success_info['username'],success_info['password'],success_info['email'])
- self.session['is_login'] = 1
- self.session['username'] = success_info['username']
- data = {'success_info': success_info, 'error_info': error_info}
- self.write(json.dumps(data))
RegisterUserHandler
表单错误时,页面信息提示(效果图):
登录功能:
原理:与注册功能类似
1.图片验证码:点击验证码,自动更改
验证码为后台生成的图片,每点击一次,src地址后面 多加?实现切换
- <div class="inp-block">
- <input type="text" name="phoneregister" placeholder="请输入验证码" id="u-code" class="phonenum" autocomplete="off"/>
- <img src="/check_code" onclick='ChangeCode();' id='imgCode' class="codeimg">
- </div>
- //注册页面验证码切换
- function ChangeCode() {
- var code = document.getElementById('imgCode');
- code.src += '?';
- }
前端JQ:点击改变验证码
- //登录,确定按钮:(邮箱形式)
- $('.login-btn').on('click',function () {
- var username = $('#username').val();
- var password = $('#password').val();
- var code = $('#u-code').val();
- var remember = 0;
- if($('#phone-remember').is(':checked')){
- remember = 1;
- }
- $.ajax({
- url:'/userlogin',
- type: 'POST',
- dataType: 'text',
- data:{'username':username,'password':password,'code':code,'remember':remember},
- success: function(data, statusText, xmlHttpRequest){
- obj = JSON.parse(data);
- if( isEmptyObject(obj['error_info']) ){
- $('.login-error').text('');
- window.location.reload();
- }
- $.each(obj['error_info'],function (k,v) {
- $('.login-error').text(v);
- return false;
- });
- }
- })
- });
前端JQ:登录按钮
- import io
- from backend.utils import check_code
- from core.request_handle import BaseHandler
- class CheckcodeHandler(BaseHandler):
- def get(self, *args, **kwargs):
- mstream = io.BytesIO()
- img, code = check_code.create_validate_code()
- self.session['code'] = code
- print(self.session['code'])
- img.save(mstream, "GIF")
- self.write(mstream.getvalue())
CheckcodeHandler
- import tornado.ioloop
- import tornado.web
- import json
- import os
- import sys
- from core.request_handle import BaseHandler
- from models.userinfo import QueryUser
- from forms.account import LoginForm
- class LoginUserHandler(BaseHandler):
- def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
- obj = LoginForm()
- val, success_info, error_info = obj.check_value(self)
- print(val, success_info, error_info)
- if not error_info:
- if self.session['code'].upper() == success_info['code'].upper():
- query = QueryUser()
- ret = query.checkusername(success_info['username'],success_info['password'])
- if ret:
- self.session['is_login'] = 1
- self.session['username'] = ret['username']
- self.session['user_id'] = ret['user_id']
- else:
- error_info = { 'username' : '用户名或密码错误'}
- else:
- error_info = {'code': '验证码错误'}
- data = { 'success_info': success_info , 'error_info': error_info }
- self.write(json.dumps(data))
LoginUserHandler
- #!/usr/bin/env python
- #coding:utf-8
- import random
- from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImageFilter
- _letter_cases = "abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxy" # 小写字母,去除可能干扰的i,l,o,z
- _upper_cases = _letter_cases.upper() # 大写字母
- _numbers = ''.join(map(str, range(3, 10))) # 数字
- init_chars = ''.join((_letter_cases, _upper_cases, _numbers))
- def create_validate_code(size=(120, 30),
- chars=init_chars,
- img_type="GIF",
- mode="RGB",
- bg_color=(255, 255, 255),
- fg_color=(0, 0, 255),
- font_size=18,
- font_type="Monaco.ttf",
- length=4,
- draw_lines=True,
- n_line=(1, 2),
- draw_points=True,
- point_chance = 2):
- '''
- @todo: 生成验证码图片
- @param size: 图片的大小,格式(宽,高),默认为(120, 30)
- @param chars: 允许的字符集合,格式字符串
- @param img_type: 图片保存的格式,默认为GIF,可选的为GIF,JPEG,TIFF,PNG
- @param mode: 图片模式,默认为RGB
- @param bg_color: 背景颜色,默认为白色
- @param fg_color: 前景色,验证码字符颜色,默认为蓝色#0000FF
- @param font_size: 验证码字体大小
- @param font_type: 验证码字体,默认为 ae_AlArabiya.ttf
- @param length: 验证码字符个数
- @param draw_lines: 是否划干扰线
- @param n_lines: 干扰线的条数范围,格式元组,默认为(1, 2),只有draw_lines为True时有效
- @param draw_points: 是否画干扰点
- @param point_chance: 干扰点出现的概率,大小范围[0, 100]
- @return: [0]: PIL Image实例
- @return: [1]: 验证码图片中的字符串
- '''
- width, height = size # 宽, 高
- img = Image.new(mode, size, bg_color) # 创建图形
- draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # 创建画笔
- def get_chars():
- '''生成给定长度的字符串,返回列表格式'''
- return random.sample(chars, length)
- def create_lines():
- '''绘制干扰线'''
- line_num = random.randint(*n_line) # 干扰线条数
- for i in range(line_num):
