Android TextView自动换行文字排版参差不齐的原因

今天项目没什么进展，公司后台出问题了。看了下刚刚学习Android时的笔记，发现TextView会自动换行，而且排版文字参差不齐。查了下资料，总结原因如下：

1、半角字符与全角字符混乱所致：这种情况一般就是汉字与数字、英文字母混用

解决方法一：

将textview中的字符全角化。即将所有的数字、字母及标点全部转为全角字符，使它们与汉字同占两个字节，这样就可以避免由于占位导致的排版混乱问题了。 半角转为全角的代码如下，只需调用即可。

public static String ToDBC(String input) {
   char[] c = input.toCharArray();
   for (int i = 0; i< c.length; i++) {
       if (c[i] == 12288) {
         c[i] = (char) 32;
         continue;
       }if (c[i]> 65280&& c[i]< 65375)
          c[i] = (char) (c[i] - 65248);
       }
   return new String(c);
}

解决方法二：

去除特殊字符或将所有中文标号替换为英文标号。利用正则表达式将所有特殊字符过滤，或利用replaceAll（）将中文标号替换为英文标号。则转化之后，则可解决排版混乱问题。

// 替换、过滤特殊字符
public static String StringFilter(String str) throws PatternSyntaxException{
    str=str.replaceAll("【","[").replaceAll("】","]").replaceAll("！","!");//替换中文标号
    String regEx="[『』]"; // 清除掉特殊字符
    Pattern p = Pattern.compile(regEx);
    Matcher m = p.matcher(str);
 return m.replaceAll("").trim();
}

2、TextView在显示中文的时候 标点符号不能显示在一行的行首和行尾，如果一个标点符号刚好在一行的行尾，该标点符号就会连同前一个字符跳到下一行显示。

解决方法：在标点符号后加一个空格。

3、一个英文单词不能被显示在两行中（ TextView在显示英文时，标点符号是可以放在行尾的，但英文单词也不能分开 ）。

4、如果要两行对其的显示效果：有两种方法

方法一：

修改Android源代码；将frameworks/base/core/java/android/text下的StaticLayout.java文件中的如下代码：

if (c == ' ' || c == '/t' ||
                            ((c == '.'  || c == ',' || c == ':' || c == ';') &&
                             (j - 1 < here || !Character.isDigit(chs[j - 1 - start])) &&
                             (j + 1 >= next || !Character.isDigit(chs[j + 1 - start]))) ||
                            ((c == '/' || c == '-') &&
                             (j + 1 >= next || !Character.isDigit(chs[j + 1 - start]))) ||
                            (c >= FIRST_CJK && isIdeographic(c, true) &&
                             j + 1 < next && isIdeographic(chs[j + 1 - start], false))) {
                            okwidth = w;
                            ok = j + 1;

if (fittop < oktop)
                                oktop = fittop;
                            if (fitascent < okascent)
                                okascent = fitascent;
                            if (fitdescent > okdescent)
                                okdescent = fitdescent;
                            if (fitbottom > okbottom)
                                okbottom = fitbottom;
                        }

去掉就可以了。去掉后标点符号可以显示在行首和行尾，英文单词也可以被分开在两行中显示。

方法二：

自定义View显示文本

网上就有达人采用自定义View来解决这个问题，我做了实验并总结了一下：

自定义View的步骤：

1）继承View类或其子类，例子继承了TextView类；

2）写构造函数，通过XML获取属性（这一步中可以自定义属性，见例程）；

3）重写父类的某些函数，一般都是以on开头的函数，例子中重写了onDraw()和onMeasure()函数；

=========================CYTextView.java=============================

public class CYTextView extends TextView {
    public  static  int m_iTextHeight; //文本的高度
    public  static  int m_iTextWidth;//文本的宽度
   
    private Paint mPaint = null;
    private String string="";
    private float LineSpace = 0;//行间距
       
    public CYTextView(Context context, AttributeSet set)
    {      
        super(context,set);

TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(set, R.styleable.CYTextView);

int width = typedArray.getInt(R.styleable. CY TextView_textwidth, 320);
        float textsize = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable. CY TextView_textSize, 24);
        int textcolor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable. CY TextView_textColor, -1442840576);
        float linespace = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable. CY TextView_lineSpacingExtra, 15);
        int typeface = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable. CY TextView_typeface, 0);
       
        typedArray.recycle();
       
        //设置 CY TextView的宽度和行间距www.linuxidc.com
        m_iTextWidth=width;
        LineSpace=linespace;
       
        // 构建paint对象     
        mPaint = new Paint();
        mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
        mPaint.setColor(textcolor);
        mPaint.setTextSize(textsize);
        switch(typeface){
        case 0:
            mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.DEFAULT);
            break;
        case 1:
            mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.SANS_SERIF);
            break;
        case 2:
            mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.SERIF);
            break;
        case 3:
            mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.MONOSPACE);
            break;
        default:
            mPaint.setTypeface(Typeface.DEFAULT);   
            break;
        }
       
    }
 
    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas)
    { 
       super.onDraw(canvas);      
       
        char ch;
        int w = 0;
        int istart = 0;
        int m_iFontHeight;
        int m_iRealLine=0;
        int x=2;
        int y=30;
       
        Vector    m_String=new Vector();
       
