linux MySql 在 Master 主从复制配置

在 Master 服务器上建立用于 Slave 服务器复制数据的帐户

[root@master ~]# mysql

mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'allentuns'@'192.168.2.200' identified by '1234@6@'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

113

mysql> show grants
for 'allentuns'@'192.168.2.200';  #查看授权用户

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

| Grants for allentuns@192.168.2.200|

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

| GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'allentuns'@'192.168.2.200' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*

7B8E3D52A612E2CB04E31B43FCDC20A07317E332'
|

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

 在 Slave 服务器上使用授权用户连接测试

[root@slave ~]# mysql -uallentuns -p1234@6@ -h 192.168.2.100

Warning:
Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands
end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 6

Server version: 5.6.12-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its
affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of
their respective

owners.

Type
'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql

修改 Master 服务器上的 Mysqld 主配置文件

[root@master ~]# vim /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf
log-bin = master-bin                          #二进制日志文件
binlog_format = mixed  #二进制日志文件索引 server-id = 1     #用于识别的 ID

port = 3306            #Mysql 的默认端口号 basedir = /usr/local/mysql/ #Mysql 源程序目录
datadir = /mydata/data      #数据存储目录路径

socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock #套接字文件路径

innodb_file_per_table = 1    #每表一个文件

114

[root@master ~]# service mysqld restart

修改 Slave 服务器上的 Mysqld 主配置文件

[root@slave ~]# vim /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf

#log-bin = master-bin  #注释二进制日志文件，如果当其它从服务器的主服务器，否则关闭

#binlog_format = mixed #注释此行

skip_slave_start = 1    #启动服务时不自动启动从服务线程

read_only = 1           #设置 Slave 服务器为只读

server-id = 10 relay_log = relay_log relay_log_index = relay_log.index port = 3306

basedir = /usr/local/mysql/

datadir = /mydata/data

socket
= /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock innodb_file_per_table = 1

[root@slave ~]# service mysqld restart

 查看 Master 服务器的二进制日志及二进制日志事件位置用于 Slave

服务器复制

mysql> RESET MASTER;   #清空二进制日志
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> show master status;

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

| File             |
Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

| master-bin.000003 |     120 |             |                  |                   |

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

注释：File：表示从此日志开始复制    Position：表示从这个事件开始复制 偏移位

115

 在 Slave 服务器上同步 Master 服务器上面的数据

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO

->  MASTER_HOST='192.168.2.100',

->  MASTER_USER='allentuns',

->  MASTER_PASSWORD='1234@6@',

->  MASTER_PORT=3306,

->
 MASTER_LOG_FILE='master-bin.000003',

->  MASTER_LOG_POS=120;

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.38 sec)
mysql> help change master to #获取帮助信息 Name: 'CHANGE MASTER TO'

Description:
Syntax:

CHANGE MASTER TO option [,
option] ...
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='master2.mycompany.com', MASTER_USER='replication',
MASTER_PASSWORD='bigs3cret', MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_LOG_FILE='master2-bin.001', MASTER_LOG_POS=4,
MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10;

 启动 Slave 服务器的复制线程并查看状态

mysql> start
slave;    #启动 Slave 服务器线程 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> show
slave status\G;

116

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.2.100                                               #Master 服务器地址
Master_User: allentuns      #连接
Master 服务器用户名 Master_Port: 3306     #Master 服务器的监听端口
Connect_Retry: 60                   #重试时间间隔

Master_Log_File: master-bin.000003    #I/O 线程读取的二进制日志文件 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120                                                             #I/O 线程读取的二进制日志文件事件位置
Relay_Log_File: relay_log.000002                      #SQL 线程正在读取的中继日志文件
Relay_Log_Pos: 284    #SQL 线程读取和执行的中继日志文件事件位置
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000003

Slave_IO_Running: Yes                  #Slave 服务器的 IO 线程状态 Slave_SQL_Running: Yes                                                      #Slave 服务器的 SQL 线程状态

Replicate_Do_DB: #下面 Replicate 开头的表示用来指明哪些库或者表在复制时不需要同步 Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0                    #SQL 线程读取日志参数的错误数量
Last_Error:       #SQL 线程读取日志参数的错误消息

Skip_Counter: 0                    #最近被用于 SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER 的值 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 120

Relay_Log_Space: 451

Until_Condition: None                 #所有原有中继日志的总大小 Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

117

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0                   #落后于 Master 服务器的时间
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1

Master_UUID: 84774a86-3ee8-11e4-a268-000c29ad35d7

Master_Info_File: /mydata/data/master.info

SQL_Delay: 0

SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting
for the slave I/O thread to u
pdate it

