sql地址寻路算法(省市区路)
最近无意翻开4年前做过的一个功能,就是搜集全国各城市各个区(县)的路(XX路、XX道、XX街、XX镇、XX乡、XX屯、XX村、XX社)。众所周知,我们都可以在网上找到省、市、区(县)这三级联动的数据,可是就并没有关于某个城市的某些区(县)下所对应的路(以下所有的路,道,街,镇,乡,屯,村,社统称为路)的数据,不过我们可以找到一些有地址的网站,例如大众点评网,里面就有很多一些饮食店等的具体地址。可以写个爬虫程序,把所有的详细地址先写进数据库的某个表中,然后再执行算法,把地址中有包含路、道、街、镇、乡、屯、村、社等属于第四级的数据写进对应的数据表(当然必须把第四级的数据对应到第三级区(县))。
1、首先需要建五张表(一个用来存放地址的表Address,一个用来存放全国的所有的省Province,一个用来存放属于省的城市City,一个用来存放属于城市的区(县)District,一个用来存放属于区的路Road)。下面是数据表关系图:
所有的表中的FID是外键表的ID,其中省Province的FID暂时没用到可忽略,其中flag是一个标志,如0表示新加,1表示修改,2表示删除等,shid和shengId是对应到其它表的,如某个城市的邮政编码,主要是用来搜集它们的一些对应的数据而已,这里可不考虑。下面是数据库查询的数据展示图:
2.其次是写一个根据输入的地址,返回省市区路四级联动的数据,然后把第四级路写进Road这个表并且把它的外键FID对应到第三级District区的主键ID
这里使用存储过程来处理,好了,那么问题就来了,执行的地址有好几种情况,在插入路这个数据之前需要对地址进行查找,有五种查找方式:
需要注意城市是否为直辖市(目前直辖市有四个:重庆市,北京市,天津市,上海市)
1)查找方式——省市区路,这个是最理想的,因为地址中已有前面三级的数据,首先找到省,然后找市,再找区,最后找路,如果路不存在就把路插入到Road表,返回省市区路
2)查找方式——省区路,这里只有省和区,首先找出省,然后找区,再根据区找到其所对应的城市,最后找路,如果路不存在就把路插入到Road表,返回省市区路
3)查找方式——省市路,这里只有省和市,于上面两种方式来说是比较复杂,首先找出省,然后找市,再根据路来找出对应的区,如果路不存在就把路插入到Road表,返回省市路
如果存在,则可找出区,返回省市区路。不存在时只能手工更正。
4)查找方式——市区路,这里只有市和区,首先找出市,然后根据市再找省,最后找路,如果路不存在就把路插入到Road表,返回省市区路
5)查找方式——市路,这里只有市,于上面四种方式是最复杂的,首先找出市,如果不是直辖市就找省,然后根据路来找区,如果路不存在就把路插入到Road表,返回省市路
如果存在,则可找出区,返回省市区路。不存在时只能手工更正。
以上是返回省市区路的五种查找方式,下面是存储过程:
GetAddress是查找方式的存储过程,返回省市区路,代码:
ALTER pROCEDURE [dbo].[GetAddress]
@address varchar(100),
@NProvinceName varchar(30) OUTPUT,
@NCityName varchar(30) OUTPUT,
@NDistrictName varchar(30) OUTPUT,
@NRoadName varchar(50) OUTPUT,
@remain varchar(50) OUTPUT,
@PostCode varchar(7) OUTPUT,
@Road varchar(100) output, --新增,要插入road的路名
@method int output,
@number int output,
@insert bit =1 --新增,是否插入
AS
BEGIN set @address=replace(@address,' ',''); --空格
set @address=replace(@address,' ',''); --制表符
set @address=replace(@address,'0',''); --数字
set @address=replace(@address,'1',''); --数字
set @address=replace(@address,'2',''); --数字
set @address=replace(@address,'3',''); --数字
set @address=replace(@address,'4',''); --数字
set @address=replace(@address,'5',''); --数字
set @address=replace(@address,'6',''); --数字
set @address=replace(@address,'7',''); --数字
set @address=replace(@address,'8',''); --数字
set @address=replace(@address,'9',''); --数字 set @method=1
set @number=0 create table #temp(NProvinceName varchar(30),NCityName varchar(30),NDistrictName varchar(30),
NRoadName varchar(50),remain varchar(50),PostCode varchar(7) ,Road varchar(100),method int,number int) while @method<=5
begin
exec ResAddress @address,@NProvinceName output,@NCityName output,
@NDistrictName output,@NRoadName output,@remain output,@PostCode output,@Road output,@method output,@number output insert into #temp values (@NProvinceName,@NCityName,@NDistrictName,@NRoadName,@remain,@PostCode,@Road,@method,@number) select @NProvinceName=null,@NCityName=null,@NDistrictName=null,@NRoadName=null,@remain=null,@PostCode=null,@number=0,@Road=null
set @method=@method+1
end /*
select top 1 @NProvinceName=NProvinceName,@NCityName=NCityName,@NDistrictName=NDistrictName,
@NRoadName=NRoadName,@remain=remain,@PostCode=PostCode ,@method=method,@number=number,@Road=Road from #temp order by number desc
*/ select top 1 @NProvinceName=dbo.F_Convert(NProvinceName,0),@NCityName=dbo.F_Convert(NCityName,0),@NDistrictName=dbo.F_Convert(NDistrictName,0),
@NRoadName=dbo.F_Convert(NRoadName,0),@remain=dbo.F_Convert(remain,0),@PostCode=dbo.F_Convert(PostCode,0) ,