- # 起始点
- begin = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
- #结束点
- end = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
- draw.line([begin, end], fill=(0, 0, 0))
- def create_points():
- '''绘制干扰点'''
- chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance))) # 大小限制在[0, 100]
- for w in range(width):
- for h in range(height):
- tmp = random.randint(0, 100)
- if tmp > 100 - chance:
- draw.point((w, h), fill=(0, 0, 0))
- def create_strs():
- '''绘制验证码字符'''
- c_chars = get_chars()
- strs = ' %s ' % ' '.join(c_chars) # 每个字符前后以空格隔开
- font = ImageFont.truetype(font_type, font_size)
- font_width, font_height = font.getsize(strs)
- draw.text(((width - font_width) / 3, (height - font_height) / 3),
- strs, font=font, fill=fg_color)
- return ''.join(c_chars)
- if draw_lines:
- create_lines()
- if draw_points:
- create_points()
- strs = create_strs()
- # 图形扭曲参数
- params = [1 - float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 100,
- 0,
- 0,
- 0,
- 1 - float(random.randint(1, 10)) / 100,
- float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500,
- 0.001,
- float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500
- ]
- img = img.transform(size, Image.PERSPECTIVE, params) # 创建扭曲
- img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) # 滤镜,边界加强(阈值更大)
- return img, strs
check_code.py
表单验证
设计思想: 无论表单通过form形式,或者ajax形式,发送数据给后端,我们都要先通过:某些规则进行过滤和验证,再对其进行数据的插入,修改等操作
实现思路:1,有form表单数据来临时,初始化一个表单类,传入self;
2,自动获取form上数据字段,self.get_arguments(name),name与前端input标签的name名字一一对应;
3,通过表单类,调用检测方法 check_value(),
4,如果form表单数据,符合自定义的规则,以字典形式返回数据,{ ‘前端input的name值’:‘input的value值’ } =》 存储在表单类的 self._value_dict 中
5,如果form表单数据,不符合自定义的规则,以字典形式返回错误信息,{ ‘前端input的name值’:‘错误信息’ } =》 存储在表单类的 self._error_dict 中
1. 定义一个表单类 LoginForm ,__init__方法中对象名为 前端input标签的name值
required 是否可以为空值, error_dict 定义错误信息输出内容
- class LoginForm(BaseForm):
- def __init__(self):
- self.username = UsernameField(required=True,error_dict={'required':'用户名不能为空' , 'valid':'用户名错误'})
- self.password = PasswordField(required=True,error_dict={'required':'密码不能为空' , 'valid':'用户名或密码错误'})
- self.code = CodeField(required=True,error_dict={'required':'验证码不能为空' , 'valid':'验证码错误'})
- self.remember = CheckBoxField(required=False,error_dict={'valid':'格式错误'})
- super(LoginForm, self).__init__()
2. 继承BaseForm类,该类初始化了,当前Form表单共用的最后返回数据和错误信息的字典对象
- class BaseForm():
- def __init__(self):
- self._value_dict = {}
- self._error_dict = {}
- self._valid_status = True
- def check_value(self):
- ....
check_value() 执行获取前端输入的数据,self.get_argument(xxxx) 并且根据每个input标签定义的规则去验证数据的正确性 (上文的UsernameField,PasswordField..等)
通过self.__dict__循环获取LoginForm的成员对象,调用Field的validate()方法,验证Form表单中每一个的值。验证正确,信息存储在self._value_dict 中, 错误信息存储在self._error_dict 中
- def check_value(self,handler):
- for key,regular in self.__dict__.items():
- input_value = handler.get_argument(key,None)
- regular.validate(key,input_value)
- if regular.is_valid:
- self._value_dict[key] = regular.value
- else:
- self._error_dict[key] = regular.error
- class BaseForm():
- def __init__(self):
- self._value_dict = {}
- self._error_dict = {}
- self._valid_status = True
- def check_value(self,handler):
- for key,regular in self.__dict__.items():
- if key.startswith('_'):
- continue
- if type(regular) == fields.CheckBoxField:
- input_value = handler.get_arguments(key) # checkbox取值
- elif type(regular) == fields.FileField:
- file_list = handler.request.files.get(key,[]) # 文件对象
- input_value = []
- for item in file_list:
- input_value.append(item['filename'])
- else:
- input_value = handler.get_argument(key,None)
- regular.validate(key,input_value)
- if regular.is_valid:
- self._value_dict[key] = regular.value
- else:
- self._error_dict[key] = regular.error
- self._valid_status = False
- return self._valid_status
BaseForm 完整代码
3. Field 自定义的规则类
为前端input标签,定义不同的验证规则(正则表达式),验证用户输入的数据
- class PasswordField(Field):
- REGULAR = "[0-9 | A-Z | a-z]{6,16}"
- def __init__(self,required=True,error_dict=None):
- self.error_dict = {} #错误信息
- if error_dict:
- self.error_dict.update(error_dict) #用户自定义的错误信息
- self.required = required
- super(PasswordField, self).__init__()
继承父类Field,初始化存储信息的成员
- class Field:
- def __init__(self):
- self.is_valid = False # 验证规则是否通过,默认False
- self.name = None
- self.value = None # 获取的前端input值
- self.error = None
- def validate(self, name, input_value):
- ...
