ES基本查询
数据准备
# 创建索引
PUT /lib1
{
"settings": {
"number_of_shards": 5
, "number_of_replicas": 0
},
"mappings": {
"user":{
"properties": {
"name":{"type":"text"},
"adress":{"type":"text"},
"age":{"type":"integer"},
"interests":{"type":"text"},
"birthday":{"type":"date"}
}
}
}
}
# 添加数据
PUT /lib1/user/1
{
"name":"zhaoliu",
"adress":"hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
"age":50,
"birthday":"1970-10-12",
"interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,lvyou"
}
PUT /lib1/user/2
{
"name":"zhaoming",
"adress":"bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",
"age":20,
"birthday":"1998-10-12",
"interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
}
PUT /lib1/user/3
{
"name":"lisi",
"adress":"bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",
"age":50,
"birthday":"1998-10-12",
"interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,lvyou"
}
PUT /lib1/user/4
{
"name":"wangwu",
"adress":"bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",
"age":20,
"birthday":"1995-10-12",
"interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
}
PUT /lib1/user/5
{
"name":"zhangsan",
"adress":"bei jing chao yang qu",
"age":29,
"birthday":"1988-10-12",
"interests":"xi huan tingyinyue,changge,lvyou"
}
# 简单条件查询
GET /lib1/user/_search?q=name:lisi
GET /lib1/user/_search?q=interests:changge&sort=age:desc
term查询和terms查询
term query回去倒排索引中寻找确切的term,它并不知道分词器的存在。这种查询适合keyword、numeric、date。
term:查询某个字段含有某个关键词的文档
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"term": {
"name": "zhaoliu"
}
}
}
# 查询结果
{
"took": 2,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.2876821,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.2876821,
"_source": {
"name": "zhaoliuwu",
"adress": "hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
"age": 49,
"birthday": "1970-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,lvyou"
}
}
]
}
}terms:查询某个字段里含有多个关键词的文档
# 查询
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"terms": {
"interests": ["hejiu","changge"]
}
}
}
# 查询的结果为interests字段包含heijiu、changge、hejiu和changge的文档
{
"took": 5,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 3,
"max_score": 1.5467954,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 1.5467954,
"_source": {
"name": "zhaoming",
"adress": "bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",
"age": 20,
"birthday": "1998-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
}
},
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "5",
"_score": 0.2824934,
"_source": {
"name": "zhangsan",
"adress": "bei jing chao yang qu",
"age": 29,
"birthday": "1988-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan tingyinyue,changge,lvyou"
}
},
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.2824934,
"_source": {
"name": "zhaoliuwu",
"adress": "hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
"age": 49,
"birthday": "1970-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,lvyou"
}
}
]
}
}
# 指定返回结果为2个文档
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"from": 0,
"size": 2,
"query": {
"terms": {
"interests": ["hejiu","changge"]
}
}
}
# 指定返回结果中含版本号
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"from": 0,
"size": 2, "version": true, "query": { "terms": { "interests": ["hejiu","changge"] } }}# 查询结果{ "took": 5, "timed_out": false, "_shards": { "total": 5, "successful": 5, "failed": 0 }, "hits": { "total": 3, "max_score": 1.5467954, "hits": [ { "_index": "lib1", "_type": "user", "_id": "2", "_version": 3, "_score": 1.5467954, "_source": { "name": "zhaoming", "adress": "bei ling dian qu qing he zhen", "age": 20, "birthday": "1998-10-12", "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge" } }, { "_index": "lib1", "_type": "user", "_id": "5", "_version": 2, "_score": 0.2824934, "_source": { "name": "zhangsan", "adress": "bei jing chao yang qu", "age": 29, "birthday": "1988-10-12", "interests": "xi huan tingyinyue,changge,lvyou" } } ] }}
match查询
math query指定分词器的存在,会对filed进行分词操作,然后再查询
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"name": "zhaoliuwu"
}
}
}
# 执行结果
{
"took": 2,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.2876821,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.2876821,
"_source": {
"name": "zhaoliuwu",
"adress": "hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
"age": 49,
"birthday": "1970-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,lvyou"
}
}
]
}
}
# 查询
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"name": "zhaoliuwu zhaoming"
}
}
}
# 执行结果
{
"took": 4,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 2,
"max_score": 0.80259144,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 0.80259144,
"_source": {
"name": "zhaoming",
"adress": "bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",
"age": 20,
"birthday": "1998-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
}
},
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.2876821,
"_source": {
"name": "zhaoliuwu",
"adress": "hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
"age": 49,
"birthday": "1970-10-12", "interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,lvyou" } } ] }}match_all:查询所有文档
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
}
}multi_match:指定多个字段
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"multi_match": {
"query": "changge",
"fields": ["interests","name"]
