linux 上使用yum 安装openjdk1.8

使用yum查找jdk: yum search java|grep jdk

# yum search java|grep jdk

ldapjdk-javadoc.noarch : Javadoc for ldapjdk

java-1.6.-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment

java-1.6.-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos

java-1.6.-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment

java-1.6.-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : OpenJDK API Documentation

java-1.6.-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle

java-1.7.-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment

java-1.7.-openjdk-accessibility.x86_64 : OpenJDK accessibility connector

java-1.7.-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos

java-1.7.-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment

java-1.7.-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : The OpenJDK runtime environment without

java-1.7.-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation

java-1.7.-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle

java-1.8.-openjdk.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment

java-1.8.-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment

java-1.8.-openjdk-accessibility.i686 : OpenJDK accessibility connector

java-1.8.-openjdk-accessibility.x86_64 : OpenJDK accessibility connector

java-1.8.-openjdk-accessibility-debug.i686 : OpenJDK accessibility connector

java-1.8.-openjdk-accessibility-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK accessibility connector

java-1.8.-openjdk-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment with full debug on

java-1.8.-openjdk-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment with full debug on

java-1.8.-openjdk-demo.i686 : OpenJDK Demos

java-1.8.-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos

java-1.8.-openjdk-demo-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Demos with full debug on

java-1.8.-openjdk-demo-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos with full debug on

java-1.8.-openjdk-devel.i686 : OpenJDK Development Environment

java-1.8.-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment

java-1.8.-openjdk-devel-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Development Environment with full

java-1.8.-openjdk-devel-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment with

java-1.8.-openjdk-headless.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment

java-1.8.-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment

java-1.8.-openjdk-headless-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment with full

java-1.8.-openjdk-headless-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment with full

java-1.8.-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation

java-1.8.-openjdk-javadoc-debug.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation for packages

java-1.8.-openjdk-javadoc-zip.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation compressed in

java-1.8.-openjdk-javadoc-zip-debug.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation

java-1.8.-openjdk-src.i686 : OpenJDK Source Bundle

java-1.8.-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle

java-1.8.-openjdk-src-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Source Bundle for packages with

java-1.8.-openjdk-src-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle for packages with

java--openjdk.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment

java--openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment

java--openjdk-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment  with full debug on

java--openjdk-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment  with full debug on

java--openjdk-demo.i686 : OpenJDK Demos

java--openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos

java--openjdk-demo-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Demos  with full debug on

java--openjdk-demo-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos  with full debug on

java--openjdk-devel.i686 : OpenJDK Development Environment

java--openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment

java--openjdk-devel-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Development Environment  with full

java--openjdk-devel-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment  with

java--openjdk-headless.i686 : OpenJDK Headless Runtime Environment

java--openjdk-headless.x86_64 : OpenJDK Headless Runtime Environment

java--openjdk-headless-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment with full

java--openjdk-headless-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment with full

java--openjdk-javadoc.i686 : OpenJDK  API documentation

java--openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : OpenJDK  API documentation

java--openjdk-javadoc-debug.i686 : OpenJDK  API documentation for packages

java--openjdk-javadoc-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK  API documentation for packages

java--openjdk-javadoc-zip.i686 : OpenJDK  API documentation compressed in

java--openjdk-javadoc-zip.x86_64 : OpenJDK  API documentation compressed in

java--openjdk-javadoc-zip-debug.i686 : OpenJDK  API documentation compressed

java--openjdk-javadoc-zip-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK  API documentation

java--openjdk-jmods.i686 : JMods for OpenJDK

java--openjdk-jmods.x86_64 : JMods for OpenJDK

java--openjdk-jmods-debug.i686 : JMods for OpenJDK  with full debug on

java--openjdk-jmods-debug.x86_64 : JMods for OpenJDK  with full debug on

java--openjdk-src.i686 : OpenJDK Source Bundle

java--openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle

java--openjdk-src-debug.i686 : OpenJDK Source Bundle for packages with debug

java--openjdk-src-debug.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle  for packages with

ldapjdk.noarch : The Mozilla LDAP Java SDK

执行安装命令：yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk

安装成功后，默认安装路径在/usr/lib/jvm/下边，
如/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.144-0.b01.el6_9.x86_64

查看安装路径(如下所示)：
which java
ls -lrt /usr/bin/java

[root@preproduct1 ~]# which java

/usr/bin/java

[root@preproduct1 ~]# echo $JAVA_HOME

/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-.el7_6.x86_64

[root@preproduct1 ~]# ls -lrt /usr/bin/java

lrwxrwxrwx  root root  Feb  : /usr/bin/java -> /etc/alternatives/java

[root@preproduct1 ~]# ls -lrt /etc/alternatives/java

lrwxrwxrwx  root root  Feb  : /etc/alternatives/java -> /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-.el7_6.x86_64/jre/bin/java