执行validate()方法,
1.先判断该值是否允许为空?,
=> 可以为空,验证通过,self.value = input输入值
=> 不可以为空, 判断 input输入值 是否为空?
=> input输入值为空,self.error = 定义的错误信息(required)
=> 不为空,继续正则表达式判断,re.match(REGULAR,input_value)
=> 正则通过,self.value = input输入值, self.is_valid = True
=> 正则不通过, self.error = 定义的错误信息(valid)
- class Field:
- def __init__(self):
- self.is_valid = False
- self.name = None
- self.value = None
- self.error = None
- def validate(self, name, input_value):
- self.name = name
- if not self.required: # 可以为空
- self.value = input_value
- self.is_valid = True
- else:
- if not input_value:
- if self.error_dict.get('required', None):
- self.error = self.error_dict['required']
- else:
- self.error = '%s is requires ' % (name)
- else:
- val = re.match(self.REGULAR, input_value)
- if not val:
- if self.error_dict.get('valid', None):
- self.error = self.error_dict['valid']
- else:
- self.error = '%s is valid ' % (name)
- else:
- self.value = input_value
- self.is_valid = True
Field 完整代码
自定义的Field 供参考:
- class CheckBoxField(Field):
- REGULAR = "^\d+$"
- def __init__(self,required=True,error_dict=None):
- self.error_dict = {}
- if error_dict:
- self.error_dict.update(error_dict)
- self.required = required
- super(CheckBoxField, self).__init__()
- def validate(self,name,input_value):
- if not self.required:
- self.value = input_value
- self.is_valid = True
- else:
- if not input_value:
- if self.error_dict.get('required',None):
- self.error = self.error_dict['required']
- else:
- self.error = '%s is requires '%(name)
- else:
- if isinstance(name, list):
- self.is_valid = True
- self.value = input_value
- else:
- if self.error_dict.get('valid', None):
- self.error = self.error_dict['valid']
- else:
- self.error = "%s is invalid" % name
CheckBoxField
- class FileField(Field):
- REGULAR = "^(\w+\.jpg)|(\w+\.jpeg)|(\w+\.gif)|(\w+\.png)$"
- def __init__(self, required=True, error_dict=None):
- self.error_dict = {}
- if error_dict:
- self.error_dict.update(error_dict)
- self.required = required
- self.value = []
- self.success_file_name_list = []
- super(FileField, self).__init__()
- def validate(self, name, all_file_name_list):
- self.name = name
- if not self.required:
- self.value = all_file_name_list
- else:
- if not all_file_name_list:
- self.is_valid = False
- if self.error_dict.get('required', None):
- self.error = self.error_dict['required']
- else:
- self.error = '%s is requires ' % (name)
- else:
- for file_name in all_file_name_list:
- if not file_name or not file_name.strip():
- if self.error_dict.get('required', None):
- self.error = self.error_dict['required']
- else:
- self.error = "%s is required" % name
- self.is_valid = False
- break
- else:
- val = re.match(FileField.REGULAR, file_name)
- if not val:
- self.is_valid = False
- if self.error_dict.get('valid', None):
- self.error = self.error_dict['valid']
- else:
- self.error = '%s is valid ' % (name)
- break
- else:
- self.value.append(file_name)
FileField
- class EmailField(Field):
- REGULAR = "^(\w)+(\.\w+)*@(\w)+((\.\w+)+)$"
- def __init__(self, required=True, error_dict=None):
- self.error_dict = {} # 错误信息
- if error_dict:
- self.error_dict.update(error_dict) # 用户自定错误信息
- self.required = required
- super(EmailField, self).__init__()
EmailField (input类型为text通用)
Session
设计思想: 利用Cookie 自定义一个Session来存储每个用户信息
实现思路: 1. Session信息设计成一个大字典,key对应用户唯一识别加密串,value对应空字典{}存储用户信息,存放在服务端上。
2. 为用户请求生成一个唯一加密串,写入到Cookie信息中,Session_id = 加密串,用于区分每一个用户。
3. 当用户请求到来时,获取该请求的Cookie信息,判断是否存在Session_id(用户唯一识别加密串)?
=> 如果存在Session_id 并且在 Session大字典中找到相同的 key,记录Session_id
=> 其他情况下一律,生成加密串,写入到Cookie中,同时写入到 Session大字典中
- class CacheSession():
- session_id = "__balabala__" # Cookie中为Session存储的名字
- session_container = {} # Session大字典
- def __init__(self,handler):
- self.handler = handler
- client_random_str = self.handler.get_cookie(CacheSession.session_id,None)
- if client_random_str and client_random_str in CacheSession.session_container:
- self.random_str = client_random_str
- else:
- self.random_str = self.__container__random__str()
- CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str] = {}
- expires_time = time.time() + config.SESSION_EXPIRES
- self.handler.set_cookie(CacheSession.session_id, self.random_str, expires=expires_time) # 方便后续定义过期时间!