@method=dbo.F_Convert(method,0),@number=dbo.F_Convert(number,0),@Road=dbo.F_Convert(Road,0) from #temp order by number desc if (@Road is not null) and (@insert=1)
begin
if not exists (select * from road where fid=left(@road,36) and title=RIGHT(@road,LEN(@ROAD)-36) and text=RIGHT(@road,LEN(@ROAD)-36))
insert into Road(fid,title,flag,text) values(left(@road,36),RIGHT(@road,LEN(@ROAD)-36),2,RIGHT(@road,LEN(@ROAD)-36))
end
drop table #temp
END
ResAddress是查找方式中需要调用的存储过程,其中有number这个返回一个数字,数字越大表示查找的难度就越大,代码:
ALTER pROCEDURE [dbo].[ResAddress] @address varchar(100),
@NProvinceName varchar(30) OUTPUT,
@NCityName varchar(30) OUTPUT,
@NDistrictName varchar(30) OUTPUT,
@NRoadName varchar(50) OUTPUT,
@remain varchar(50) OUTPUT,
@PostCode varchar(7) OUTPUT,
@Road varchar(100) output, --新增,要插入road的路名
@method int output,
@number int output AS
BEGIN DECLARE @id varchar(36)
declare @fid varchar(36)
declare @text varchar(30) declare @NAddress varchar(200)
set @NAddress=@address if @method=1 --查找方式 省市区路
begin
select top 1 @NProvinceName=title ,@id=id,@text=text from province where left(@Address,len(text)) like '%'+text+'%' order by len(text) desc
if (@NProvinceName is not null)
begin
set @number=@number+1 --找到省计数加1
select @id=id from province where title=@NProvinceName and shengid is not null
set @Address=stuff(@Address,charindex(@text,@Address),LEN(@text),'')
end select top 1 @NCityName=title,@id=id,@fid=fid ,@text=text from city where left(@Address,len(text)) like '%'+text+'%' and city.fid=@id order by len(text) desc
if (@NCityName is not null)
begin
set @number=@number+1
select @id=id from city where title=@NCityName and shiid is not null
set @Address=stuff(@Address,charindex(@text,@Address),LEN(@text),'')
end select top 1 @NDistrictName=title,@id=id,@fid=fid,@text=text from district where left(@Address,len(text)) like '%'+text+'%' and district.fid=@id order by len(text) desc
if (@NDistrictName is not null)
begin
set @number=@number+1
select @id=id from district where title=@NDistrictName and shiid is not null
set @Address=stuff(@Address,charindex(@text,@Address),LEN(@text),'')
end select top 1 @NRoadName=title,@fid=fid,@id=id ,@PostCode=PostCode,@text=text from Road where left(@Address,len(text)) like '%'+text+'%' and road.fid=@id order by len(text) desc
if (@NRoadName is not null)
begin
set @Address=stuff(@Address,charindex(@text,@Address),LEN(@text),'')
set @number=@number+1
end if @text is not null
set @remain=right(@NAddress,len(@NAddress)-charindex(@text,@NAddress)-len(@text)+1)
else
set @remain=@Address if (@NRoadName is null) and (@NDistrictName is not null)
goto GetRoad
else
goto finished
end if @method=2 --查找方式 省区路
begin
select top 1 @NProvinceName=title ,@id=id,@text=text from province where left(@Address,len(text)) like '%'+text+'%' order by len(text) desc
if (@NProvinceName is not null)
begin
set @number=@number+1 --找到省计数加1
select @id=id from province where title=@NProvinceName and shengid is not null --找省的标准ID
set @Address=stuff(@Address,charindex(@text,@Address),LEN(@text),'')
end select top 1 @NDistrictName=title,@id=id,@fid=fid,@text=text from district where left(@Address,len(text)) like '%'+text+'%'
and district.fid in (select id from city where city.fid=@id) order by len(text) desc
if (@NDistrictName is not null)
begin
select @id=id from district where title=@NDistrictName and shiid is not null --找区的标准ID
set @number=@number+1
