Spring使用总结

一、基础JAR包

spring-beans.jar spring-context.jar spring-core.jar spring-expression.jar

二、XML的配置

1、一级结构

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
   <bean id="..." class="...">
     <!-- collaborators and configuration for this bean go here -->
   </bean>
 </beans>

元数据的基本结构

<import resource="/resources/themeSource.xml"/> <!-- 导入bean -->

<alias name="studentsManagerService" alias="studentsManagerService2"/> <!-- 别名 -->

<bean id="exampleBean" class="examples.ExampleBean"/> <!-- 构造器构造 -->

<bean id="exampleBean" class="examples.ExampleBean2"  factory-method="createInstance"/>  <!-- 静态工厂方法实例化 -->

<bean id="serviceLocator" class="com.foo.DefaultServiceLocator"></bean>
<bean id="exampleBean" factory-bean="serviceLocator" factory-method="createInstance"/> <!-- 实例工厂方法实例化 -->

<bean id="beanOne" class="ExampleBean" depends-on="manager,accountDao"></bean> <!-- depends-on 初始化/销毁时的依赖 -->

<bean id="lazy" class="com.foo.ExpensiveToCreateBean" lazy-init="true"/>
<beans default-lazy-init="true"></beans>  <!-- depends-on 初始化/销毁时的依赖 -->

<bean id="" class="" autowire="byType"> <!-- 自动装配 常用byName、byType， autowire-candidate="false" bean排除在自动装配之外 -->

<bean id="ernie" class="com.***." dependency-check="none">  <!-- 默认值，不进行任何检查 --><bean id="ernie" class="com.***." dependency-check="simple">  <!-- 简单类型属性以及集合类型检查 --><bean id="ernie" class="com.***." dependency-check="object">  <!-- 引用类型检查 --><bean id="ernie" class="com.***." dependency-check="all">  <!-- 全部检查 -->

<!-- 作用域 默认singleton(单实例),prototype每次请求一个实例,request/session/global session -->
<bean id="obj" class="com.***." init-method="init" destroy-method="destroy" scope="prototype"/> 

2、参数

<constructor-arg type="int" value="7500000"/>
<constructor-arg index="0" value="7500000"/>
<constructor-arg><bean class="x.y.Baz"/></constructor-arg> <!-- 构造器注入/静态方法参数 不提倡 -->
<property name="beanTwo" ref="yetAnotherBean"/>  <!-- Set注入 提倡 -->

<value>
     jdbc.driver.className=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
     jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb
</value> <!-- java.util.Properties实例 提倡 -->

 <idref bean="theTargetBean" /> <!-- 同value 校验bean [theTargetBean] 是否存在,不同于ref,ref为引和实例 -->

<list/>、<set/>、<map/> <props/> <!-- 集合 对应List、Set、Map及Properties的值-->

3、注解

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">
 
      <context:annotation-config/>
 
 </beans>

注解(<context:annotation-config/>)

spring注解命名空间(org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.*) //常用:Autowired、Qualifier

javax注解命名空间(javax.annotation.*) //常用:Resource、PostConstruct、PreDestroy

spring组件命名空间(org.springframework.stereotype.*) //常用:Component、 Repository、Service、Controller

@Autowired(required = false)
private Student student2; //自动注解，有且仅有一个bean（当添加required = false时 没有bean也不会报错 )）
 
@Autowired
@Qualifier("cs2")
private Student student2; //指定bean cs2,Autowired/Qualifier 可用于字段，Set方法，传值方法

//@Resource(name="mainCatalog")  与@Autowired类似
@Autowired
public void prepare(@Qualifier("mainCatalog") MovieCatalog movieCatalog, CustomerPreferenceDao customerPreferenceDao) {
    this.movieCatalog = movieCatalog;
    this.customerPreferenceDao = customerPreferenceDao;
}

<context:component-scan base-package="org.example"/> <!-- 检测这些类并注册-->

<!-- @Component、 @Repository、@Service或 @Controller -->
@Service("myMovieLister")
public class SimpleMovieLister {
    // ...
}
@Repository
public class MovieFinderImpl implements MovieFinder {
    // ...
}

