Cocos2d-x之Sound

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音效简介：

1.1 在游戏开发的过程中除了华丽的界面，生动的动画之外，适当的音效也是重要的一部分

1.2 游戏中的声音分为两类，一类是音乐，播放时间较长，适合用作背景音乐。另一类是音效，播放时间较短，可以重复的播放，例如，子弹打出的声音，地鼠触动的声音。             
1.3 cocos2d-x集成了CocosDenshion音效引擎，可以方便的实现游戏音效。CocosDenshion提供了多个音效API，它们分别是CDSoundEngine，CDAudioManager和SimpleAudioEngine。前两个是比较底层的可以控制多个声音的播放，在游戏开发中我们一般使用SimpleAudioEngine就足够了。

1.4 使用SimpleAudioEngine比较的简单，只要添加头文件和命名空间就可以使用了。#include
"SimpleAudioEngine.h";即可使用。

1.5
在Cocos2d-x中不同的平台之下，所支持的音乐格式有些差异：

Cocos2d-x在不同平台下支持的背景音乐格式：

Android：  MP3，
WAV， 3GP

IOS: MP3, CAF

Win32:  MID,WAV

Cocos2d-x在不同平台下支持的音效音乐格式：

Android：   OGG, WAV

IOS: CAF

Win32:  MID,WAV

音乐不同平台的判别：

音效文件

#if (CC_TARGET_PLATFORM == CC_PLATFORM_ANDROID)
 
        #define EFFECT_FILE "effect.ogg"
 
#elif (CC_TARGET_PLATFORM == CC_PLATFROM_MARMALADE)
 
        #define EFFECT_FILE "effect.raw"
 
#else
 
        #define EFFECT_FILE "effect.wav"
 
#endif // CC_PLATFORM_ANDROID

背景音乐文件

#if (CC_TARGET_PLATFORM == CC_PLATFORM_WIN32)
 
        #define MUSIC_FILE "music.mid"
 
#elif (CC_TARGET_PLATFROM == CC_PLATFORM_BLACKBERRY)
 
        #define MUSIC_FILE "music.ogg"
 
#else
 
        #define MUSIC_FILE "music.mp3"
 
