Tengine/Nginx 安装

原文出处：http://my.oschina.net/liuhuan0927/blog/604663

一.Tengine是什么

简介

Tengine是由淘宝网发起的Web服务器项目。它在Nginx的基础上，针对大访问量网站的需求，添加了很多高级功能和特性。Tengine的性能和稳定性已经在大型的网站如淘宝网，天猫商城等得到了很好的检验。它的最终目标是打造一个高效、稳定、安全、易用的Web平台。

从2011年12月开始，Tengine成为一个开源项目，Tengine团队在积极地开发和维护着它。Tengine团队的核心成员来自于淘宝、搜狗等互联网企业。Tengine是社区合作的成果，我们欢迎大家参与其中，贡献自己的力量。

特性

继承Nginx-1.6.2的所有特性，兼容Nginx的配置；
动态模块加载（DSO）支持。加入一个模块不再需要重新编译整个Tengine；
支持SO_REUSEPORT选项，建连性能提升为官方nginx的三倍；
同时支持HTTP v2协议和SPDY v3协议，可同时使用两种协议；
流式上传到HTTP后端服务器或FastCGI服务器，大量减少机器的I/O压力；
更加强大的负载均衡能力，包括一致性hash模块、会话保持模块，还可以对后端的服务器进行主动健康检查，根据服务器状态自动上线下线，以及动态解析upstream中出现的域名；
输入过滤器机制支持。通过使用这种机制Web应用防火墙的编写更为方便；
支持设置proxy、memcached、fastcgi、scgi、uwsgi在后端失败时的重试次数
动态脚本语言Lua支持。扩展功能非常高效简单；
支持管道（pipe）和syslog（本地和远端）形式的日志以及日志抽样；
支持按指定关键字(域名，url等)收集Tengine运行状态；
组合多个CSS、JavaScript文件的访问请求变成一个请求；
自动去除空白字符和注释从而减小页面的体积
自动根据CPU数目设置进程个数和绑定CPU亲缘性；
监控系统的负载和资源占用从而对系统进行保护；
显示对运维人员更友好的出错信息，便于定位出错机器；
更强大的防攻击（访问速度限制）模块；
更方便的命令行参数，如列出编译的模块列表、支持的指令等；
可以根据访问文件类型设置过期时间；
……

二. 安装 Tengine

2.1 编译环境准备

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake wget

yum -y install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel pcre gd-devel

groupadd nginx

useradd -g nginx -s/sbin/nologin -M nginx

zlib:nginx提供gzip模块，需要zlib库支持

openssl:nginx提供ssl功能

pcre:支持地址重写rewrite功能

concat:支持js,CSS的样式文件合并，减少nginx服务器请求链接数

安装jemalloc,优化nginx内存管理

wget http://www.canonware.com/download/jemalloc/jemalloc-4.0.4.tar.bz2

tar xjf jemalloc-4.0.4.tar.bz2

cd jemalloc-4.0.4

./configure

make && make install

echo '/usr/local/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/local.conf

ldconfig

2.2编译安装

cd /opt/

wget http://tengine.taobao.org/download/tengine-2.1.2.tar.gz

tar zxvf tengine-2.1.2.tar.gz

cd tengine-2.1.2

./configure \

--user=nginx \

--group=nginx \

--with-jemalloc \

--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \

--with-http_ssl_module \

--with-http_gzip_static_module \

--with-http_stub_status_module \

--with-http_concat_module \

--with-pcre \

--with-http_sysguard_module \

--with-http_realip_module \

--with-http_image_filter_module

make

1	`make` `install`

2.3启动Tengine

1	`/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx`

2.4设置Tengine开机启动

centos版本

cat >> /etc/init.d/nginx <<EOF

#!/bin/bash

# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server

# it is v.0.0.2 version.

# chkconfig: - 85 15

# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.

# It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.

# processname: nginx

# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid

# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

nginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

nginx_pid=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid

RETVAL=0

prog="nginx"

# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.

. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.

[ \${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0

[ -x \$nginxd ] || exit 0

# Start nginx daemons functions.

start() {

if [ -e \$nginx_pid ];then

echo "nginx already running...."

exit 1

fi

echo -n $"Starting \$prog: "

daemon \$nginxd -c \${nginx_config}

RETVAL=$?

echo

[ \$RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx

return \$RETVAL

}

# Stop nginx daemons functions.

stop() {

echo -n $"Stopping \$prog: "

killproc \$nginxd

RETVAL=\$?

echo

[ \$RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid

}

reload() {

echo -n $"Reloading \$prog: "

#kill -HUP `cat \${nginx_pid}`

killproc \$nginxd -HUP

RETVAL=\$?

echo

}

# See how we were called.

case "\$1" in

start)

start

;;

stop)

stop

;;

reload)

reload

;;

restart)

stop

start

;;

status)

status \$prog

RETVAL=\$?

