SQL Server 分区表补充说明

分区教程参阅：http://database.9sssd.com/mssql/art/951

切换分区（归档）：http://technet.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms191160(v=sql.105).aspx

 

补充：

1. 数据更新时，会根据分区依据，数据在文件组间移动
2. 归档时，外键约束将阻止归档（同文件组的不同表间归档）

 

理想方案：正常分区，定期结转

 

USE
[master]

GO

CREATE
DATABASE
Sales
ON
PRIMARY

(

NAME=N'Sales',

FILENAME=N'd:\temp\data\Primary\Sales.mdf',

SIZE=3MB,

MAXSIZE=100MB,

FILEGROWTH=10%

),
FILEGROUP
FG1

    (

     NAME
=
N'File1',

     FILENAME
=
N'd:\temp\data\FG1\File1.ndf',

     SIZE
= 1MB,

     MAXSIZE
= 100MB,

     FILEGROWTH
= 10%

    ),
FILEGROUP
FG2

    (

     NAME
=
N'File2',

     FILENAME
=
N'd:\temp\data\FG2\File2.ndf',

     SIZE
= 1MB,

     MAXSIZE
= 100MB,

     FILEGROWTH
= 10%

    ),
FILEGROUP
FG3

    (

     NAME
=
N'File3',

     FILENAME
=
N'd:\temp\data\FG3\File3.ndf',

     SIZE
= 1MB,

     MAXSIZE
= 100MB,

     FILEGROWTH
= 10%

    )
LOG
ON

    (

     NAME
=
N'Sales_Log',

     FILENAME
=
N'd:\temp\data\Primary\Sales_Log.ldf',

     SIZE
= 1MB,

     MAXSIZE
= 100MB,

     FILEGROWTH
= 10%

    )

    GO

 

USE
sales

GO

 

CREATE
PARTITION
FUNCTION
pf_OrderDate
(DATETIME)

AS
RANGE
RIGHT

FOR
VALUES ('2003/01/01', '2004/01/01')

    GO

    

CREATE
PARTITION
SCHEME
ps_OrderDate

AS
PARTITION
pf_OrderDate

TO(FG1,FG2,FG3)

    GO

    
 

    

CREATE
TABLE
Orders

(

OrderID
INT
IDENTITY(10000, 1)
,

OrderDate
DATETIME
NOT
NULL
,

CustomerID
INT
NOT
NULL
,

CONSTRAINT
PK_Orders
PRIMARY
KEY (
OrderID, OrderDate
)

)

ON
ps_OrderDate(OrderDate)

    GO

CREATE
TABLE
OrdersHistory

(

OrderID
INT
IDENTITY(10000, 1)
,

OrderDate
DATETIME
NOT
NULL
,

CustomerID
INT
NOT
NULL
,

CONSTRAINT
PK_OrdersHistory
PRIMARY
KEY (
OrderID, OrderDate
)

)

ON
ps_OrderDate(OrderDate)

    GO

    

    

INSERT
INTO
dbo.Orders

(
OrderDate, CustomerID
)

VALUES (
'2002/6/25', 1000 )

INSERT
INTO
dbo.Orders

(
OrderDate, CustomerID
)

VALUES (
'2002/8/13', 1000 )

INSERT
INTO
dbo.Orders

(
OrderDate, CustomerID
)

VALUES (
'2002/8/25', 1000 )

INSERT
INTO
dbo.Orders

(
OrderDate, CustomerID
)

VALUES (
'2002/9/23', 1000 )

    GO

 

INSERT
INTO
dbo.Orders

(
OrderDate, CustomerID
)

VALUES (
'2003/6/25', 1000 )

INSERT
INTO
dbo.Orders

(
OrderDate, CustomerID
)

VALUES (
'2003/8/13', 1000 )

INSERT
INTO
dbo.Orders

(
OrderDate, CustomerID
)

VALUES (
'2003/8/25', 1000 )

INSERT
INTO
dbo.Orders

(
OrderDate, CustomerID
)

VALUES (
'2003/9/23', 1000 )

    GO

    

SELECT
*

FROM
dbo.Orders

WHERE
$partition.pf_orderdate(orderdate)
= 1

SELECT
*

FROM
dbo.Orders

PRINT
N'数据更新后，分区变化'

UPDATE
dbo.Orders

SET
OrderDate
=
'2004-9-8'

WHERE
OrderID
= 10000

    

SELECT
*

FROM
dbo.Orders

WHERE
$partition.pf_orderdate(orderdate)
= 1

SELECT
*

FROM
dbo.Orders

 

PRINT
N'数据归档,外键阻止归档'

CREATE
TABLE
Customer
(
id INT
PRIMARY
KEY
)

INSERT
INTO
customer

VALUES ( 1000 )

ALTER
TABLE
orders
ADD
CONSTRAINT
fk_orders_customer
FOREIGN
KEY (customerid)
REFERENCES Customer
(id)

 

CREATE
TABLE
order_detail

(

id
INT
,

ORDERid
INT
,

order_date
DATETIME
,

CONSTRAINT
PK_Orders_detail
PRIMARY
KEY (
ORDERid, Order_Date
)
,

CONSTRAINT
fk_order
FOREIGN
KEY (
ORDERid, order_date
) REFERENCES
dbo.Orders
(
OrderID, OrderDate
)

)

 

INSERT
INTO
order_detail

VALUES ( 1, 10000,
'2004/9/8'
)

 

 

ALTER
TABLE
orders
SWITCH
PARTITION 2 TO
ordersHistory
PARTITION 2

GO

/*

消息4967，级别16，状态1，第1 行

ALTER TABLE SWITCH 语句失败。由于源表'Sales.dbo.orders' 包含约束'fk_order' 的主键，因此不允许使用SWITCH。

 

*/

SELECT
*

FROM
dbo.Orders

WHERE
$partition.pf_orderdate(orderdate)
= 1

SELECT
*

FROM
dbo.Orders