set @Address=stuff(@Address,charindex(@text,@Address),LEN(@text),'')
end SELECT @NCityName=title FROM City where id=@fid --返回查找市名
if (@NCityName is not null)
set @number=@number+1 select top 1 @NRoadName=title,@fid=fid,@id=id ,@PostCode=PostCode,@text=text from Road where left(@Address,len(text)) like '%'+text+'%'
and Road.fid=@id order by len(text) desc
if (@NRoadName is not null)
begin
set @number=@number+1
set @Address=stuff(@Address,charindex(@text,@Address),LEN(@text),'')
end if @text is not null
set @remain=right(@NAddress,len(@NAddress)-charindex(@text,@NAddress)-len(@text)+1)
else
set @remain=@Address if (@NRoadName is null) and (@NDistrictName is not null)
goto GetRoad
else
goto finished
end if @method=3 --查找方式 省市路
begin
select top 1 @NProvinceName=title ,@id=id,@text=text from province where left(@Address,len(text)) like '%'+text+'%' order by len(text) desc
if (@NProvinceName is not null)
begin
set @number=@number+1 --找到省计数加1
select @id=id from province where title=@NProvinceName and shengid is not null --找省的标准ID
set @Address=stuff(@Address,charindex(@text,@Address),LEN(@text),'')
end if @NProvinceName in ('重庆市','北京市','天津市','上海市') --新增这个判断 2009-08-25
begin
select top 1 @NCityName=title,@id=id,@fid=fid,@text=text from city where city.fid=@id
set @number=@number+1
end
else
begin
select top 1 @NCityName=title,@id=id,@fid=fid,@text=text from city where left(@Address,len(text)) like '%'+text+'%'
and city.fid=@id order by len(text) desc
if (@NCityName is not null)
begin
set @number=@number+1
select @id=id from city where title=@NCityName and shiid is not null --找市的标准ID
set @Address=stuff(@Address,charindex(@text,@Address),LEN(@text),'')
end
end select top 1 @NRoadName=title,@fid=fid,@id=id ,@PostCode=PostCode,@text=text from Road where left(@Address,len(text)) like '%'+text+'%'
and road.fid in (select id from district where district.fid=@id) order by len(text) desc
if (@NRoadName is not null)
begin
set @Address=stuff(@Address,charindex(@text,@Address),LEN(@text),'')
set @number=@number+1
end select @NDistrictName=title from district where id=@fid --返回查找区名
if (@NDistrictName is not null)
set @number=@number+1 if @text is not null
set @remain=right(@NAddress,len(@NAddress)-charindex(@text,@NAddress)-len(@text)+1)
else
set @remain=@Address
if (@NRoadName is null) and (@NDistrictName is not null)
goto GetRoad
else
goto finished
end if @method=4 --查找方式 市区路
begin
select top 1 @NCityName=title,@id=id,@fid=fid ,@text=text from city where left(@Address,len(text)) like '%'+text+'%' order by len(text) desc
if (@NCityName is not null)
begin
select @id=id from city where title=@NCityName and shiid is not null --找市的标准ID
set @Address=stuff(@Address,charindex(@text,@Address),LEN(@text),'')
set @number=@number+1
end select @NProvinceName=title from Province where id=@fid --返回找省名
if (@NProvinceName is not null)
begin
set @number=@number+1
end select top 1 @NDistrictName=title,@id=id,@fid=fid, @text=text from district where left(@Address,len(text)) like '%'+text+'%'
and district.fid=@id order by len(text) desc
if (@NDistrictName is not null)
begin
set @number=@number+1
select @id=id from district where title=@NDistrictName and shiid is not null --找区的标准ID
set @Address=stuff(@Address,charindex(@text,@Address),LEN(@text),'')
end select top 1 @NRoadName=title,@fid=fid,@id=id ,@PostCode=PostCode,@text=text from Road where left(@Address,len(text)) like '%'+text+'%'