;;

*)

echo $"Usage: \$prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"

exit 1

esac

exit \$RETVAL

EOF

Ubuntu版本

#! /bin/sh

### BEGIN INIT INFO

# Provides:          nginx

# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $syslog

# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $syslog

# Default-Start:

# Default-Stop:

# Short-Description: nginx init.d dash script for Ubuntu or other *nix.

# Description:       nginx init.d dash script for Ubuntu or other *nix.

### END INIT INFO

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# nginx - this Debian Almquist shell (dash) script, starts and stops the nginx

#         daemon for Ubuntu and other *nix releases.

#

# description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \

#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server.  This \

#               script will manage the initiation of the \

#               server and it's process state.

#

# processname: nginx

# config:      /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

# pidfile:     /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid

# Provides:    nginx

#

# Author:  Jason Giedymin

#          <jason.giedymin AT gmail.com>.

#

# Version: 3.5. -NOV- jason.giedymin AT gmail.com

# Notes: nginx init.d dash script for Ubuntu.

# Tested with: Ubuntu 13.10, nginx-1.4.

#

# This script's project home is:

#   http://github.com/JasonGiedymin/nginx-init-ubuntu

#

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#                               MIT X11 License

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#

# Copyright (c) - Jason Giedymin, http://jasongiedymin.com

#

# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining

# a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the

# "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including

# without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,

# distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to

# permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to

# the following conditions:

#

# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be

# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

#

# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,

# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF

# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND

# NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE

# LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION

# OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION

# WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#                               Functions

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

LSB_FUNC=/lib/lsb/init-functions

# Test that init functions exists

test -r $LSB_FUNC || {

    echo "$0: Cannot find $LSB_FUNC! Script exiting." >&

    exit

}

. $LSB_FUNC

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#                               Consts

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin #更改此处

DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  #更改此处

PS="nginx"

PIDNAME="nginx"                     #lets you do $PS-slave

PIDFILE=$PIDNAME.pid                #pid file

PIDSPATH=/usr/local/nginx/logs      #default pid location, you should change it更改

DESCRIPTION="Nginx Server..."

RUNAS=root                          #user to run as

SCRIPT_OK=                         #ala error codes

SCRIPT_ERROR=                      #ala error codes

TRUE=                              #boolean

FALSE=                             #boolean

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"   #如有需要，更改此处

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#                               Simple Tests

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Test if nginx is a file and executable

test -x $DAEMON || {

    echo "$0: You don't have permissions to execute nginx." >&

    exit

}

# Include nginx defaults if available

if [ -f /etc/default/nginx ]; then

    . /etc/default/nginx

fi

#set exit condition

#set -e

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#                               Functions

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------

setFilePerms(){

    if [ -f $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE ]; then

        chmod  $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE

    fi

}

configtest() {

    $DAEMON -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

}

getPSCount() {

    return `pgrep -f $PS | wc -l`

}

isRunning() {

    if [ $ ]; then

        pidof_daemon $

        PID=$?

        if [ $PID -gt  ]; then

            return

        else

            return

        fi

    else

        pidof_daemon

        PID=$?

        if [ $PID -gt  ]; then

            return

        else

            return

        fi

    fi

}

#courtesy of php-fpm

wait_for_pid () {

    try=

    while test $try -lt  ; do

        case "$1" in

            'created')

            if [ -f "$2" ]; then

                try=''

                break

            fi

            ;;

            'removed')

            if [ ! -f "$2" ]; then

                try=''

                break

            fi

            ;;

        esac

        try=`expr $try + `

        sleep

    done

}

status(){

    isRunning

    isAlive=$?

    if [ "${isAlive}" -eq $TRUE ]; then

        log_warning_msg "$DESCRIPTION found running with processes:  `pidof $PS`"

        rc=

    else

        log_warning_msg "$DESCRIPTION is NOT running."

        rc=

    fi

    return

}

removePIDFile(){

    if [ $ ]; then

        if [ -f $ ]; then

            rm -f $

        fi

    else

        #Do default removal

        if [ -f $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE ]; then

            rm -f $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE

        fi

    fi

}

start() {

    log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESCRIPTION"

    isRunning

    isAlive=$?

    if [ "${isAlive}" -eq $TRUE ]; then

        log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ERROR

        rc=

    else

        start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --chuid \

        $RUNAS --pidfile $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON \

        -- -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

        setFilePerms

        log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK

        rc=

    fi

    return

}

stop() {

    log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESCRIPTION"

    isRunning

    isAlive=$?

    if [ "${isAlive}" -eq $TRUE ]; then

        start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE

        wait_for_pid 'removed' $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE

        if [ -n "$try" ]; then

            log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ERROR

            rc= # lsb states , but under status it is  (which is more prescriptive). Deferring to standard.

        else

            removePIDFile

            log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK

            rc=

        fi

    else

        log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ERROR

        rc=

    fi

    return

}

reload() {

    configtest || return $?

