【solr专题之四】在Tomcat 中部署Solr4.x

1、安装Tomcat

（1）下载并解压至/opt/tomcat中

# cd /opt/jediael
# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.54.tar.gz
# mv apache-tomcat-7.0.54 tomcat   将目录重命名为tomcat
# ls
apache-tomcat-7.0.54.tar.gz rh tomcat

（2）配置conf/tomcat-users.xml ,以方便管理及通过页面进行配置

<role rolename="manager-gui"/>
<user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="manager-gui"/>

（3）启动tomcat并验证

# bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /opt/jediael/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /opt/jediael/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /opt/jediael/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_51
Using CLASSPATH: /opt/jediael/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/opt/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

打开http://ip:8080/，正常登录

打开http://ip:8080/manager/html，使用用户名密码tomcat/tomcat进行登录

2、部署Solr

（1）将solr解压后的example/solr目录复制至/opt/jediael/solr/example/solr

# mkdir -p /opt/jediael/solr/example
# cp -rf /opt/jediael/solr-4.9.0/example/solr /opt/jediael/solr/example

（2）将dist/solr-4.9.0.war复制至/opt/jediael/solr/example/solr，并重命名为solr.war

# pwd
/opt/jediael/solr/example/solr
# cp /opt/jediael/solr-4.9.0/dist/solr-4.9.0.war solr.war
# ls
bin collection1 README.txt solr.war solr.xml zoo.cfg

（3）配置solrconfig.xml ，指定数据目录

# pwd
/opt/jediael/solr/example/solr/collection1
 vi conf/solrconfig.xml 

修改以下内容：

  <dataDir>${solr.data.dir:}</dataDir>

为

  <dataDir>${solr.data.dir:/opt/jediael/solr/example/solr/collection1/data}</dataDir>

解释如下：which is true for running the Jetty server provided with the example, but incorrect for Tomcat running as a service.

例上述配置马上生效：

export JAVA_OPTS="$JAVA_OPTS -Dsolr.data.dir=/opt/jediael/solr/example/solr/collection1/data"

（4）在tomcat中指向上述程序包

至少启动一次tomcat，才会生成此目录

在/opt/jediael/tomcat/conf/Catalina/localhost/创建一个新文件：
# cd /opt/jediael/tomcat/conf/Catalina/localhost/
# ls
# vi solr.xml

内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Context docBase="/opt/jediael/solr/example/solr/solr.war" debug="0" crossContext="true">
  <Environment name="solr/home" type="java.lang.String" value="/opt/jediael/solr/example/solr" override="true"/>
</Context>

（5）复制jar文件及log4j的配置文件

# cp /opt/jediael/solr-4.9.0/example/lib/ext/* /opt/jediael/tomcat/lib/
# mkdir logs
# pwd
/opt/jediael/solr/example/solr
# cp /opt/jediael/solr-4.9.0/example/resources/log4j.properties /opt/jediael/tomcat/lib/
# vi  /opt/jediael/tomcat/lib/log4j.properties 

修改:

solr.log=/opt/jediael/solr/example/solr/logs/

（6）复制jar包

[# pwd
/opt/jediael/solr/example/solr
# mkdir lib
# cp /opt/jediael/solr-4.9.0/dist/*.jar lib/
# cp /opt/jediael/solr-4.9.0/contrib/velocity/lib/* lib/ 

3、启动并验证

（1）启动tomcat

bin/startup.sh

（2）验证以下页面

http://ip:8080/manager/html  查看运行状态

http://ip:8080/solr/

http://ip:8080/solr/collection1/browse

4、分析
（1）上述war包被解压至 /opt/jediael/tomcat/webapps/solr，其内容如下：
# ls
admin.html  css  favicon.ico  img  js  META-INF  tpl  WEB-INF
除war包外的内容：# lsbin  collection1  lib  logs  README.txt  solr.war  solr.xml  zoo.cfg

保留在原来位置，并没变化。
Repeat the above steps with different installation directories to run multiple instances of Solr side-by-side.