- def __container__random__str(self): # 生成加密串
- hash = hashlib.md5()
- hash.update(bytes(str(time.time()), encoding='utf-8'))
- random_str = hash.hexdigest()
- return random_str
利用方法:1. 当用户请求到达每个Handler时,我们都需要先实例化一个CacheSession(),
2. 此时我们可以定义一个父类BaseHandler,initialize() 方法中写入要执行代码,
- import tornado.web
- form session import SessionFactory
- class BaseHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
- def initialize(self):
- self.session = SessionFactory.get_session_obj(self)
可以看到,我们在session.py中定义了一个新的类SessionFactory,用来选择合适的方法,初始化Session,
该类通过读取配置文件config中的SESSION_TYPE选择适合的Session类进行初始化,并且返回一个Session对象,该对象最终存储在 self.session中。
- class SessionFactory():
- @staticmethod
- def get_session_obj(handler):
- if config.SESSION_TYPE == 'cache':
- obj = CacheSession(handler)
- elif config.SESSION_TYPE == 'memcached':
- obj = MemcachedSession(handler)
- elif config.SESSION_TYPE == 'redis':
- obj = RedisSession(handler)
- return obj
Handler 中使用Session
- class LoginUserHandler(BaseHandler):
- def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
- self.session['is_login'] = 1
- self.write('ok')
1.缓存Session
- import time
- import hashlib
- import config
- import memcache
- import json
- import redis
- class CacheSession():
- session_id = "__balabala__"
- session_container = {}
- def __init__(self,handler):
- self.handler = handler
- client_random_str = self.handler.get_cookie(CacheSession.session_id,None)
- if client_random_str and client_random_str in CacheSession.session_container:
- self.random_str = client_random_str
- else:
- self.random_str = self.__container__random__str()
- CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str] = {}
- expires_time = time.time() + config.SESSION_EXPIRES
- self.handler.set_cookie(CacheSession.session_id, self.random_str, expires=expires_time) # 方便后续定义过期时间!
- def __container__random__str(self):
- hash = hashlib.md5()
- hash.update(bytes(str(time.time()), encoding='utf-8'))
- random_str = hash.hexdigest()
- return random_str
- def __setitem__(self,key,value):
- CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str][key] = value
- def __getitem__(self,key):
- result = CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str].get(key,None)
- return result
- def __delitem__(self,key):
- if key in CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str]:
- del CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str][key]
2.memcache session
- conn = memcache.Client(['127.0.0.1:11210'], debug=True)
- class MemcachedSession():
- session_id = "__balabala__"
- def __init__(self,handler):
- self.handler = handler
- client_random_str = self.handler.get_cookie(MemcachedSession.session_id,None)
- if client_random_str and conn.get(client_random_str):
- self.random_str = client_random_str
- else:
- self.random_str = self.__container__random__str()
- conn.set(self.random_str,json.dumps({}),config.SESSION_EXPIRES)
- conn.set(self.random_str, conn.get(self.random_str), config.SESSION_EXPIRES)
- expires_time = time.time() + config.SESSION_EXPIRES
- self.handler.set_cookie(CacheSession.session_id, self.random_str, expires=expires_time) # 方便后续定义过期时间!
- def __container__random__str(self):
- hash = hashlib.md5()
- hash.update(bytes(str(time.time()), encoding='utf-8'))
- random_str = hash.hexdigest()
- return random_str
- def __setitem__(self,key,value):
- ret = conn.get(self.random_str)
- ret_dict = json.loads(ret)
- ret_dict[key] = value
- conn.set(self.random_str,json.dumps(ret_dict),config.SESSION_EXPIRES)
- def __getitem__(self,key):
- ret = conn.get(self.random_str)
- ret_dict = json.loads(ret)
- result = ret_dict.get(key,None)
- return result
- def __delitem__(self, key):
- ret = conn.get(self.random_str)
- ret_dict = json.loads(ret)
- del ret_dict[key]
- conn.set(self.random_str, json.dumps(ret_dict), config.SESSION_EXPIRES)
3.radis session
- pool = redis.ConnectionPool(host='127.0.0.1', port=6379)
- r = redis.Redis(connection_pool=pool)
- class RedisSession():
- session_id = "__balabala__"
- def __init__(self, handler):
- self.handler = handler
- client_random_str = self.handler.get_cookie(RedisSession.session_id, None)
- if client_random_str and r.exists(client_random_str):
- self.random_str = client_random_str
- else:
- self.random_str = self.__container__random__str()
- r.hset(self.random_str, None, None)
- r.expire(self.random_str,config.SESSION_EXPIRES)
- expires_time = time.time() + config.SESSION_EXPIRES
- self.handler.set_cookie(CacheSession.session_id, self.random_str, expires=expires_time) # 方便后续定义过期时间!
