HttpURLConnection&HttpClient网络通信

一：HttpURLConnection简介：

　　用于发送或者接受HTTP协议请求的类，获得的数据可以是任意类型和长度，这个类可以用于发送和接收流数据，其长度事先不知道。

　　使用这个类遵循一下模式：

1. 获得一个新的HttpURLConnection通过调用URL.openConnection()获得一个HttpURLConnection实例。
2. 准备请求。请求的主要特性是它的URI。请求头也可以包括元数据，如凭证，首选的内容类型和会话cookie。
3. 可选择上传请求主体。实例必须配置 setDoOutput(true)，如果他们有一个请求主体。以书面形式向被返回的流的getOutputStream.
4. 读取响应。响应头通常包括元数据，如响应主体的内容类型和长度，修改日期和会话Cookie。响应体可以从返回的流中的getInputStream。如果响应没有主体，该方法返回一个空流。
5. 断开。一旦响应体已被读取时，HttpURLConnection的应该调用关闭disconnect()。断开释放一个连接持有的资源，所以他们可能被关闭或重新使用。

如下：是通过HttpURLConnection或的数据的例子：

网址url =  new URL ( "http://www.android.com/" );
   HttpURLConnection urlConnection =  ( HttpURLConnection ) url . openConnection ();
   try  {
     InputStream  in  =  new  BufferedInputStream ( urlConnection . getInputStream ());
     readStream ( in );
     finally  {
     urlConnection . disconnect ();
   }
 ｝

　　HttpURLConnection详细功能，请参照谷歌官方API:http://developer.android.com/reference/java/net/HttpURLConnection.html

　　HttpClient简介：

　　接口的HTTP客户端。HTTP客户端封装执行HTTP请求，同时处理Cookie，认证，连接管理等功能所需对象的大杂烩。HTTP客户端的线程安全依赖于特定的客户端的实现和配置。

　　该类不建议在API22上使用。

　　常用的公共方法有：

　　1:execute(HttpUriRequest request);     执行使用默认情况下的请求.

　　2: getConnectionManager();                获得使用该客户端的连接管理器。

　　3: getParams();                                  获得参数，这个用于客户端。

HttpClient这个类比较简单，详细的信息可以参照谷歌官方API：  http://developer.android.com/reference/org/apache/http/client/HttpClient.html

二：通过一个简单的Demo来分别实现HttpURLConnection和HttpClient的GET和POST请求。

　　1:Demo展示如下，非常简单：

　　2:Activity中代码实现如下：

　　（注：因为HTTP网络请求是耗时操作，所以在android开发中，为避免耗时操作阻塞主线程，

　　　需使用子线程或这一步操作实现这些耗时操作。本例中使用的是AsyncTast异步处理。）

 package activity.cyq.httplearn;

 import android.os.AsyncTask;
 import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.view.View;
 import android.widget.Button;
 import android.widget.TextView;

 import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
 import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
 import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
 import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
 import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
 import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
 import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
 import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

 import java.io.BufferedReader;
 import java.io.BufferedWriter;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
 import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
 import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
 import java.net.MalformedURLException;
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.net.URLConnection;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;

 public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

     private Button HTTP_GET, HTTP_POST, HTTPClinet_GET, HTTPClient_P0st;
     private TextView dataShow;
     private final String urlStr = "http://apis.juhe.cn/mobile/get?phone=13429667914&key=a26da09113eaf8bd24456f0bd4037eb3";
     private final String urlPost = "http://apis.juhe.cn/mobile/get";
     private String phone = "1342966";/*手机号码前七位*/
     private final String key = "a26da09113eaf8bd24456f0bd4037eb3";

     @Override
     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

         HTTP_GET = (Button) findViewById(R.id.HTTP_GetBTN);
         HTTP_POST = (Button) findViewById(R.id.HTTP_PostBTN);
         HTTPClinet_GET = (Button) findViewById(R.id.HTTPClient_GetBTN);
         HTTPClient_P0st = (Button) findViewById(R.id.HTTPClient_PostBTN);
         dataShow = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.dataShowText);

