CA认证

nginx下证书配置

nginx 下 配 置 CA 认 证

 

为nginx配置https并自签名证书   开启443端口

 

实验环境： centos6.5    192.168.16.14

 

[root@localhost nginx]# rpm -qa | grep openssl

openssl-devel-1.0.1e-15.el6.x86_64

openssl-1.0.1e-15.el6.x86_64

 

一.准备证书

1.制作CA证书

ca.key CA私钥：

步骤与使用OpenSSL自签发服务器https证书所述大同小异。在这里再重复一次。

[root@localhost zhengshu]# pwd

/root/zhengshu

[root@localhost zhengshu]# openssl genrsa -des3 -out ca.key 2048    //制作ca.key 私钥

Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus

...............................+++

............................................................................................................+++

e is 65537 (0x10001)

Enter pass phrase for ca.key:         //输入ca.key私钥  tfo0zQ1JiP3PeZQVAzMy

Verifying - Enter pass phrase for ca.key:    //再次输入ca.key私钥    tfo0zQ1JiP3PeZQVAzMy

 

制作解密后的CA私钥（一般无此必要）：

[root@localhost zhengshu]# openssl rsa -in ca.key -out ca_decrypted.key

Enter pass phrase for ca.key:         //输入ca.key私钥    tfo0zQ1JiP3PeZQVAzMy

writing RSA key

[root@localhost zhengshu]# ls

ca_decrypted.key  ca.key           //解密后的ca私钥和ca私钥

 

 

ca.crt CA根证书（公钥）：

[root@localhost zhengshu]# openssl req -new -x509 -days 7305 -key ca.key -out ca.crt

Enter pass phrase for ca.key:         //输入ca.key私钥    tfo0zQ1JiP3PeZQVAzMy  

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

into your certificate request.

What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

For some fields there will be a default value,

If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.

-----

Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:             //输入一个国家的名字，两字母代码  可为空

State or Province Name (full name) []:        //州或省名称 ，全名   可为空

Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:        //地区名称，如城市  可为空

Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:           //组织名称，默认有限公司 可为空

Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:       //组织单元名称 ，可为空            

Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:www.amber.com      //常见的名字(例如你的名字或你的服务器的主机名），输入该网址的域名，必填

Email Address []:       //邮件地址，可为空

[root@localhost zhengshu]# ls

ca.crt  ca_decrypted.key  ca.key           //ca公钥

 

 

2、制作生成网站的证书并用CA签名认证，在这里，假设网站域名为www.amber.com

生成www.amber.comt证书私钥：

[root@localhost zhengshu]# openssl genrsa -des3 -out www.amber.com.pem 1024

Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus

..............................++++++

......++++++

e is 65537 (0x10001)

Enter pass phrase for www.amber.com.pem:    //输入www.amber.com.pem口令   8BZNTubqWA3Y6A1aVJyW

Verifying - Enter pass phrase for www.amber.com.pem:     //再次输入www.amber.com.pem  口令    8BZNTubqWA3Y6A1aVJyW

 

 

制作解密后的www.amber.oom证书私钥：

[root@localhost zhengshu]# openssl rsa -in www.amber.com.pem -out www.amber.com.key

Enter pass phrase for www.amber.com.pem:  //输入www.amber.com.pem口令   8BZNTubqWA3Y6A1aVJyW

writing RSA key

[root@localhost zhengshu]# ls     //解密后的wwwamber.com.key证书私钥

ca.crt  ca_decrypted.key  ca.key www.amber.com.key  www.amber.com.pem

 

 

生成签名请求：

[root@localhost zhengshu]# openssl req -new -key www.amber.com.pem -out www.amber.com.csr

Enter pass phrase for www.amber.com.pem:     //输入www.amber.com.pem 口令   8BZNTubqWA3Y6A1aVJyW

You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated

into your certificate request.

What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.

There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank

For some fields there will be a default value,

If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.