- def __container__random__str(self):
- hash = hashlib.md5()
- hash.update(bytes(str(time.time()), encoding='utf-8'))
- random_str = hash.hexdigest()
- return random_str
- def __setitem__(self, key, value):
- if type(value) == dict:
- r.hset(self.random_str, key, json.dumps(value))
- else:
- r.hset(self.random_str, key, value)
- def __getitem__(self, key):
- ret = r.hget(self.random_str,key)
- if ret :
- ret_str = str(ret,encoding='utf-8')
- try:
- result = json.loads(ret_str)
- except:
- result = ret_str
- return result
- else:
- return ret
- def __delitem__(self, key):
- r.hdel(self.random_str, key)
需要注意的是:__setitem__,__getitem__和__delitem__ 使用类似字典方式设置,访问,删除成员。
在缓存Session 中,他们的使用方法与字典差别不大。
在memcache 中,键值对key,value 都是以字符串的形式存储的,
在设置值前需要将value值通过json转换成字典形式,再对字典进行操作,操作完毕后,用json转换回字符串,存储回原来位置!
在redis 中,选用hash操作进行存储,如果待存储的value值为字典,需要先把value通过json转换成字符串,再存储在redis中,
获取某个key的value值时,由于hash中value是以bytes存储,需要先转换成str类型,再判断该key存储的是字典,还是普通字符串
Session所有的完整代码:
- #!/usr/bin/env python
- # -*-coding:utf-8 -*-
- import time
- import hashlib
- import config
- import memcache
- import json
- import redis
- class CacheSession():
- session_id = "__balabala__"
- session_container = {}
- def __init__(self,handler):
- self.handler = handler
- client_random_str = self.handler.get_cookie(CacheSession.session_id,None)
- if client_random_str and client_random_str in CacheSession.session_container:
- self.random_str = client_random_str
- else:
- self.random_str = self.__container__random__str()
- CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str] = {}
- expires_time = time.time() + config.SESSION_EXPIRES
- self.handler.set_cookie(CacheSession.session_id, self.random_str, expires=expires_time) # 方便后续定义过期时间!
- def __container__random__str(self):
- hash = hashlib.md5()
- hash.update(bytes(str(time.time()), encoding='utf-8'))
- random_str = hash.hexdigest()
- return random_str
- def __setitem__(self,key,value):
- CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str][key] = value
- def __getitem__(self,key):
- result = CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str].get(key,None)
- return result
- def __delitem__(self,key):
- if key in CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str]:
- del CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str][key]
- conn = memcache.Client(['127.0.0.1:11210'], debug=True)
- class MemcachedSession():
- session_id = "__balabala__"
- def __init__(self,handler):
- self.handler = handler
- client_random_str = self.handler.get_cookie(MemcachedSession.session_id,None)
- if client_random_str and conn.get(client_random_str):
- self.random_str = client_random_str
- else:
- self.random_str = self.__container__random__str()
- conn.set(self.random_str,json.dumps({}),config.SESSION_EXPIRES)
- conn.set(self.random_str, conn.get(self.random_str), config.SESSION_EXPIRES)
- expires_time = time.time() + config.SESSION_EXPIRES
- self.handler.set_cookie(CacheSession.session_id, self.random_str, expires=expires_time) # 方便后续定义过期时间!
- def __container__random__str(self):
- hash = hashlib.md5()
- hash.update(bytes(str(time.time()), encoding='utf-8'))
- random_str = hash.hexdigest()
- return random_str
- def __setitem__(self,key,value):
- ret = conn.get(self.random_str)
- ret_dict = json.loads(ret)
- ret_dict[key] = value
- conn.set(self.random_str,json.dumps(ret_dict),config.SESSION_EXPIRES)
- def __getitem__(self,key):
- ret = conn.get(self.random_str)
- ret_dict = json.loads(ret)
- result = ret_dict.get(key,None)
- return result
- def __delitem__(self, key):
- ret = conn.get(self.random_str)
- ret_dict = json.loads(ret)
- del ret_dict[key]
- conn.set(self.random_str, json.dumps(ret_dict), config.SESSION_EXPIRES)
- pool = redis.ConnectionPool(host='127.0.0.1', port=6379)
- r = redis.Redis(connection_pool=pool)
- class RedisSession():
- session_id = "__balabala__"
- def __init__(self, handler):
- self.handler = handler
- client_random_str = self.handler.get_cookie(RedisSession.session_id, None)
- if client_random_str and r.exists(client_random_str):
- self.random_str = client_random_str
- else:
- self.random_str = self.__container__random__str()
- r.hset(self.random_str, None, None)
- r.expire(self.random_str,config.SESSION_EXPIRES)
- expires_time = time.time() + config.SESSION_EXPIRES
- self.handler.set_cookie(CacheSession.session_id, self.random_str, expires=expires_time) # 方便后续定义过期时间!