         HTTP_GET.setOnClickListener(this);
         HTTP_POST.setOnClickListener(this);
         HTTPClinet_GET.setOnClickListener(this);
         HTTPClient_P0st.setOnClickListener(this);

     }

     @Override
     public void onClick(View v) {
         switch (v.getId()) {
             case R.id.HTTP_GetBTN:
                 new AsyncTask<String, Void, String>() {
                     @Override
                     protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
                         try {
                             URL url = new URL(params[0]);
                             URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();
                             InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
                             InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
                             BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
                             String line;
                             StringBuilder sBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                             while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
                                 sBuilder.append(line);
                             }
                             br.close();
                             isr.close();
                             is.close();
                             return "HTTP_GET请求方式数据结果：" + sBuilder.toString();

                         } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                             e.printStackTrace();
                         } catch (IOException e) {
                             e.printStackTrace();
                         }
                         return null;
                     }

                     @Override
                     protected void onPostExecute(String s) {
                         dataShow.append(s);
                         super.onPostExecute(s);
                     }
                 }.execute(urlStr);
                 break;
             case R.id.HTTP_PostBTN:
                 new AsyncTask<String, Void, String>() {
                     @Override
                     protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
                         URL url = null;
                         try {
                             url = new URL(params[0]);
                             HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

                             connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
                             connection.setReadTimeout(8000);
                             connection.setConnectTimeout(1000);

                             OutputStream os = connection.getOutputStream();
                             OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(os);
                             BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(osw);
                             bw.write("phone=13429667914&key=a26da09113eaf8bd24456f0bd4037eb3");
                             bw.close();
                             osw.close();
                             os.close();

                             InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
                             InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
                             BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
                             String line;
                             StringBuilder sBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                             while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
                                 sBuilder.append(line);
                             }
                             br.close();
                             isr.close();
                             is.close();
                             return "HTTP_POST请求方式数据结果：" + sBuilder.toString();

                         } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                             e.printStackTrace();
                         } catch (IOException e) {
                             e.printStackTrace();
                         }
                         return null;
                     }

                     @Override
                     protected void onPostExecute(String s) {
                         dataShow.append(s);
                         super.onPostExecute(s);
                     }
                 }.execute(urlStr);
                 break;
             case R.id.HTTPClient_GetBTN:
                 new AsyncTask<String, Void, String>() {
                     @Override
                     protected String doInBackground(String... params) {

                         HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
                         HttpGet get = new HttpGet(params[0]);
                         try {
                             HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
                             if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                                 String result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
                                 return result;
                             }
                         } catch (IOException e) {
                             e.printStackTrace();
                         }
                         return null;
                     }

                     @Override
                     protected void onPostExecute(String s) {
                         dataShow.append("HTTPClient_Get请求方式数据结果：" + s);
                         super.onPostExecute(s);
                     }

                 }.execute(urlStr);
                 break;
             case R.id.HTTPClient_PostBTN:
                 new AsyncTask<String, Void, String>() {
                     @Override
                     protected String doInBackground(String... params) {

                         int photoStr = Integer.parseInt(params[1]);
                         HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
                         HttpPost post = new HttpPost(params[0]);
                         List<BasicNameValuePair> list = new ArrayList<BasicNameValuePair>();
                         list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("phone", "13429667914"));
                         list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("key", "a26da09113eaf8bd24456f0bd4037eb3"));

                         try {
                             post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list));
                         } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                             e.printStackTrace();
                         }

                         try {
                             HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
                             if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                                 String result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
                                 return result;
                             }
                         } catch (IOException e) {
                             e.printStackTrace();
                         }
                         return null;
                     }

                     @Override
                     protected void onPostExecute(String s) {
                         dataShow.append("HTTPClient_POST请求方式数据结果：" + s);
                         super.onPostExecute(s);
                     }
                 }.execute(urlPost, phone, key);
                 break;

         }

     }
 }