FTP规范

FTP协议命令+返回值+返回值解析

FTP message format:
FTP commands are Telnet strings terminated by the Telnet end of line code. The command codes themselves are alphabetic character strings terminated by the character <Space> if parameters follow and <CRLF> otherwise.
FTP Commands:
命令    描述                                                                                 响应码
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ABOR Abort.
           中断数据连接程序
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ACCT Account.                                                                            202,230,421,500,501,502,503,530
           系统特权账号       
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ADAT Authentication/Security Data.
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ALLO Allocate.
          为服务器上的文件存储器分配字节
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APPE Append.
          添加文件到服务器同名文件
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AUTH Authentication/Security Mechanism.
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CCC Clear Command Channel.
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CDUP Change to parent directory.                                              250,421,500,502,530,550
           改变服务器上的父目录
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CONF Confidentiality Protected Command.
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CWD Change working directory.                                                  250,421,500,501,502,530,550
           改变服务器上的工作目录
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DELE Delete.                                                                               250,421,502,530,550
          删除服务器上的指定文件
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ENC   Privacy Protected Command.
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EPRT Extended Data port.
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EPSV Extended Passive.
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FEAT Feature.
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HELP Help.
          返回指定命令信息
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LANG Language negotiation.
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LIST List.                                                                                     125,150,226,250,421,425,426,450, 451,500,501,502,530
        如果是文件名列出文件信息，如果是目录则列出文件列表
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LPRT Long data port.
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LPSV Long passive.
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MDTM File modification time.
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MIC Integrity Protected Command.
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MKD Make directory.
        在服务器上建立指定目录
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MLSD
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MLST       列出指定目录内容                                                         同LIST命令
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MODE Transfer mode.
             传输模式（S=流模式，B=块模式，C=压缩模式）
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NLST   Name list.
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NOOP No operation.                                                                     200,421,500
            无动作，除了来自服务器上的承认
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OPTS Options.
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PASS Password.                                                                            202,230,332,421,500,501,530
          系统登录密码          
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PASV Passive mode.                                                                    227,421,500,501,503
          请求服务器等待数据连接                             
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PBSZ Protection Buffer Size.
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PORT Data port.                                                                          200,421,500,501,530
          IP 地址和两字节的端口 ID
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PROT Data Channel Protection Level.
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PWD Print working directory.                                                       257,421,500,501,502,550
        显示(打印)当前工作目录
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QUIT Logout.
         从 FTP 服务器上退出登录
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REIN Reinitialize.                                                                          120,220,421,500,502
         重新初始化登录状态连接
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REST Restart of interrupted transfer.                                           350,421,500,501,502,530
          由特定偏移量重启文件传递
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RETR Retrieve.                                                                            110,125,150,226,250,421,425,426, 450,451,500,501,504,530,550
          从服务器上找回（复制）文件                           
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RMD Remove directory.
         在服务器上删除指定目录
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RNFR Rename from.
           对旧路径重命名
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RNTO Rename to.
           对新路径重命名
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SITE Site parameters.
         由服务器提供的站点特殊参数
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SIZE File size.
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SMNT Structure mount.
           挂载指定文件结构
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STAT Status.                                                                                211,212,213,421,450,500,501,502,530
           在当前程序或目录上返回信息
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STOR Store.     110,125,150,226,250,421,425,426,450,451,452,500,501,504,530,532,550,551,552,553
           储存（复制）文件到服务器上                           
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STOU Store unique.
           储存文件到服务器名称上
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STRU File structure.
          数据结构（F=文件，R=记录，P=页面）
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SYST System.
          返回服务器使用的操作系统
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TYPE Representation type.                                                                         200,421,500,501,504,530
          数据类型（A=ASCII，E=EBCDIC，I=binary）
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USER User name.                                                                                        230,331,332,421，500,501,530
          系统登录的用户名
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XCUP Change to the parent of the current working directory.
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XMKD Make a directory.
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XPWD Print the current working directory.
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XRCP
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XRMD Remove the directory.
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XRSQ
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XSEM Send, Mail if cannot.
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XSEN Send to terminal.
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FTP服务器的响应是3位的响应码，其中第一位表示响应是好、是坏还是未完：
Code Description
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1yz    Positive Preliminary reply.
        肯定的初步答复：这些状态代码指示一项操作已经成功开始，但客户端希望在继续操作新命令前得到另一个答复。
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2yz    Positive Completion reply.
        肯定的完成答复：一项操作已经成功完成。客户端可以执行新命令。
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3yz    Positive Intermediate reply.
        肯定的中间答复：该命令已成功，但服务器需要更多来自客户端的信息以完成对请求的处理。
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4yz    Transient Negative Completion reply.