-----

Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:     //输入一个国家的名字，两字母代码  可为空

State or Province Name (full name) []:       //州或省名称 ，全名   可为空

Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:      //地区名称，如城市  可为空

Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:         //组织名称，默认有限公司 可为空

Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:        //组织单元名称 ，可为空  

Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:www.amber.com    //常见的名字(例如你的名字或你的服务器的主机名），输入该网址的域名，必填

Email Address []:  //邮件地址，可为空

 

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes

to be sent with your certificate request

A challenge password []:tutRLJVpkCXlfBJqtZDh   //输入密码

An optional company name []:ZX    //输入一个公司的名称

 

注：在common name中填入网站域名，如blog.creke.net即可生成改站点的证书，同时也可以使用泛域名如*.creke.net来生成所有二级域名可用的网站证书

 

 

 

用CA进行签名：

[root@localhost zhengshu]# openssl ca -policy policy_anything -days 1460 -cert ca.crt -keyfile ca.key -in www.amber.com.csr -out www.amber.com.crt

Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf

Enter pass phrase for ca.key:       //输入ca私钥   tfo0zQ1JiP3PeZQVAzMy

/etc/pki/CA/index.txt: No such file or directory

unable to open '/etc/pki/CA/index.txt'    //报错，不能打开这个目录..

140576737036104:error:02001002:system library:fopen:No such file or directory:bss_file.c:398:fopen('/etc/pki/CA/index.txt','r')

140576737036104:error:20074002:BIO routines:FILE_CTRL:system lib:bss_file.c:400:

 

注；其中，policy参数允许签名的CA和网站证书可以有不同的国家、地名等信息，days参数则是签名时限

 

报错解决方法：

如果在执行签名命令时，出现“I am unable to access the ../../CA/newcerts directory”

修改/etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf中“dir = ./CA”

[root@localhost zhengshu]# vim /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf

42 dir             = ./CA 

 

然后：

mkdir -p CA/newcerts

touch CA/index.txt

touch CA/serial

echo "01" > CA/serial

 

[root@localhost zhengshu]# mkdir -p CA/newcerts

[root@localhost zhengshu]# touch CA/index.txt

[root@localhost zhengshu]# touch CA/serial

[root@localhost zhengshu]# echo "01" > CA/serial

再重新执行签名命令。

[root@localhost zhengshu]# openssl ca -policy policy_anything -days 1460 -cert ca.crt -keyfile ca.key -in www.amber.com.csr -out www.amber.com.crt

Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf

Enter pass phrase for ca.key:    //输入ca私钥   tfo0zQ1JiP3PeZQVAzMy   

Check that the request matches the signature

Signature ok

Certificate Details:

        Serial Number: 1 (0x1)

        Validity

            Not Before: Sep  2 23:37:46 2016 GMT

            Not After : Sep  1 23:37:46 2020 GMT

        Subject:

            countryName               = XX

            localityName              = Default City

            organizationName          = Default Company Ltd

            commonName                = www.amber.com

        X509v3 extensions:

            X509v3 Basic Constraints:

                CA:FALSE

            Netscape Comment:

                OpenSSL Generated Certificate

            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:

                F6:B5:02:33:26:4A:CA:80:C0:01:D8:35:E3:B5:66:27:3A:07:9F:D0

            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:

                keyid:EE:81:07:70:D2:11:40:FC:0E:FE:8D:F0:31:91:58:AC:89:3D:0E:DF

 

Certificate is to be certified until Sep  1 23:37:46 2020 GMT (1460 days)

Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y

 

 

1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y

Write out database with 1 new entries

Data Base Updated

 

 

最后，把ca.crt的内容粘贴到www.amber.com.crt后面。这个比较重要！因为不这样做，可能会有某些浏览器不支持

[root@localhost zhengshu]# cat ca.crt >> www.amber.com.crt

 

好了，现在https需要到的网站私钥www.amber.com.key和网站证书www.amber.com.crt都准备完毕。接下来开始配置服务端。

 

 

二.配置nginx服务端

源码包安装nginx服务器

卸载rpm包安装的apache服务  ，可省略次步骤

[root@localhost zhengshu]# rpm -q httpd

package httpd is not installed

[root@localhost zhengshu]# rpm -e httpd --nodeps

[root@localhost zhengshu]# netstat -anpt | grep 80

 