- def __container__random__str(self):
- hash = hashlib.md5()
- hash.update(bytes(str(time.time()), encoding='utf-8'))
- random_str = hash.hexdigest()
- return random_str
- def __setitem__(self, key, value):
- if type(value) == dict:
- r.hset(self.random_str, key, json.dumps(value))
- else:
- r.hset(self.random_str, key, value)
- def __getitem__(self, key):
- ret = r.hget(self.random_str,key)
- if ret :
- ret_str = str(ret,encoding='utf-8')
- try:
- result = json.loads(ret_str)
- except:
- result = ret_str
- return result
- else:
- return ret
- def __delitem__(self, key):
- r.hdel(self.random_str, key)
- class SessionFactory():
- @staticmethod
- def get_session_obj(handler):
- if config.SESSION_TYPE == 'cache':
- obj = CacheSession(handler)
- elif config.SESSION_TYPE == 'memcached':
- obj = MemcachedSession(handler)
- elif config.SESSION_TYPE == 'redis':
- obj = RedisSession(handler)
- return obj
session.py
- #!/usr/bin/env python
- # -*-coding:utf-8 -*-
- import tornado.ioloop
- import tornado.web
- from backend.session.session import SessionFactory
- class BaseHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):
- def initialize(self):
- self.session = SessionFactory.get_session_obj(self)
request_handle.py
- #!/usr/bin/env python
- # -*-coding:utf-8 -*-
- # Session类型:cache/redis/memcached
- SESSION_TYPE = "cache"
- # Session超时时间(秒)
- SESSION_EXPIRES = 180
config.py 配置文件
分页
设计思路:与Tornado篇分页同理
前端:
- <div class="pagination">
- {% raw str_page%} #展示原生html
- </div>
前端页面
后台Url配置:
- (r"/index/(?P<page>\d*)", IndexHandler),
后台Handle:
- class IndexHandler(BaseHandler):
- def get(self, page):
- query = QueryContent()
- page_obj = pager.Pagiantion(page, all_item=query.queryCounts(), per_num=5) #page 当前页码 , all_item 总数据条数, per_num 每页显示条数
- str_page = page_obj.page_str('/index/')
- self.render("index.html", str_page=str_page )
Pagiantion 分页类:
- class Pagiantion:
- def __init__(self,current_page,all_counts,per_num):
- all_page, c = divmod(all_counts, per_num)
- if c>0:
- all_page += 1
- self.all_page = all_page
- try:
- current_page = int(current_page)
- except:
- current_page = 1
- if current_page < 1:
- current_page = 1
- self.current_page = current_page
- def page_str(self,base_url):
- if self.all_page < 10:
- s = 1
- t = self.all_page
- else:
- if self.current_page < 7:
- s = 1
- t = 10
- else:
- if self.all_page - self.current_page >= 4 :
- s = self.current_page - 3
- t = self.current_page + 4
- else:
- s = self.all_page - 6
- t = self.all_page
- list_page = []
- # 上一页
- if self.current_page != 1:
- pre_page = "<a href='%s%s' class='pageedg'>上一页</a>" % (base_url, self.current_page - 1,)
- list_page.append(pre_page)
- # 页码生成
- # 生成 1 , ... ,
- if( self.current_page >= 7 ):
- temp = "<a class='pageNum' href='%s%s'>%s</a>" % (base_url, 1, 1)
- list_page.append(temp)
- temp = "<span class='ignore' >...</span>"
- list_page.append(temp)
- for i in range(s, t + 1):
- if i == self.current_page:
- temp = "<span class='active-page' href='%s%s'>%s</span>" % (base_url,i, i)
- else:
- temp = "<a href='%s%s' class='pageNum'>%s</a>" % (base_url , i, i)
- list_page.append(temp)
- # 下一页
- if self.current_page < self.all_page:
- next_page = "<a href='%s%s' class='pageedg'>下一页</a>" % (base_url, self.current_page + 1,)
- list_page.append(next_page)
- # 数据拼接 返回
- str_page = ''.join(list_page) # 列表连接成为字符串
- return str_page
Pagiantion 分页类
- /*分页*/
- .dig-page-block{
- width: 640px;
- height: 40px;
- /*border: 1px solid red;*/
- float: left;
- margin:20px 0 60px 0;
- }
- .dig-page {
- width:630px;
- height: 38px;
- }
- .dig-page a.pageNum{
- display: inline-block;
- min-width:34px;
- height: 34px;
- color: #369;
- line-height: 34px;
- text-align: center;
- border: 1px solid #e1e1e1;
- border-radius: 5px 5px;
- margin-right:6px;
- text-decoration: none;
- font-family: "Arial","Microsoft YaHei","黑体","宋体",sans-serif;
- }
- .dig-page a.pageNum:hover{
- color: white;color: #fff;
- background-color: #369;
- border: 1px solid #369;
- }
- /*页码中文字体*/
- .dig-page a.pageedg{
- display: inline-block;
- width: 77px;
- height: 34px;
- color: #369;
- line-height: 34px;
- text-align: center;
- border: 1px solid #e1e1e1;
- border-radius: 5px 5px;
- margin-right:6px;
- text-decoration: none;
- font-family: "Arial","Microsoft YaHei","黑体","宋体",sans-serif;
- }
- .dig-page a.pageedg:hover{
- color: #fff;
- background-color: #369;
- border: 1px solid #369;
- }
- .dig-page .ignore{
- display: inline-block;
- width: 32px;
- height: 32px;
- color: #369;
- line-height: 32px;
- text-align: center;
- margin-right:6px;