        瞬态否定的完成答复：该命令不成功，但错误是暂时的。如果客户端重试命令，可能会执行成功。
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5yz    Permanent Negative Completion reply.
        永久性否定的完成答复：该命令不成功，错误是永久性的。如果客户端重试命令，将再次出现同样的错误。
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响应码第二位表示了特定的分类，具体内容如下：
Code Description
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x0z    Syntax. These replies refer to syntax errors, syntactically correct commands that don't fit any functional category, unimplemented or superfluous commands.
        语法错误，表示不符合任何功能分类的命令，可能是未实现的命令或者多余的命令。
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x1z    Information. These are replies to requests for information, such as status or help.
        信息类型
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x2z    Connections. Replies referring to the control and data connections.
        连接类型
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x3z    Authentication and accounting. Replies for the login process and accounting procedures.
        与注册或者登陆相关命令的应答
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x4z   未定义
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x5z    File system. These replies indicate the status of the Server file system vis-a-vis the requested transfer or other file system action.
        文件系统状态
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响应码第三位是对第二位的分级，给出了差错的附加含义，具体内容如下：
Code Description
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110    Restart marker reply.                              重新启动标记答复。
120    Service ready in nnn minutes.                      服务已就绪，在nnn分钟后开始。  
125    Data connection already open; transfer starting.   数据连接已打开，正在开始传输。
150    File status okay; about to open data connection.   文件状态正常，准备打开数据连接。
200    Command okay.                                      命令确定。
202    Command not implemented, superfluous at this site. 未执行命令，站点上的命令过多
211    System status, or system help reply.               系统状态，或系统帮助答复。
212    Directory status.                                  目录状态。
213    File status.                                       文件状态。
214    Help message.                                      帮助消息。
215    NAME system type.                    NAME系统类型，其中，NAME是Assigned Numbers文档中所列的正式系统名称。
220    Service ready for new user.                        服务就绪，可以执行新用户的请求。
221    Service closing control connection.                服务关闭控制连接。如果适当，请注销。
225    Data connection open; no transfer in progress.     数据连接打开，没有进行中的传输。
226    Closing data connection.                 关闭数据连接。请求的文件操作已成功（例如，传输文件或放弃文件）。
227    Entering Passive Mode <h1,h2,h3,h4,p1,p2>.         进入被动模式(h1,h2,h3,h4,p1,p2)。
228    Entering Long Passive Mode.
229    Extended Passive Mode Entered.
230    User logged in, proceed.                           用户已登录，继续进行。
250    Requested file action okay, completed.             请求的文件操作正确，已完成。
257    "PATHNAME" created.                                已创建“PATHNAME”。
331    User name okay, need password.                     用户名正确，需要密码。
332    Need account for login.                            需要登录帐户。
350    Requested file action pending further information. 请求的文件操作正在等待进一步的信息。
421    Service not available, closing control connection.
        服务不可用，正在关闭控制连接。如果服务确定它必须关闭，将向任何命令发送这一应答。
425    Can't open data connection.                        无法打开数据连接。
426    Connection closed; transfer aborted.               连接被关闭，数据传输中断。
450    Requested file action not taken.                   未执行请求的文件操作。文件不可用。
451    Requested action aborted. Local error in processing.请求的操作异常终止：正在处理本地错误。
452    Requested action not taken.                        未执行请求的操作。系统存储空间不够。
500    Syntax error, command unrecognized.      语法错误，命令无法识别。这可能包括诸如命令行太长之类的错误。
501    Syntax error in parameters or arguments.           在参数中有语法错误。
502    Command not implemented.                           未执行命令。
503    Bad sequence of commands.                          错误的命令序列。
504    Command not implemented for that parameter.        未执行该参数的命令。
521    Supported address families are <af1, .., afn>
522    Protocol not supported.
530    Not logged in.                                     未登录。
532    Need account for storing files.                    存储文件需要帐户。
550    Requested action not taken.                        未执行请求的操作。文件不可用。
551    Requested action aborted. Page type unknown.       请求的操作异常终止：未知的页面类型。
552    Requested file action aborted.                     请求的文件操作异常终止：超出存储分配（对于当前目录或数据集）。
553    Requested action not taken.                        未执行请求的操作。不允许的文件名。
554    Requested action not taken: invalid REST parameter.
555    Requested action not taken: type or struct mismatch.
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        FTP响应通常是单行的，格式为"响应码+空格+提示信息+\r\n"。如果需要产生一条多行应答，第1行在第3位数字应答码之后包含一个连字号，而不是空格，最后一行包含相同的3位数字应答码，后跟一个空格字符。