安装nginx支持软件：

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q  pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make

pcre-devel-7.8-6.el6.x86_64

zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64

gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64

gcc-c++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64

make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q  pcre-devel zlib-devel

pcre-devel-7.8-6.el6.x86_64

zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64

 

创建运行用户，组：

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

 

编译安装nginx：

[root@localhost soft]# pwd

/root/soft

[root@localhost soft]# ls

nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz

[root@localhost soft]# tar xf nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src

[root@localhost soft]# cd /usr/src/nginx-1.6.0/

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.0]# ls

auto  CHANGES  CHANGES.ru  conf  configure  contrib  html  LICENSE  man  README  src

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module && make && make install    ///安装ssl模块

 

 

为程序nginx创建连接文件：

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.0]# ls /usr/local/nginx/

conf  html  logs  sbin

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.0]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.0]# ll /usr/local/sbin/

总用量 0

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 27 9月   3 08:04 nginx -> /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.0]# nginx -t          //检测nginx语法

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.0]# nginx   //启动nginx 服务

[root@localhost nginx-1.6.0]# netstat -anpt | grep nginx

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      5797/nginx  

 

 

在server{}段中设置：

[root@localhost conf]# cp nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak

[root@localhost conf]# vim nginx.conf

35     server {

36         listen       192.168.16.14:443;

37         ssl on;

38         ssl_certificate /usr/local/nginx/conf/www.amber.com.crt;       //密钥存放的路径

39         ssl_certificate_key /usr/local/nginx/conf/www.amber.com.key;     //密钥存放的路径

40         server_name  www.amber.com;     //网站域名

41        

 

 

[root@localhost ~]# cp zhengshu/* /usr/local/nginx/conf/        //把密钥都拷到/usr/local/nginx/conf/ 目录下

cp: 略过目录"zhengshu/CA"

 

nginx其他配置修改:

[root@localhost conf]# vim nginx.conf

 

  1

  2 user  nginx nginx;     //nginx程序账户及程序组

  3 worker_processes  2;   //指定要开启的进程，每个进程要消耗10M-20M内存，cpu要是多核，建议指定与cpu一样多的核数

  4

  5 #error_log  logs/error.log;

  6 #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;

  7 error_log  logs/error.log  info;   //错误日志记录级别

  8

  9 pid        logs/nginx.pid;    //指定pid存储位置

10

11

12 events {

13    use epoll;   nginx的工作模式

14     worker_connections  1024;

15 }

16

17

18 http {

19     include       mime.types;

20     default_type  application/octet-stream;

21

22    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

23                       '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

24                       '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

25

26    access_log  logs/access.log  main;  //客户端访问日志记录位置

27

28     sendfile        on;   //开启文件上传下载功能

29     #tcp_nopush     on;

30

31     #keepalive_timeout  0;

32     keepalive_timeout  65;   //连接保持超时时间

33

34     gzip  on;   //开启网页压缩功能

35

36     server {

37         listen       192.168.16.14:443;  网站绑定443端口号

38          ssl on;

39          ssl_certificate /usr/local/nginx/conf/www.amber.com.crt;

40          ssl_certificate_key /usr/local/nginx/conf/www.amber.com.key;

41         server_name  www.amber.com;   //虚拟主机绑定的域名

42

43         charset koi8-r;   //默认字符集

44

45         access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;   //虚拟主机访问日志记录

46

47         location / {

48             root   html;     //网站根目录位置

49             index  index.html index.htm;    //默认首页地址

50         }

51

52         #error_page  404              /404.html;

53

54         # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

55         #

56         error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

57         location = /50x.html {

58             root   html;

59         }

60    }

61 }

 

[root@localhost conf]# killall -3 nginx    //关闭nginx服务

[root@localhost conf]# nginx    //启动nginx服务

[root@localhost conf]# netstat -anpt | grep nginx     //查看nginx端口号

tcp        0      0 192.168.16.14:443           0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      5815/nginx

 

 

浏览器访问：

 

 

点击记录浏览此网站

 

用域名www.amber.com访问：

[root@localhost conf]# vim /etc/hosts

 

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

192.168.16.14   www.amber.com

 

并且修改windows下hosts文件，添加ip地址与域名