[root@preproduct1 ~]# cd /usr/lib/jvm

[root@preproduct1 /usr/lib/jvm]# ll

total

lrwxrwxrwx  root root    Feb  : java -> /etc/alternatives/java_sdk

lrwxrwxrwx  root root    Feb  : java-1.8. -> /etc/alternatives/java_sdk_1.8.0

lrwxrwxrwx  root root    Feb  : java-1.8.-openjdk -> /etc/alternatives/java_sdk_1..0_openjdk

drwxr-xr-x  root root  Feb  : java-1.8.-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-.el7_6.x86_64

lrwxrwxrwx  root root    Feb  : java-openjdk -> /etc/alternatives/java_sdk_openjdk

lrwxrwxrwx  root root    Feb  : jre -> /etc/alternatives/jre

lrwxrwxrwx  root root    Feb  : jre-1.8. -> /etc/alternatives/jre_1.8.0

lrwxrwxrwx  root root    Feb  : jre-1.8.-openjdk -> /etc/alternatives/jre_1..0_openjdk

lrwxrwxrwx  root root    Feb  : jre-1.8.-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-.el7_6.x86_64 -> java-1.8.-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-.el7_6.x86_64/jre

lrwxrwxrwx  root root    Feb  : jre-openjdk -> /etc/alternatives/jre_openjdk

验证java是否安装成功

查看java版本：java -version

# java -version

openjdk version "1.8.0_191"

OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_191-b12)

OpenJDK -Bit Server VM (build 25.191-b12, mixed mode)

查看java是否可用：javac
```
# javac

-bash: javac: command not found
```
错误原因：默认安装完只有运行环境，java安装目录下只有jre文件夹

安装开发环境yum install java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64
安装完可看到java安装目录下出现bin、lib等文件夹:

[root@preproduct1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-.el7_6.x86_64]# l

total

drwxr-xr-x  root root  Feb  : bin

drwxr-xr-x  root root  Feb  : include

drwxr-xr-x  root root  Feb  : jre

drwxr-xr-x  root root  Feb  : lib

drwxr-xr-x  root root  Feb  : tapset

再次输入javac说明安装成功

# javac

Usage: javac <options> <source files>

where possible options include:

  -g                         Generate all debugging info

  -g:none                    Generate no debugging info

  -g:{lines,vars,source}     Generate only some debugging info

  -nowarn                    Generate no warnings

  -verbose                   Output messages about what the compiler is doing

  -deprecation               Output source locations where deprecated APIs are use

  -classpath <path>          Specify where to find user class files and annotationocessors

  -cp <path>                 Specify where to find user class files and annotationocessors

  -sourcepath <path>         Specify where to find input source files

  -bootclasspath <path>      Override location of bootstrap class files

  -extdirs <dirs>            Override location of installed extensions

  -endorseddirs <dirs>       Override location of endorsed standards path

  -proc:{none,only}          Control whether annotation processing and/or compilat is done.

  -processor <class1>[,<class2>,<class3>...] Names of the annotation processors ton; bypasses default discovery process

  -processorpath <path>      Specify where to find annotation processors

  -parameters                Generate metadata for reflection on method parameters

  -d <directory>             Specify where to place generated class files

  -s <directory>             Specify where to place generated source files

  -h <directory>             Specify where to place generated native header files

  -implicit:{none,class}     Specify whether or not to generate class files for imcitly referenced files

  -encoding <encoding>       Specify character encoding used by source files

  -source <release>          Provide source compatibility with specified release

  -target <release>          Generate class files for specific VM version

  -profile <profile>         Check that API used is available in the specified proe

  -version                   Version information

  -help                      Print a synopsis of standard options

  -Akey[=value]              Options to pass to annotation processors

  -X                         Print a synopsis of nonstandard options

  -J<flag>                   Pass <flag> directly to the runtime system

  -Werror                    Terminate compilation if warnings occur

  @<filename>                Read options and filenames from file

设置环境变量
修改/etc/profile文件：vi /etc/profile
在profile文件末尾新增如下内容：

#set java environment

   JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-.el7_6.x86_64

   JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre

   CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib

   PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin

   export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH

使环境变量生效：source /etc/profile

[root@preproduct1 /usr/lib/jvm]# cd /usr/lib/jvm

[root@preproduct1 /usr/lib/jvm]# cd java-1.8.-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-.el7_6.x86_64/

[root@preproduct1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-.el7_6.x86_64]# source /etc/profile

[root@preproduct1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-.el7_6.x86_64]# echo $JAVA_HOME

/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.-openjdk-1.8.0.191.b12-.el7_6.x86_64

至此jdk安装成功

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