#endif // CC_PLATFORM_WIN32

音效API中的重要函数：

 /** Returns a shared instance of the SimpleAudioEngine.*/
 实例化
     static SimpleAudioEngine* getInstance();
 /** Release the shared Engine object.warning It must be called before the application exit, or it will lead to memory leaks.*/
     static void end();
 /** Preload background music.param filePath The path of the background music file.*/
 预处理背景音乐问ujianjiang压缩格式的文件进行解压处理，如MP3解压为WAV
     virtual void preloadBackgroundMusic(const char* filePath);
 /** Play background music.param filePath The path of the background music file,or the FileName of T_SoundResInfo.param loop Whether the background music loop or not.*/
 播放背景音乐，参数bLoop控制是否循环播放，默认为false
    virtual void playBackgroundMusic(const char* filePath, bool loop = false);
 /** Stop playing background music.param releaseData If release the background music data or not.As default value is false.*/
 停止播放音乐
     virtual void stopBackgroundMusic(bool releaseData = false);
 /** Pause playing background music.*/
 暂停播放背景音乐
     virtual void pauseBackgroundMusic();
 /** Resume playing background music.*/
 继续播放背景音乐
     virtual void resumeBackgroundMusic();
 /** Rewind playing background music.*/
 倒带
     virtual void rewindBackgroundMusic();
 /** Indicates whether any background music can be played or not.return <i>true</i> if background music can be played, otherwise <i>false</i>.*/
     virtual bool willPlayBackgroundMusic();
 /** Indicates whether the background music is playing.return <i>true</i> if the background music is playing, otherwise <i>false</i>.*/
 判断背景音乐是否在播放
     virtual bool isBackgroundMusicPlaying();
 /** The volume of the background music within the range of 0.0 as the minimum and 1.0 as the maximum.*/
     virtual float getBackgroundMusicVolume();
 /** Set the volume of background music.param volume must be within the range of 0.0 as the minimum and 1.0 as the maximum.*/
 设置背景音乐的音量大小
     virtual void setBackgroundMusicVolume(float volume);
 /** The volume of the effects within the range of 0.0 as the minimum and 1.0 as the maximum.*/
 获得背景音乐的音量大小
     virtual float getEffectsVolume();
 /** Set the volume of sound effects.param volume must be within the range of 0.0 as the minimum and 1.0 as the maximum.*/
     virtual void setEffectsVolume(float volume);
 /** Play sound effect with a file path, pitch, pan and gain.
      * @param filePath The path of the effect file.
      * @param loop Determines whether to loop the effect playing or not. The default value is false.
      * @param pitch Frequency, normal value is 1.0. Will also change effect play time.
      * @param pan   Stereo effect, in the range of [-1..1] where -1 enables only left channel.
      * @param gain  Volume, in the range of [0..1]. The normal value is 1.
      * @return The sound id.
      *
      * @note Full support is under development, now there are limitations:
      *     - no pitch effect on Samsung Galaxy S2 with OpenSL backend enabled;
      *     - no pitch/pan/gain on win32.
      */
 播放音频
     virtual unsigned int playEffect(const char* filePath, bool loop = false,float pitch = 1.0f, float pan = 0.0f, float gain = 1.0f);
 /** Pause playing sound effect.param soundId The return value of function playEffect.*/
 暂停播放所有音效，参数SoundId是playEffect函数返回ID
     virtual void pauseEffect(unsigned int soundId);
 /** Pause all playing sound effect.*/
 暂停播放所有音效
     virtual void pauseAllEffects();
 /** Resume playing sound effect.param soundId The return value of function playEffect.*/
 继续播放音效，参数SoundId是playEffect函数返回ID
     virtual void resumeEffect(unsigned int soundId);
 /** Resume all playing sound effect.*/
 继续播放所有音效
     virtual void resumeAllEffects();
 /** Stop playing sound effect.param soundId The return value of function playEffect.*/
 停止播放所有音效，参数soundId是playEffect函数返回ID
     virtual void stopEffect(unsigned int soundId);
 /** Stop all playing sound effects.*/
 停止播放所有音效
     virtual void stopAllEffects();
 /** Preload a compressed audio file.The compressed audio will be decoded to wave, then written into an internal buffer in SimpleAudioEngine.param filePath The path of the effect file.*/
 预处理音频文件，将压缩格式的文件进行解压处理，如MP3解压为WAV
     virtual void preloadEffect(const char* filePath);
 /** Unload the preloaded effect from internal buffer.param filePath The path of the effect file.*/
     virtual void unloadEffect(const char* filePath);

实例：

.h files
 
#ifndef _SOUNDTEST_SCENE_H_
#define _SOUNDTEST_SCENE_H_
//使用音效比较的简单我们只要包含托文件SimpleAudioEngine.h和命名空间CocosDenshion
#include "cocos2d.h"
#include "ui\CocosGUI.h"
#include "editor-support/cocostudio/CCSGUIReader.h"
#include "SimpleAudioEngine.h"
 
//设置音乐格式的宏
#define BG_FILES "MainMenuMusic1.wav"
#define EFFECT_FILES "mole.wav"
USING_NS_CC;
using namespace cocos2d::ui;
using namespace CocosDenshion;
class soundTest : public cocos2d::Layer
{
private:
public:
        static cocos2d::Scene* createScene();
        virtual bool init();
        //Player music
        void testPlayBGMusic(Ref* snedef);
        void testPlayEffMusic(Ref* snedef);
        //Pause music
        void testPauseBGMusic(Ref* snedef);
        void testPauseEffMusic(Ref* snedef);
        //Resume music
        void testResumeBGMusic(Ref* snedef);
        void testResumeEffMusic(Ref* snedef);
        //Stop music
        void testStopBGMusic(Ref* snedef);
        void testStopEffMusic(Ref* snedef);
        //CallBack function
        void sliderEvent1(Ref* sendef, SliderEventType type);
        void sliderEvent2(Ref* sendef, SliderEventType type);
        CREATE_FUNC(soundTest);
};
#endif // _SOUNDTEST_SCENE_H_
 
.cpp files
 
#include "SoundTest.h"
 
Scene* soundTest::createScene()
{
        auto scene = Scene::create();
        auto layer = soundTest::create();
        scene->addChild(layer);
        return scene;
}
bool soundTest::init()
{
        if (!Layer::init())
        {
               return false;
        }
 
        Size size = Director::getInstance()->getWinSize();
        Vec2 origin = Director::getInstance()->getVisibleOrigin();
 
        SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->preloadBackgroundMusic(BG_FILES);
        SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->preloadEffect(EFFECT_FILES);
 
        SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->setBackgroundMusicVolume(0.2);
        SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->setEffectsVolume(0.2);
 
        auto item1 = MenuItemFont::create("Play bg", CC_CALLBACK_1(soundTest::testPlayBGMusic, this));
        auto item2 = MenuItemFont::create("Play eff", CC_CALLBACK_1(soundTest::testPlayEffMusic, this));
 
        auto item3 = MenuItemFont::create("Pause bg", CC_CALLBACK_1(soundTest::testPauseBGMusic, this));
        auto item4 = MenuItemFont::create("Pause ef", CC_CALLBACK_1(soundTest::testPauseEffMusic, this));
 
        auto item5 = MenuItemFont::create("Resume bg", CC_CALLBACK_1(soundTest::testResumeBGMusic, this));
        auto item6 = MenuItemFont::create("Resume eff", CC_CALLBACK_1(soundTest::testResumeEffMusic, this));
 
        auto item7 = MenuItemFont::create("Stop bg", CC_CALLBACK_1(soundTest::testStopBGMusic, this));
        auto item8 = MenuItemFont::create("Stop eff", CC_CALLBACK_1(soundTest::testStopEffMusic, this));
 
        auto menu1 = Menu::create(item1, item3, item5, item7, NULL);
        menu1->setPosition(Vec2(100, size.height - 100));
        menu1->alignItemsVertically();
        this->addChild(menu1);
 
        auto menu2 = Menu::create(item2, item4, item6, item8, NULL);
        menu2->setPosition(Vec2(300, size.height - 100));
        menu2->alignItemsVertically();
        this->addChild(menu2);
 
        Slider* slider1 = Slider::create();
 
        slider1->loadBarTexture("sliderTrack.png");
        slider1->loadSlidBallTextures("sliderThumb.png", "sliderThumb.png", "");
        slider1->loadProgressBarTexture("sliderProgress.png");
        slider1->setPosition(Vec2(200, 300));
        slider1->addEventListenerSlider(this, sliderpercentchangedselector(soundTest::sliderEvent1));
        this->addChild(slider1);
 
        Slider* slider2 = Slider::create();
 
        slider2->loadBarTexture("sliderTrack.png");
        slider2->loadSlidBallTextures("sliderThumb.png", "sliderThumb.png", "");
        slider2->loadProgressBarTexture("sliderProgress.png");
        slider2->setPosition(Vec2(size.width - 200, 10));
        slider2->addEventListenerSlider(this, sliderpercentchangedselector(soundTest::sliderEvent1));
        this->addChild(slider2);
 
        return true;
}
//设置调节音量大小条的回调函数
void soundTest::sliderEvent1(Ref* sendef, SliderEventType type)
{
        if (type == SLIDER_PERCENTCHANGED)
        {
               Slider* slider = dynamic_cast<Slider*>(sendef);
               int percent = slider->getPercent();
               SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->setBackgroundMusicVolume(percent*0.1);
        }
}
void soundTest::sliderEvent2(Ref* sendef, SliderEventType type)
{
        if (type == SLIDER_PERCENTCHANGED)
        {
               Slider* slider = dynamic_cast<Slider*>(sendef);
               int percent = slider->getPercent();
               SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->setBackgroundMusicVolume(percent*0.1);
        }
}
//开始播放音乐
void soundTest::testPlayBGMusic(Ref* sendef)
{
        SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->playBackgroundMusic(BG_FILES, true);
}
//开始播放音效
void soundTest::testPlayEffMusic(Ref* sendef)
{
        SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->playEffect(EFFECT_FILES);
}
//暂停播放的音乐
void soundTest::testPauseBGMusic(Ref* sendef)
{
        SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->pauseBackgroundMusic();
}
//暂停播放所有的音效
void soundTest::testPauseEffMusic(Ref* sendef)
{
        SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->pauseAllEffects();
}
//恢复播放的音乐
void soundTest::testResumeBGMusic(Ref* sendef)
{
        SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->resumeBackgroundMusic();
}
//恢复播放所有的音效
void soundTest::testResumeEffMusic(Ref* sendef)
{
        SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->resumeAllEffects();
}
//停止播放的音乐
void soundTest::testStopBGMusic(Ref* sendef)
{
        SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->stopBackgroundMusic();
}
//停止播放所有的音效
void soundTest::testStopEffMusic(Ref* sendef)
{
        SimpleAudioEngine::getInstance()->stopAllEffects();
}