转 叫板OpenStack:用Docker实现私有云

http://www.cnblogs.com/alexkn/p/4239457.html

看到各大厂商的云主机，会不会觉得高大上？目前大公司的主流方案是OpenStack，比如某个公司的私有云

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" alt="" />

其实，我们可以通过Docker可以很容易实现自己的私有云。

下面进入正题。

假 设你所在的公司拥有一台功能强悍的服务器，假设是centos，但开发人员，测试人员如果都在这一台主机上进行开发，测试，后果是灾难性的，但由于只有一 台服务器，你们老板甚至还想把这剩余的性能榨取出来搭建一些服务卖给大众...以往的话，开发，测试人员肯定要摔键盘了，这不是坑爹么？但如果你会 Docker，就能很容易实现这一目标，升职加薪，当上总经理，出任CEO，赢取白富美，迎来人生的巅峰呢！

是不是有点小激动了？来吧，哥教你怎么做。

一.升级Centos内核

官方推荐内核使用3.8以上，那我们升到长期稳定版的3.10.

[root@iZ2893wjzgyZ ~]# rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
[root@iZ2893wjzgyZ ~]# rpm -ivh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-6-5.el6.elrepo.noarch.rpm
[root@iZ2893wjzgyZ ~]# yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-lt -y 
[root@iZ2893wjzgyZ ~]# vim /etc/grub.conf default=1 改为default=0 
[root@iZ2893wjzgyZ ~]# reboot 
[root@iZ2893wjzgyZ ~]# uname -a 
Linux iZ2893wjzgyZ 3.10.65-1.el6.elrepo.x86_64 #1 SMP Sat Jan 17 10:36:35 EST 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

二.安装docker

[root@iZ2893wjzgyZ ~]# yum install http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
[root@iZ2893wjzgyZ ~]# yum install docker-io

三.启动docker

[root@iZ2893wjzgyZ ~]# service docker start 
Starting cgconfig service: [ OK ] 
Starting docker: [ OK ]

四.获取镜像

由于镜像仓库在国内，国内慢的令人发指，推荐有import方式使用镜像(此例采用的此种镜像方案可以很容易安装ssh服务)，在http://openvz.org/Download/templates/precreated中有很多压缩的镜像文件，可以将这些文件下载后采用import方式使用镜像

# wget http://download.openvz.org/template/precreated/ubuntu-14.04-x86_64-minimal.tar.gz
# cat ubuntu-14.04-x86_64-minimal.tar.gz  |docker import - ubuntu:14.04 
# docker images 
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE 
ubuntu 14.04        05ac7c0b9383        17 seconds ago         215.5 MB

这样我们就可以使用这个镜像作为自己的Base镜像

五.实现sshd，在Base镜像基础上生成一个新镜像

#docker run -t -i ubuntu:base /bin/bash

root@050f6efc5ed6:/# vim  /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse  
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse  
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse  
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse  
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse  
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse  
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse  
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse  
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

root@050f6efc5ed6:/# apt-get update

安装supervisor服务

root@050f6efc5ed6:/# apt-get supervisor

root@050f6efc5ed6:/# cp supervisord.conf conf.d/

root@050f6efc5ed6:/# cd conf.d/

root@050f6efc5ed6:/# vi supervisord.conf

1. ; supervisor config file
2. [unix_http_server]
3. file=/var/run/supervisor.sock   ; (the path to the socket file)
4. chmod=0700                       ; sockef file mode (default 0700)
5. [supervisord]
6. logfile=/var/log/supervisor/supervisord.log ; (main log file;default $CWD/supervisord.log)
7. pidfile=/var/run/supervisord.pid ; (supervisord pidfile;default supervisord.pid)
8. childlogdir=/var/log/supervisor            ; ('AUTO' child log dir, default $TEMP)
9. nodaemon=true                         ；（修改该软件的启动模式为非daemon，否则docker 在执行的时候会直接退出）
10. [include]
11. files = /etc/supervisor/conf.d/*.conf
12. [program:sshd]
13. command = /usr/sbin/sshd -D        ；

root@050f6efc5ed6:/# mkdir /var/run/sshd

root@050f6efc5ed6:/# passwd root

root@050f6efc5ed6:/# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

root@050f6efc5ed6:/# exit

退出之后自动生成一个容器，接下来把容器commit生成封装了sshd的镜像

# docker commit f3c8  ubuntu

5c21b6cf7ab3f60693f9b6746a5ec0d173fd484462b2eb0b23ecd2692b1aff6b

[root@iZ2893wjzgyZ tmp]# docker images

REPOSITORY                TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE

ubuntu                           sshd                02c4391d40a0        47 minutes ago      661.4 MB

六.开始分配容器

[root@iZ2893wjzgyZ tmp]# docker run -p 301:22 -d --name test ubuntu /usr/bin/supervisord

[root@iZ2893wjzgyZ tmp]# docker run -p 302:22 -d --name dev ubuntu /usr/bin/supervisord

[root@iZ2893wjzgyZ tmp]# docker run -p 303:22 -d --name client1 ubuntu /usr/bin/supervisord

.......

[root@iZ2893wjzgyZ tmp]# docker run -p xxxxx:22 -d --name clientN ubuntu /usr/bin/supervisord

让我们进入容器看一看，瞧一瞧(114.215.86.228是宿主机的IP)

通过Xshell即可进入。

这样就顺利隔离了N个容器，且每一个都是以党中央centos领导下的纯净的ubuntu系统，按这种分配方式，所有容器性能和宿主机一样，让我们看一看：

Centos：

容器：test

七.搭建自己的私有仓库

老板现在用这台闲置的主机赚了很多钱，于是公司快速发展，老板尝到甜头，又买来了几十台服务器，这时候，抠门老板想了想，每台主机这么搞一次，我岂不是要多给几天工钱？

服务的封装才是Docker的杀手锏，怎么可能让这种工作重复数十次？我们可以搭建自己的私有仓库。有点类似github的方式，将封装好的镜像push到仓库，其他主机装好docker后，pull下来即可，在这里不做说明。

八.扩展

不同人群需要的主机性能不同，总不能所有的人都分配一样的主机吧？这就涉及到容器的管理了，老板意识到这个问题，有一天对开发说，你看看人家openstack管理界面那么高大上，还能将不同主机切割不同的性能，我们为什么不可以？然后老板很快得到满意的方案：Kubernetes(有很多其他方案可以实现)

Kubernetes是Google开源的容器集群管理系统。它构建于docker技术之上，为容器化的应用提供资源调度、部署运行、服务发现、扩 容缩容等整一套功能，本质上可看作是基于容器技术的mini-PaaS平台.

总结：经过这八个步骤，大概就已经实现了私有云的基本功能，其实Docker能做的事情远不如此，本人才疏学浅，使用不久，这里只阐述想到的这一种方案。