ASP.NET MVC NPOI导入Excel DataTable批量导入到数据库

使用NPOI导入Excel

首先在MVC项目中导入NPOI

查询NPOI安装，排序依据，选择：最高下载量，选择第一个。

在控制器中创建ExcelController

在Index视图中写入代码：

@using (Html.BeginForm("Import", "Excel", FormMethod.Post, new { enctype = "multipart/form-data" }))
{
<input name="file" type="file" id="=file" />
<input name="submit" id="submit" type="submit" value="批量导入" />
}

创建Import控制器

添加Import视图

Import控制器中的代码：

        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult Import(HttpPostedFileBase file)
        {
            var fileName = file.FileName;
            var filePath = Server.MapPath(string.Format("~/{0}", "Files"));
            string path = Path.Combine(filePath, fileName);
            file.SaveAs(path);
 
            DataTable excelTable = new DataTable();
            excelTable = ImportExcel.GetExcelDataTable(path);
 
            DataTable dbdata = new DataTable();
            dbdata.Columns.Add("email");
            dbdata.Columns.Add("pwd");
            dbdata.Columns.Add("logintime");
 
            for (int i = ; i < excelTable.Rows.Count; i++)
            {
                DataRow dr = excelTable.Rows[i];
                DataRow dr_ = dbdata.NewRow();
                dr_["email"] = dr["邮箱"];
                dr_["pwd"] = dr["密码"];
                dr_["logintime"] = dr["时间"];
                dbdata.Rows.Add(dr_);
            }
            RemoveEmpty(dbdata);
 
            string constr = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["meixinEntities_"];
 
            SqlBulkCopyByDatatable(constr, "m_user1", dbdata);
 
            return View();
        }

添加logic文档，添加ImportExcel类，添加一个Files文档保存Excel文件

这里需要引用NPOI类库，ImportExcel类里的代码：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using NPOI;
using System.Data;
using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
using System.IO;
using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel;
 
namespace MvcExcel导入导出1.logic
{
    public class ImportExcel
    {
 
        public static DataTable GetExcelDataTable(string filePath)
        {
            IWorkbook Workbook;
            DataTable table = new DataTable();
            try
            {
                using (FileStream fileStream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
                {
                    //XSSFWorkbook 适用XLSX格式，HSSFWorkbook 适用XLS格式
                    string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(filePath).ToLower();
                    if (fileExt == ".xls")
                    {
                        Workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fileStream);
                    }
                    else if (fileExt == ".xlsx")
                    {
                        Workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fileStream);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Workbook = null;
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
 
            //定位在第一个sheet
            ISheet sheet = Workbook.GetSheetAt();
            //第一行为标题行
            IRow headerRow = sheet.GetRow();
            int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum;
            int rowCount = sheet.LastRowNum;
 
            //循环添加标题列
            for (int i = headerRow.FirstCellNum; i < cellCount; i++)
            {
                DataColumn column = new DataColumn(headerRow.GetCell(i).StringCellValue);
                table.Columns.Add(column);
            }
 
            //数据
            for (int i = (sheet.FirstRowNum + ); i <= rowCount; i++)
            {
                IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);
                DataRow dataRow = table.NewRow();
                if (row != null)
                {
                    for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; j++)
                    {
                        if (row.GetCell(j) != null)
                        {
                            dataRow[j] = GetCellValue(row.GetCell(j));
                        }
                    }
                }
                table.Rows.Add(dataRow);
            }
            return table;
        }
 
        private static string GetCellValue(ICell cell)
        {
            if (cell == null)
            {
                return string.Empty;
            }
 
            switch (cell.CellType)
            {
                case CellType.Blank:
                    return string.Empty;
                case CellType.Boolean:
                    return cell.BooleanCellValue.ToString();
                case CellType.Error:
                    return cell.ErrorCellValue.ToString();
                case CellType.Numeric:
                case CellType.Unknown:
                default:
                    return cell.ToString();
                case CellType.String:
                    return cell.StringCellValue;
                case CellType.Formula:
                    try
                    {
                        HSSFFormulaEvaluator e = new HSSFFormulaEvaluator(cell.Sheet.Workbook);
                        e.EvaluateInCell(cell);
                        return cell.ToString();
                    }
                    catch
                    {
                        return cell.NumericCellValue.ToString();
                    }
            }
        }
 
    }
}

在Import控制器中获取到datatable的数据之后，在下面添加批量插入DataTable数据的方法，传入三个参数。

        /// <summary>
        /// 大数据插入
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connectionString">目标库连接</param>
        /// <param name="TableName">目标表</param>
        /// <param name="dtSelect">来源数据</param>
        public static void SqlBulkCopyByDatatable(string connectionString, string TableName, DataTable dtSelect)
        {
            using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
            {
                using (SqlBulkCopy sqlbulkcopy = new SqlBulkCopy(connectionString, SqlBulkCopyOptions.UseInternalTransaction))
                {
                    try
                    {
                        sqlbulkcopy.DestinationTableName = TableName;
                        sqlbulkcopy.BatchSize = ;
                        sqlbulkcopy.BulkCopyTimeout = ;//不限时间
                        for (int i = ; i < dtSelect.Columns.Count; i++)
                        {
                            sqlbulkcopy.ColumnMappings.Add(dtSelect.Columns[i].ColumnName, dtSelect.Columns[i].ColumnName);
                        }
                        sqlbulkcopy.WriteToServer(dtSelect);
                    }
                    catch (System.Exception ex)
                    {
                        throw ex;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

第一个是从NPOI读取到的Excel的数据，保存到excelTable里，第二个是把表的中文表头转换成数据库表中对应的英文，第三个是获取连接字符串，调用批量插入数据库的方法

插入数据需要传入数据库连接字符串，在Web.config中的<appSettings>中添加自己的数据库连接字符串

在导入Excel数据的时候，有时候会有空行，用RemoveEmpty方法去空，代码如下

        protected void RemoveEmpty(DataTable dt)
        {
            List<DataRow> removelist = new List<DataRow>();
            for (int i = ; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
            {
                bool IsNull = true;
                for (int j = ; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)
                {
                    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString().Trim()))
                    {
                        IsNull = false;
                    }
                }
                if (IsNull)
                {
                    removelist.Add(dt.Rows[i]);
                }
            }
            for (int i = ; i < removelist.Count; i++)
            {
                dt.Rows.Remove(removelist[i]);
            }
        }