- }
- .dig-page .active-page{
- display: inline-block;
- min-width:34px;
- height: 34px;
- font-weight:;
- color: #333;
- line-height: 34px;
- text-align: center;
- margin-right:6px;
- font-family: "Arial","Microsoft YaHei","黑体","宋体",sans-serif;
- }
分页标签 Css
页面登陆验证(装饰器方式实现)
1.普通登陆验证
- LOGIN_URL = '/login'
- def auth_login_redirect(func):
- def inner(self, *args, **kwargs):
- if not self.session['is_login']:
- self.redirect(config.LOGIN_URL)
- return
- func(self, *args, **kwargs)
- return inner
2.ajax提交数据的登陆验证
- def auth_login_json(func):
- def inner(self, *args, **kwargs):
- if not self.session['is_login']:
- rep = BaseResponse()
- rep.summary = "auth failed"
- self.write(json.dumps(rep.__dict__))
- return
- func(self, *args, **kwargs)
- return inner
文件上传
为了美观 , 文件上传标签一半由两部分组成 file标签和 button标签
- <div id="main" class="up-block">
- <input name="file" id="my_file" class="file-path" type="file" onchange="imagechange()"/>
- <input type="button" name="action" value="Upload" class="a-upload"/>
- <div>
file标签会设置 透明度 和 定位在button上 , 绑定onchange事件
- .up-block{
- position: relative;
- }
- .file-path{
- position: absolute;
- width: ..px;
- height: ..px;
- font-size: ..px;
- opacity: 0;
- z-index: 10;
- }
图片上传后,展示在上传页面:
方法一:利用iframe实现
- <div id="main" class="up-block">
- <input name="file" id="my_file" class="file-path" type="file" onchange="imagechange()"/>
- <input type="button" name="action" value="Upload" class="a-upload"/>
- <div>
- <iframe id='my_iframe' name='my_iframe' src="" class="hide"></iframe>
- function imagechange(){
- imgupload();
- }
- // iframe图片上传
- function imgupload(){
- document.getElementById('my_iframe').onload = Testt;
- document.getElementById('my_form').target = 'my_iframe';
- document.getElementById('my_form').submit();
- }
- function Testt(ths) {
- var r = $("#my_iframe").contents().find("body").text();
- ret = JSON.parse(r); // 获得后台返回的数据...
- }
抽屉网实现,完整代码:
- //图片上传按钮:
- $(".a-upload").on("change","input[type='file']",function(){
- imgupload()
- });
- // iframe图片上传
- function imgupload(){
- document.getElementById('my_iframe').onload = Testt;
- document.getElementById('my_form').target = 'my_iframe';
- document.getElementById('my_form').submit();
- }
- function Testt(ths) {
- var r = $("#my_iframe").contents().find("body").text();
- ret = JSON.parse(r);
- if( ret.status ){
- var img_path = ret['message']['file_path'];
- console.log(img_path);
- var pre = 'http://localhost:8888/';
- $('.img-alt').addClass('hide');
- $('.upload-btn').addClass('upload-btn-show');
- $('.upload-show').removeClass('hide').attr('src',pre+img_path);
- $(".upload-error").text('');
- }else{
- $.each(ret['message'],function (k,v) {
- $(".upload-error").text(v).show();
- console.log(v);
- //清除信息:
- $('#uploadimage').val('');
- $(".img-alt").text("支持jpg、jpeg、gif、png格式,且不超过5MB");
- $(".upload-error").text("您上传的图片格式不合法,请重新上传").show();
- return false;
- });
- }
- }
jQ 代码
- <div class="img-upload-block">
- <img src="" alt="" class="upload-show hide"/>
- <div class="upload-btn">
- <a href="javascript:;" class="a-upload">上传
- <input type="file" name="uploadimage" id="uploadimage">
- </a>
- </div>
- <span class="img-alt">支持jpg、jpeg、gif、png格式,且不超过5MB</span>
- </div>
Html 代码
- /*上传文件按钮*/
- .a-upload {
- position: relative;
- display: inline-block;
- background: url('http://dig.chouti.com/images/bottom.png?v=2.8')no-repeat center center;
- background-position: 0 0px;
- border-radius: 4px;
- padding: 4px 16px;
- overflow: hidden;
- color: white;
- font-weight:;
- text-decoration: none;
- text-indent:;
- line-height: 20px;
- margin: 10px 0 0 6px;
- }
- .a-upload input {
- position: absolute;
- right:;
- top:;
- opacity:;
- }
- .a-upload:hover {
- color: white;
- background-position: 0 -33px;
- text-decoration: none;
- }
- .pic-content .img-upload-block .img-alt{
- color: #8ca1c1;
- padding-left: 6px;
- vertical-align: -12px;
- margin-left: 4px;
- font-size: 12px;
- font-family: "\5b8b\4f53";
- }
Css 代码
方法二:ajax实现
通过Ajax的FormData对象来实现。详情参考ajax篇
- <input type="file" name="uploadimage" id="uploadimage">
- var fileObj = $("#uploadimage")[0].files[0];
- var form = new FormData();
- form.append("uploadimage", fileObj);
- $.ajax({
- url:'/uploadimg',
- type:'POST',
- data:form,
- processData: false, // tell jQuery not to process the data
- contentType: false,
- success:function (data, statusText, xmlHttpRequest) {
- obj = JSON.parse(data);
- }
- })
【Python之路】特别篇--抽屉新热榜的更多相关文章
- Python之路【第二十篇】:python项目之旧版抽屉新热榜
旧版抽屉新热榜 代码如下: <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset=& ...