}
}
}match_phrase:短语匹配查询
ElasticSearch引擎首先分析查询字符串,从分析后的文本中构建短语查询,这意味着必须匹配短语中的所有分词,并且保证各个分词的相对位置不变:
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase": {
"interests": "duanlian,changge"
}
}
}
# 执行结果
{
"took": 12,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 1.5467954,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 1.5467954,
"_source": {
"name": "zhaoming",
"adress": "bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",
"age": 20,
"birthday": "1998-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
}
}
]
}
}指定查询字段
# 指定查询字段
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"_source": {
"includes": ["name","adress"]
},
"query": {
"match_all": {}
}
}
# 排除查询字段
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"_source": {
"excludes": ["name","adress"]
},
"query": {
"match_all": {}
}
}
# 通配符匹配查询字段
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"_source": {
"includes":"adr*",
"excludes": ["name","bir*"]
},
"query": {
"match_all": {}
}
}
# 执行结果
{
"took": 8,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 5,
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "5",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"adress": "bei jing chao yang qu"
}
},
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "4",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"adress": "北京海淀区清河"
}
},
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"adress": "bei ling dian qu qing he zhen"
}
},
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"adress": "hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi"
}
},
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "3",
"_score": 1, "_source": { "adress": "北京海淀区清河" } } ] }}
排序
使用sort实现排序:desc降序,asc升序
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"sort": [
{
"age": {
"order": "desc"
}
}
]
}
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"sort": [
{
"age": {
"order": "asc"
}
}
]
}
前缀匹配
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase_prefix": {
"name": {
"query": "zhao"
}
}
}
}
范围查询
# []
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"range": {
"birthday": {
"from": "1990-10-10",
"to": "2018-05-01"
}
}
}
}
# ()
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"range": {
"birthday": {
"from": "1995-10-12",
"to": "1998-10-12",
"include_lower":false,
"include_upper":false
}
}
}
}
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"range": {
"age": {
"gte": 20,
"lte": 28
}
}
}
}
wildcard查询
允许使用通配符*和?来进行查询
*代表0个或多个字符
?代表任意一个字符
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"wildcard": {
"name": {
"value": "li?i"
}
}
}
}
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"wildcard": {
"name": "zhao*"
}
}
}
fuzzy实现模糊查询
value:查询的关键字
boost:查询的权值,默认值是1.0
min_similarity:设置匹配的最小相似度,默认值是0.5,对于字符串,取值为0-1(包括0和1);对于数值,取值可能大于1;对于日期型取值为1d,1m等。
prefix_length:指名区分词项的共同前缀长度,默认是0
max_expansion:查询中的词项可以扩展的数目,默认可以无限大
# 查询
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"fuzzy": {
"name":"zhliuwu"
}
}
}
# 查询结果
{
"took": 5,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.2054872,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.2054872,
"_source": {
"name": "zhaoliuwu",
"adress": "hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
"age": 49,
"birthday": "1970-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,lvyou"
}
}
]
}
}
# 查询
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"fuzzy": {
"interests": {
"value": "chagge"
}
}
}
, "highlight": {
"fields": {
"interests": {}
}
}
}
# 执行结果
{
"took": 43,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 2,
"max_score": 0.64449805,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 0.64449805,
"_source": {
"name": "zhaoming",
"adress": "bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",
"age": 20,
"birthday": "1998-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
},
"highlight": {
"interests": [
"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,<em>changge</em>"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user", "_id": "5", "_score": 0.23541118, "_source": { "name": "zhangsan", "adress": "bei jing chao yang qu", "age": 29, "birthday": "1988-10-12", "interests": "xi huan tingyinyue,changge,lvyou" }, "highlight": { "interests": [ "xi huan tingyinyue,<em>changge</em>,lvyou" ] } } ] }}
高亮搜索结果
GET /lib1/user/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"interests": "changge"
}
},
"highlight": {
"fields": {"interests": {}}
}
}
# 查询结果
{
"took": 6,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 2,
"max_score": 0.7733977,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "2",
"_score": 0.7733977,
"_source": {
"name": "zhaoming",
"adress": "bei ling dian qu qing he zhen",
"age": 20,
"birthday": "1998-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
},
"highlight": {
"interests": [
"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,<em>changge</em>"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "lib1",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "5",
"_score": 0.2824934,
"_source": {
"name": "zhangsan",
"adress": "bei jing chao yang qu",
"age": 29,
"birthday": "1988-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan tingyinyue,changge,lvyou"
},
"highlight": {
"interests": [
"xi huan tingyinyue,<em>changge</em>,lvyou"
]
}
}
]
}
}
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