and road.fid=@id order by len(text) desc
if (@NRoadName is not null)
begin
set @Address=stuff(@Address,charindex(@text,@Address),LEN(@text),'')
set @number=@number+1
end if @text is not null
set @remain=right(@NAddress,len(@NAddress)-charindex(@text,@NAddress)-len(@text)+1)
else
set @remain=@Address if (@NRoadName is null) and (@NDistrictName is not null)
goto GetRoad
else
goto finished
end if @method=5 --查找方式 :市-路
begin
select top 1 @NCityName=title,@id=id,@fid=fid , @text=text from city where left(@Address,len(text)) like '%'+text+'%' order by len(text) desc
if (@NCityName is not null)
begin
set @number=@number+1
select @id=id from city where title=@NCityName and shiid is not null --找市的标准ID
set @Address=stuff(@Address,charindex(@text,@Address),LEN(@text),'')
end
select @NProvinceName=title from Province where id=@fid --返回找省名
if (@NProvinceName is not null)
set @number=@number+1 select top 1 @NRoadName=title,@fid=fid,@id=id ,@PostCode=PostCode ,@text=text from Road where left(@Address,len(text)) like '%'+text+'%'
and road.fid in (select id from district where district.fid=@id) order by len(text) desc
if (@NRoadName is not null)
begin
set @Address=stuff(@Address,charindex(@text,@Address),LEN(@text),'')
set @number=@number+1
end select @NDistrictName=title from district where id=@fid --返回查找区名
if (@NDistrictName is not null)
set @number=@number+1 if @text is not null
set @remain=right(@NAddress,len(@NAddress)-charindex(@text,@NAddress)-len(@text)+1)
else
set @remain=@Address if (@NRoadName is null) and (@NDistrictName is not null)
goto GetRoad
else
goto finished
end GetRoad: --新增将返回@road
if charindex('路',@Address)>0
set @Road=left(@address,charindex('路',@Address))
else if charindex('道',@Address)>0
set @Road=left(@address,charindex('道',@Address))
else if charindex('街',@Address)>0
set @Road=left(@address,charindex('街',@Address))
else if charindex('镇',@Address)>0
set @Road=left(@address,charindex('镇',@Address))
else if charindex('乡',@Address)>0
set @Road=left(@address,charindex('乡',@Address))
else if charindex('屯',@Address)>0
set @Road=left(@address,charindex('屯',@Address))
else if charindex('村',@Address)>0
set @Road=left(@address,charindex('村',@Address))
else if charindex('社',@Address)>0
set @Road=left(@address,charindex('社',@Address)) set @road=@id+@road
finished:
END
execAddress是执行存储过程,根据输入的地址返回详细的地址,代码:
ALTER Procedure [dbo].[execAddress]
@inputaddress varchar(100)
AS
DECLARE @return_value int,
@NProvinceName varchar(30),
@NCityName varchar(30),
@NDistrictName varchar(30),
@NRoadName varchar(50),
@remain varchar(50),
@PostCode varchar(7),
@Road varchar(100),
@method int,
@number int EXEC @return_value = [dbo].[GetAddress]
@address = @inputaddress,
@NProvinceName = @NProvinceName OUTPUT,
@NCityName = @NCityName OUTPUT,
@NDistrictName = @NDistrictName OUTPUT,
@NRoadName = @NRoadName OUTPUT,
@remain = @remain OUTPUT,
@PostCode = @PostCode OUTPUT,
@Road = @Road OUTPUT,
@method = @method OUTPUT,
@number = @number OUTPUT
以下是测试,根据输入的地址返回省市区路的详细地址,这里就只截图:
1.输入重庆新华路41-43号,点转换,执行存储过程execAddress,把返回的地址显示在输出地址里,如下图
这里是第五种查找方式(市路)也可能是第三种查找方式(省市路)。
2.输入广州海珠区广州大道客村墩和,返回广东省广州市海珠区广州大道客村墩和,如下图:
这里是第四种查找方式(市区路)。
以上就是介绍查找地址的方法,还没用到address表,这个表是前面所说的用来搜集有详细地址的,具体需要写一个网页爬虫的程序,去爬爬有地址的网站,如大众点评网,这里就介绍这么多了,有写得不好的还望各位手下留情~
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