    log_daemon_msg "Reloading (via HUP) $DESCRIPTION"

    isRunning

    if [ $? -eq $TRUE ]; then

        kill -HUP `cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE`

        log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK

        rc=

    else

        log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ERROR

        rc=

    fi

    return

}

quietupgrade() {

    log_daemon_msg "Peforming Quiet Upgrade $DESCRIPTION"

    isRunning

    isAlive=$?

    if [ "${isAlive}" -eq $TRUE ]; then

        kill -USR2 `cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE`

        kill -WINCH `cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE.oldbin`

        isRunning

        isAlive=$?

        if [ "${isAlive}" -eq $TRUE ]; then

            kill -QUIT `cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE.oldbin`

            wait_for_pid 'removed' $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE.oldbin

            removePIDFile $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE.oldbin

            log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK

            rc=

        else

            log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ERROR

            log_daemon_msg "ERROR! Reverting back to original $DESCRIPTION"

            kill -HUP `cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE`

            kill -TERM `cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE.oldbin`

            kill -QUIT `cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE.oldbin`

            wait_for_pid 'removed' $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE.oldbin

            removePIDFile $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE.oldbin

            log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK

            rc=

        fi

    else

        log_end_msg $SCRIPT_ERROR

        rc=

    fi

    return

}

terminate() {

    log_daemon_msg "Force terminating (via KILL) $DESCRIPTION"

    PIDS=`pidof $PS` || true

    [ -e $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE ] && PIDS2=`cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE`

    for i in $PIDS; do

        if [ "$i" = "$PIDS2" ]; then

            kill $i

            wait_for_pid 'removed' $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE

            removePIDFile

        fi

    done

    log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK

    rc=

}

destroy() {

    log_daemon_msg "Force terminating and may include self (via KILLALL) $DESCRIPTION"

    killall $PS -q >> /dev/null >&

    log_end_msg $SCRIPT_OK

    rc=

}

pidof_daemon() {

    PIDS=`pidof $PS` || true

    [ -e $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE ] && PIDS2=`cat $PIDSPATH/$PIDFILE`

    for i in $PIDS; do

        if [ "$i" = "$PIDS2" ]; then

            return

        fi

    done

    return

}

action="$1"

case "$1" in

    start)

        start

        ;;

    stop)

        stop

        ;;

    restart|force-reload)

        stop

        # if [ $rc -ne  ]; then

        #     script_exit

        # fi

        sleep

        start

        ;;

    reload)

        $

        ;;

    status)

        status

        ;;

    configtest)

        $

        ;;

    quietupgrade)

        $

        ;;

    terminate)

        $

        ;;

    destroy)

        $

        ;;

    *)

        FULLPATH=/etc/init.d/$PS

        echo "Usage: $FULLPATH {start|stop|restart|force-reload|status|configtest|quietupgrade|terminate|destroy}"

        echo "       The 'destroy' command should only be used as a last resort."

        exit

        ;;

esac

exit $rc

授予执行权限

1 2	`chmod` `+x` `/etc/init.d/nginx` `chkconfig nginx --level 345 on`

添加开机启动（ Ubuntu版本）,service nginx start后

sudo update-rc.d -f nginx defaults

三.测试

3.1 用浏览器访问主机80端口

出现如图所示界面即表示Tengine安装完成！

反向代理配置

#user  nobody;

worker_processes  ;

#error_log  logs/error.log;

#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;

#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {

    worker_connections  ;

}

# load modules compiled as Dynamic Shared Object (DSO)

#

#dso {

#    load ngx_http_fastcgi_module.so;

#    load ngx_http_rewrite_module.so;

#}

http {

    include       mime.types;

    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;

    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  ;

    keepalive_timeout  ;

    fastcgi_send_timeout ;

    fastcgi_read_timeout ;

    #gzip  on;

    server {

        listen       ;

        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        access_log  /data/logs/host.access.log;

        error_log  /data/logs/host.error.log;

       # location / {

       #     root   html;

       #     index  index.html index.htm;

       # }

        location / {

            root   /data/www/;

            index  index.html index.htm;

            concat on;

            concat_max_files ;

        }

        proxy_ignore_client_abort on;

        # demo

        location ^~ /demo{

            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

            proxy_set_header Host $http_host;

            proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true;

            rewrite /demo/(.+)$ /$ break;

            proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;

            access_log  /data/logs/demo.access.log;

        }

        #error_page                /.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html

        #

        error_page        /50x.html;

        location = /50x.html {

            root   html;

        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:

        #

        #location ~ \.php$ {

        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;

        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:

        #

        #location ~ \.php$ {

        #    root           html;

        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:;

        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;

        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;

        #    include        fastcgi_params;

        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root

        # concurs with nginx's one

        #

        #location ~ /\.ht {

        #    deny  all;

        #}

    }

    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration

    #

    #server {

    #    listen       ;

    #    listen       somename:;

    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {

    #        root   html;

    #        index  index.html index.htm;

    #    }

    #}

    # HTTPS server

    #

    #server {

    #    listen        ssl;

    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;

    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;

    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;

    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {

    #        root   html;

    #        index  index.html index.htm;

    #    }

    #}

}

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