        FontMetrics fm = mPaint.getFontMetrics();       
        m_iFontHeight = (int) Math.ceil(fm.descent - fm.top) + (int)LineSpace;//计算字体高度（字体高度＋行间距）

for (int i = 0; i < string.length(); i++)
        {
            ch = string.charAt(i);
            float[] widths = new float[1];
            String srt = String.valueOf(ch);
            mPaint.getTextWidths(srt, widths);

if (ch == '/n'){
                m_iRealLine++;
                m_String.addElement(string.substring(istart, i));
                istart = i + 1;
                w = 0;
            }else{
                w += (int) (Math.ceil(widths[0]));
                if (w > m_iTextWidth){
                    m_iRealLine++;
                    m_String.addElement(string.substring(istart, i));
                    istart = i;
                    i--;
                    w = 0;
                }else{
                    if (i == (string.length() - 1)){
                        m_iRealLine++;
                        m_String.addElement(string.substring(istart, string.length()));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        m_iTextHeight=m_iRealLine*m_iFontHeight+2;
        canvas.setViewport(m_iTextWidth, m_iTextWidth);
        for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < m_iRealLine; i++, j++)
        {
            canvas.drawText((String)(m_String.elementAt(i)), x,  y+m_iFontHeight * j, mPaint);
        }
    } 
  
   
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec)
    {         
        int measuredHeight = measureHeight(heightMeasureSpec);         
        int measuredWidth = measureWidth(widthMeasureSpec);          
        this.setMeasuredDimension(measuredWidth, measuredHeight);
        this.setLayoutParams(new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(measuredWidth,measuredHeight));
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
    } 
                
    private int measureHeight(int measureSpec)
    { 
        int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);         
        int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);                  
        // Default size if no limits are specified. 
        initHeight();
        int result = m_iTextHeight;         
        if (specMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){        
            // Calculate the ideal size of your         
            // control within this maximum size.         
            // If your control fills the available          
            // space return the outer bound.         
            result = specSize;          
        }else if (specMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY){          
            // If your control can fit within these bounds return that value.           
            result = specSize;          
        }          
        return result;           
    } 
   
    private void initHeight()
    {
        //设置 CY TextView的初始高度为0
        m_iTextHeight=0;
       
        //大概计算 CY TextView所需高度
        FontMetrics fm = mPaint.getFontMetrics();       
        int m_iFontHeight = (int) Math.ceil(fm.descent - fm.top) + (int)LineSpace;
        int line=0;
        int istart=0;
       
        int w=0;
        for (int i = 0; i < string.length(); i++)
        {
            char ch = string.charAt(i);
            float[] widths = new float[1];
            String srt = String.valueOf(ch);
            mPaint.getTextWidths(srt, widths);

if (ch == '/n'){
                line++;
                istart = i + 1;
                w = 0;
            }else{
                w += (int) (Math.ceil(widths[0]));
                if (w > m_iTextWidth){
                    line++;
                    istart = i;
                    i--;
                    w = 0;
                }else{
                    if (i == (string.length() - 1)){
                        line++;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        m_iTextHeight=(line)*m_iFontHeight+2;
    }
                
    private int measureWidth(int measureSpec)
    { 
        int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);          
        int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);            
         
        // Default size if no limits are specified.         
        int result = 500;         
        if (specMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){         
            // Calculate the ideal size of your control          
            // within this maximum size.        
            // If your control fills the available space        
            // return the outer bound.        
            result = specSize;         
        }else if (specMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY){          
            // If your control can fit within these bounds return that value.          
            result = specSize;           
        }          
        return result;         
    }
   
    public void SetText(String text)(注：此函数目前只有在UI线程中调用才可以把文本画出来，在其它线程中

无法画文本，找了好久找不到原因，求高手解答)
    {
        string = text;
       // requestLayout();
       // invalidate();
    }  
}

=======================attrs.xml===============================

该文件是自定义的属性，放在工程的res/values下

<resources>
    <attr name="textwidth" format="integer"/>
    <attr name="typeface">
        <enum name="normal" value="0"/>
        <enum name="sans" value="1"/>
        <enum name="serif" value="2"/>
        <enum name="monospace" value="3"/>
    </attr>

<declare-styleable name="CYTextView">   
        <attr name="textwidth" />       
        <attr name="textSize" format="dimension"/>
        <attr name="textColor" format="reference|color"/>
        <attr name="lineSpacingExtra" format="dimension"/>
        <attr name="typeface" />
        </declare-styleable>
</resources>

=======================main.xml==========================

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ScrollView
        xmlns:Android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        Android:layout_width="320px"
        Android:layout_height="320px"
        Android:background="#ffffffff"
        >
  <LinearLayout
        xmlns:Android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        Android:orientation="vertical"
        Android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        Android:layout_height="fill_parent">
    <com.cy.CYTextView.CYTextView
        xmlns:cy="http://schemas.Android.com/apk/res/ com.cy.CYTextView "
        Android:id="@+id/mv"
        Android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        Android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        cy :textwidth="320"       
        cy :textSize="24sp"
        cy :textColor="#aa000000"
        cy :lineSpacingExtra="15sp"
        cy :typeface="serif">
    </com. cy .CYTextView.CYTextView>   
  </LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
蓝色代码即为自定义View，其中以cy命名空间开头的属性是自定义属性；

=======================Main.java=============================

public class Main extends Activity {
    CYTextView mCYTextView;
    String text = "Android提供了精巧和有力的组件化模型构建用户的UI部分。主要是基于布局类：View和        ViewGroup。在此基础上，android平台提供了大量的预制的View和xxxViewGroup子 类，即布局（layout）和窗口小部件（widget）。可以用它们构建自己的UI。";
   
   
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        this.setContentView(R.layout.main);
       
        mCYTextView = (CYTextView)findViewById(R.id.mv);
        mCYTextView.SetText(text);
    }

}