4、面向切面

添加jar包:

　　spring : spring-aop.jar、spring-aspects

aspect : aspectjrt.jar、aspectjtools.jar

item : aopalliance.jar

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
     <context:annotation-config />
     <context:component-scan base-package="com.itsoft"/>
     <aop:aspectj-autoproxy />
 </beans>

xml配置

 package com.itsoft;
 
 import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;
 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
 import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
 /**
  *
  * @author Administrator
  * 通过aop拦截后执行具体操作
  */
 @Aspect
 @Component
 public class LogIntercept {
 
     @Pointcut("execution(public * com.itsoft.action..*.*(..))")
     public void recordLog(){}
 
     @Before("recordLog()")
     public void before() {
         this.printLog("已经记录下操作日志@Before 方法执行前");
     }
 
     @Around("recordLog()")
     public void around(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable{
         this.printLog("已经记录下操作日志@Around 方法执行前");
         pjp.proceed();
         this.printLog("已经记录下操作日志@Around 方法执行后");
     }
 
     @After("recordLog()")
     public void after() {
         this.printLog("已经记录下操作日志@After 方法执行后");
     }
 
     private void printLog(String str){
         System.out.println(str);
     }
 }

aspect实现(@Around @Before @After)

 <bean id="logInterceptor" class="com.bjsxt.aop.LogInterceptor"></bean>
 <aop:config>
     <aop:aspect id="logAspect" ref="logInterceptor">
     <aop:before method="before" pointcut="execution(public * com.bjsxt.service..*.add(..))" />
     </aop:aspect>
 </aop:config>

XML替代注解

5、Spring 常用实现

<bean id="propertyConfigurerForAnalysis" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
    <property name="location">
         <value>classpath:com/foo/jdbc.properties</value>
    </property>
</bean>
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
    <property name="locations">
       <list>
          <value>classpath:/spring/include/jdbc-parms.properties</value>
          <value>classpath:/spring/include/base-config.properties</value>
        </list>
    </property>
</bean>
 
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:com/foo/jdbc.properties"/> <!-- 简化 spring2.5 支持，多个以逗号(,)分开 -->

属性占位符PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer

 <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
          <!--Connection Info -->
         <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
         <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
         <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
         <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
 
          <!--Connection Pooling Info -->
         <property name="initialSize" value="5" />
         <property name="maxActive" value="100" />
         <property name="maxIdle" value="30" />
         <property name="maxWait" value="10000" />
         <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" />
         <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" />
     </bean>

数据源配置,使用应用内的DBCP数据库连接池

<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

jdbcTemplate

<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <!--
        <property name="annotatedClasses">
            <list>
                <value>com.bjsxt.model.User</value>
                <value>com.bjsxt.model.Log</value>
            </list>
        </property>
         -->
         <property name="packagesToScan">
            <list>
                <value>com.bjsxt.model</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">
                    org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
                </prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>

hibernateTemplate、sessionFactory

 Xml
 <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
     <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
 </bean>
 
 <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
     <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
 </bean>
 
 <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"></tx:annotation-driven>
 
 Java
 @Transactional(readOnly=true)

事务注解

<bean id="txManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
 
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="bussinessService"
            expression="execution(public * com.bjsxt.service..*.*(..))" />
        <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="bussinessService"
            advice-ref="txAdvice" />
    </aop:config>
 
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="getUser" read-only="true" />
            <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

事务XML配置

<filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>GBK</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>

编码设置CharacterEncodingFilter

 <filter>
         <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
         <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
         <init-param>
                     <param-name>singleSession</param-name>
                     <param-value>true</param-value>
             </init-param>
         <init-param>
             <param-name>sessionFactoryBeanName</param-name>
             <param-value>sf</param-value>
         </init-param>
         <init-param>
                     <param-name>flushMode</param-name>
                     <param-value>AUTO</param-value>
             </init-param>
     </filter>

发起一个页面请求时打开Hibernate的Session

三、实例化容器

1、java实例化容器

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:/spring/products.xml");

2、web配置

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        <!-- default: /WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml -->
    </listener>
 
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <!-- <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext-*.xml,classpath*:applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>  -->
        <param-value>classpath:beans.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

四、spring mvc

http://elf8848.iteye.com/blog/875830/