Master_Retry_Count: 86400

Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0

ERROR:

No query specified

在 Slave 服务器查看启动的线程

[root@slave ~]# mysql -e
"show processlist;"

+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+------------------------------------------------------------------------

| Id | User       | Host      | db
 |
Command |
Time |
State                                                                   | Info            |

+----+-------------+-----------+------+---------+------+------------------------------------------------------------------------

|  3 | system user |         | NULL | Connect |  533 | Waiting for master to send event                                           | NULL

|

|  4 | system user |          | NULL | Connect |
 533
| Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update i t |
NULL                 |

|  5 |
root      |
localhost |
NULL | Query
 |   0 |
init                                                                  | show processlist |

 在 Master 服务器创建数据库并在 Slave 服务器上验证是否存在

###在 Master 服务器创建数据库并查看

[root@master ~]# mysql -e 'create database mydbtest;' [root@master ~]# mysql -e 'show databases;'

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mydbtest           |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| test                |

###在 Slave 服务器查看是否有'mydbtest'数据库

[root@slave ~]# mysql -e 'show databases;'

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mydbtest           | #数据库已经成功同步到 slave 服务器

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| test                |

 在 Master 与 Slave 服务器查看二进制日志事件位置已更新

###查看 Master 服务器

[root@master ~]# mysql -e 'show master status;'

+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

| File             |
Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |

###查看 Slave 服务器

[root@slave ~]# mysql -e
'show slave status\G;' |grep 'Read_Master_Log_Pos'
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 226

5.主从监控

5.1Linux 系统 sendmail 发邮件到 139 外部邮箱

1、安装 sendmail 和 mailx

# yum -y
install sendmail mailx

2、修改配置文件

# cp /etc/mail.rc /etc/mail.rc.bak

# cat >>
/etc/mail.rc << EOF

set from=13260071987@139.comsmtp=smtp.139.com

set smtp-auth-user=13260071987@139.comsmtp-auth-password=yi15093547036 smtp- auth=login

EOF

3、重新启动服务

# service sendmail restart

4、发送测试邮件

echo "I Love You"
|mail -s "邮件主题:MIS you" 13260071987@139.com

5.2 分别在从服务器(Slave)上创建登陆用户，只限定本地运行，保证安全

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to "zhengyansheng"@"127.0.0.1"
identified by "passwor

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to "zhengyansheng"@"localhost" identified by "passwor
d123";

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

5.3Mysql 监控脚本

#!/bin/bash

#check MySQL_Slave Status

#crontab time 00:10

MYSQLPORT=`netstat -na|grep "LISTEN"|grep "3306"|awk -F[:"
"]+ '{print $4}'`
MYSQLIP=`ifconfig eth1|grep "inet addr" | awk -F[:" "]+ '{print $4}'`
STATUS=$(/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u zhengyansheng -ppassword123 -S /tmp/mysql.
sock -e "show slave status\G" | grep -i
"running")

IO_env=`echo $STATUS | grep IO | awk ' {print $2}'`
SQL_env=`echo $STATUS | grep SQL | awk '{print $2}'`
DATA=`date +"%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`

if [ "$MYSQLPORT" == "3306" ]

then

echo "mysql is running"
else

mail
-s "warn!server: $MYSQLIP mysql is down"
13260071987@139.comfi

if [ "$IO_env" = "Yes" -a "$SQL_env" = "Yes" ]

then

echo "Slave is running!" else

echo "####### $DATA #########">>     /mydata/check_mysql_log/check_mysql_slave.l

echo "Slave is not running!"
>>    /mydata/check_mysql_log/check_mysql_slave.log

echo "Slave is not running!"
| mail -s "warn! $MYSQLIP MySQL Slave is not running" 1326

0071987@139.comfi

5.4 定时执行监控脚本

[root@slave ~]# crontab -l

*/1 * * * * root /bin/sh /mydata/check_mysql_health.sh

5.5 测试：停止 slave 进程，看是否能收到邮件

mysql> stop slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show
slave status\G

*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State:

Master_Host: 192.168.2.100

Master_User: allentuns

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: master-bin.000003

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 226

Relay_Log_File: relay_log.000005

Relay_Log_Pos: 284

Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000003

Slave_IO_Running: No #IO 线程已经停止 Slave_SQL_Running: No #SQL 线程已经停止 Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 226

Relay_Log_Space: 615

Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1

Master_Info_File: /mydata/data/master.info

SQL_Delay: 0

SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State:
Master_Retry_Count: 86400

Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

主从半同步复制