- 【IOS】模仿"抽屉新热榜"动态启动页YFSplashScreen
IOS最好要设置系统默认启动页面,不然进入应用就会突然闪现黑色画面 下图是我们要实现的效果: 总体思路:设置一个系统默认启动页面,在进入didFinishLaunchingWithOptions时, ...
- 利用scrapy获取抽屉新热榜的标题和内容以及新闻地址保存到本地
1.安装scrapy pip3 install scrapy 2.打开terminal,cd 到想要创建程序的目录下 3.创建一个scrapy项目 在终端输入:scrapy startproject ...
- python之路入门篇
一. Python介绍 python的创始人为吉多·范罗苏姆(Guido van Rossum).1989年的圣诞节期间,Guido开始写能够解释Python语言语法的解释器.Python这个名字,来 ...
- python之路——基础篇(2)模块
模块:os.sys.time.logging.json/pickle.hashlib.random.re 模块分为三种: 自定义模块 第三方模块 内置模块 自定义模块 1.定义模块 将一系列功能函数或 ...
- python之路基础篇
基础篇 1.Python基础之初识python 2.Python数据类型之字符串 3.Python数据类型之列表 4.Python数据类型之元祖 5.Python数据类型之字典 6.Python Se ...
- python之路第二篇(基础篇)
入门知识: 一.关于作用域: 对于变量的作用域,执行声明并在内存中存在,该变量就可以在下面的代码中使用. if 10 == 10: name = 'allen' print name 以下结论对吗? ...
- Python之路(第四十一篇)线程概念、线程背景、线程特点、threading模块、开启线程的方式
一.线程 之前我们已经了解了操作系统中进程的概念,程序并不能单独运行,只有将程序装载到内存中,系统为它分配资源才能运行,而这种执行的程序就称之为进程.程序和进程的区别就在于:程序是指令的集合,它是 ...
- python之路第一篇
一.python环境的搭建 1.window下环境的搭建 (1).在 https://www.python.org/downloads/ 下载自己系统所需要的python版本 (2).安装python ...
随机推荐
- SQLite进阶-15.触发器
目录 触发器(Trigger) 触发器(Trigger)的要点: 触发器应用 查看触发器 删除触发器 触发器(Trigger) 触发器(Trigger)是数据库的回调函数,它会在指定的数据库事件发生时 ...
- (六)Spring 中的 JdbcTemplate
目录 概念 配置数据库 创建 JdbcTemplate 对象 增删改查代码 概念 JdbcTemplate : 是 Spring 中对持久层(JDBC 技术)一个封装 : 使用起来和 Dbutuis ...
- docker-get拉取镜像
docker-get Let you get all docker images without having network problem. Install curl -kLO https://s ...
- hdu 6069 Counting divisors 公式+区间筛
比赛的时候把公式扣出来了,,但是没有想到用筛法算公因子,,默默学习一下.. 题解:设n=p1^(c1)p2^{c2}...pm^{cm},n=p1^c1*p2^c2...p ...
- 使用X.509数字证书加密解密实务(二)-- 使用RSA证书加密敏感数据
一. 使用RSA证书加.解密敏感数据 X.509证书标准支持三种不对称加密算法:RSA, DSA, Diffie-Hellman algorithms.最常用的是RSA算法.所以本文就以前面章节使用 ...
- VBA开发项目分享-1
这个项目的目的是使用VBA制作一个股票筛选器,股票的指标数据存放在多个工作表,输入多个指标的查询条件,可以从相应的工作表里查询出符合条件的股票数据并返回.项目涉及的VBA知识结构有字典.数组.OLED ...
- NetScaler Logs Collection Guide
NetScaler Logs Collection Guide 来源 https://support.citrix.com/article/CTX227560 Article | Authentic ...
- react route使用HashRouter和BrowserRouter的区别-Content Security Policy img-src 404(Not found)
踩坑经历 昨天看了篇关于react-route的文章,说BrowserRouter比HashRouter好一些,react也是推荐使用BrowserRouter,毕竟自己在前端方面来说,就是个小白,别 ...
- adb实操
一.命令 adb connect IP:5555 adb disconnect IP:5555 adb remount adb install 安装包的绝对路径 二.获取logcat信息 1.制作文件 ...
- Java中接口是否可以继承多个接口?
可以. 接口是常量值和方法定义的集合.接口是一种特殊的抽象类. java类是单继承的.classB Extends classA java接口可以多继承.Interface3 Extends Inte ...